array:22 [ "pii" => "S0001651924000086" "issn" => "00016519" "doi" => "10.1016/j.otorri.2024.01.006" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2024-09-01" "aid" => "1226" "copyright" => "Sociedad Española de Otorrinolaringología y Cirugía de Cabeza y Cuello" "copyrightAnyo" => "2024" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Acta Otorrinolaringol Esp. 2024;75:273-80" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "itemSiguiente" => array:19 [ "pii" => "S0001651924000104" "issn" => "00016519" "doi" => "10.1016/j.otorri.2023.11.002" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2024-09-01" "aid" => "1228" "copyright" => "Sociedad Española de Otorrinolaringología y Cirugía de Cabeza y Cuello" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Acta Otorrinolaringol Esp. 2024;75:281-7" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "es" => array:13 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Artículo original</span>" "titulo" => "Actualización y validación del test percepción temprana de la palabra en lengua española" "tienePdf" => "es" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "es" "tieneResumen" => array:2 [ 0 => "es" 1 => "en" ] "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "281" "paginaFinal" => "287" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "en" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Update and validation of the early word perception test in the Spanish language" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:2 [ "es" => true "en" => true ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "es" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "es" => true ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0015" "etiqueta" => "Figura 3" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr3.jpeg" "Alto" => 1692 "Ancho" => 2925 "Tamanyo" => 441949 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "es" => "<p id="spar0065" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Dibujos de la categoría 3.</p>" ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "Janaina Patricio de Lima, Beatriz Pérez Leoz, Diego Calavia Gil, Alicia Huarte" "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Janaina" "apellidos" => "Patricio de Lima" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Beatriz" "apellidos" => "Pérez Leoz" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Diego" "apellidos" => "Calavia Gil" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Alicia" "apellidos" => "Huarte" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "en" => array:9 [ "pii" => "S2173573524000401" "doi" => "10.1016/j.otoeng.2023.11.002" "estado" => "S300" "subdocumento" => "" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2173573524000401?idApp=UINPBA00004N" ] ] "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0001651924000104?idApp=UINPBA00004N" "url" => "/00016519/0000007500000005/v1_202409160746/S0001651924000104/v1_202409160746/es/main.assets" ] "en" => array:19 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Original article</span>" "titulo" => "Intraoral ultrasonography: an adjunct in oral onco-surgery" "tieneTextoCompleto" => true "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "273" "paginaFinal" => "280" ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "autoresLista" => "Divyanshi Singh, Neeti Aggarwal, Ravinder S Minhas, Ramesh K Azad, MS Vasanthalakshmi, Jagdeep S Thakur" "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Divyanshi" "apellidos" => "Singh" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Neeti" "apellidos" => "Aggarwal" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Ravinder S" "apellidos" => "Minhas" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Ramesh K" "apellidos" => "Azad" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] 4 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "MS" "apellidos" => "Vasanthalakshmi" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>" "identificador" => "aff0015" ] ] ] 5 => array:4 [ "nombre" => "Jagdeep S" "apellidos" => "Thakur" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "anujagdeep@yahoo.co.in" ] "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">*</span>" "identificador" => "cor0005" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:3 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Dept of Otolaryngology-Head Neck Surgery (ENT), Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, HP, 171001. India" "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Dept of Radiodiagnosis, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, HP, 171001, India" "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] 2 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Dept of Biostatistics, All India Institute of Speech and Hearing (AIISH), Mysore, Karnataka, 570006, India" "etiqueta" => "c" "identificador" => "aff0015" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor0005" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "Corresponding author." ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Ultrasonografía intraoral: un complemento en la oncocirugía oral" ] ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:8 [ "identificador" => "fig0015" "etiqueta" => "Figure 3" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr3.jpeg" "Alto" => 1193 "Ancho" => 1508 "Tamanyo" => 43790 ] ] "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at0015" "detalle" => "Figure " "rol" => "short" ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Spearman’s correlation between clinical palpation and histopathology.</p>" ] ] ] "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0065">Introduction</span><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The depth of invasion (DOI) in oral cancers is considered a better predictive factor for recurrence and survival, which led to its inclusion in the TNM classification revised by the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) in 2018. However, inaccuracy in the assessment of the depth of invasion is the major limitation, and this usually leads to under- or overstaging and hence suboptimal or unwarranted surgical treatment. Digital palpation is a common clinical practise for assessing tumors; however, it measures tumour thickness rather than depth of invasion. Pathologically, tumour thickness and DOI differ, and this distinction becomes more important during tumour surgery, as tumor-free resection is routinely guided by digital palpation.</p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">It is well established that tumours with more than 4 mm of invasion depth have a very high risk of locoregional metastasis, and hence exact measurement and tumour-free excision are necessary in oral surgery. Clinically, surgical resection is guided by the digital palpation of the tumor, which depicts tumour thickness rather than depth of invasion. Although both terms are technically distinct, they can sometimes overlap depending on the tumor, particularly a flat tumor.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1–4</span></a></p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The diagnosis of the depth of invasion is primarily histopathologic, but various other modalities can be used to predict the DOI of the tumor. Preoperatively, the depth of invasion is assessed through radiological examination. Oral cancers are primarily subjected to computerised tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, but these investigations have limitations in terms of time, cost, contrast media-associated hypersensitivity and nephrotoxicity, and radiation exposure. Ultrasonography is a non-invasive, quick, and cost-effective investigation. It had been evaluated for its accuracy in the assessment of invasion depth through intraoral ultrasound (IOUS) with few limitations.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2,5–7</span></a> Further research is required to support the role of intra-oral ultrasonography that could influence oral cancer surgery in achieving additional benefit for tumour-free surgical excision margins. On this background, we conducted a study to determine the precision and accuracy of intraoral ultrasonography to determine the depth of invasion in early-stage oral cancers</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0070">Materials and methods</span><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This prospective study was conducted in a tertiary care academic centre with informed written consent from each enrolled subject and institutional ethical committee approval. Thirty subjects were enrolled in the study based on sample size calculation with a national expected proportion of 12.6 oral cancers per 100,000: a confidence coefficient of 95% (a significance level of 0.05), an absolute precision of 5%, and bias adjustments.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a></p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The study group included 27 males and 3 females with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity, with a mean age of 50 10.6 years (range, 31–72 years). These oral cancers consisted of 21 tongue tumors, 7 buccal tumors, and 2 lip tumors. Cases with more than grade 2 trismus and tumours extending to the retromolar trigone and posterior one-third part of the tongue were excluded from the study.</p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Each case underwent clinical and radiological evaluation. The majority of cases were in the T2–3 and N0 stages on clinical examination and before radiological examination. All patients were subjected to contrast-enhanced computerised tomography (CECT) within 3 weeks of surgery. IOUS was performed just before taking the patient to the operating room. The sonologist was blinded to the depth of invasion assessed through computerised tomography (CT scan).</p><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0075">Intra oral ultrasonography (IOUS)</span><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Each patient underwent intraoral ultrasound pre-operatively on the day of surgery by a sonologist with more than ten years of experience in ultrasonography. The intra oral ultrasonography was performed with GE LOGIQ P6 ultrasound machine (GE Health care, USA). A transvaginal probe of frequency 5−13 MHz with a rubber cover (Condom) filled with gel (to avoid air bubbles) was used for all intraoral ultrasonography while a linear probe of frequency 8−13 MHz with dimensions of 82 × 1.5 mm was used for the neck although, evaluation of buccal and lip lesion was also augmented by a linear probe in cases with trismus to avoid any error through unintentional left over area of the lesion during IOUS. The probe was kept perpendicular over the surface of the lesion with maximum interface and light pressure so that the morphology of the lesion was not altered. The tongue was examined in the anatomical position inside the oral cavity proper. The hypoechoic lesion was identified and assessed at different points to find the deepest point of invasion. A reference line was drawn over the frozen image of the sonography on the screen, extending from one normal mucosal surface to the other (excluding the proliferative part lying above the normal mucosal surface which otherwise will depict tumor thickness). Another perpendicular line was drawn from the reference line to the deepest point of invasion of the tumor, which was taken as the clinical depth of invasion (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#fig0005">Fig. 1 and 2</a>). The proliferative part of the tumor lying above the normal mucosal reference line was excluded</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0080">Computerized tomography</span><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Computerized tomography was performed on patients using GE LightSpeed VCT 64 (GE Heath Care, USA) by a radiologist with more than 10 years of experience in computerized tomography. Study group had CT scan within a mean interval of 9.4 ± 5.71 days before surgery. The depth of invasion was assessed similar to the method used in ultrasonography.</p></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0085">Surgery</span><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The surgeon was blinded to the depth of invasion assessed on IOUS and CT scan. Surgeon also assessed the depth of invasion with clinical palpation just before excision of the tumor. However; surgical excision was performed according to the final TNM stage based on radiological findings due to ethical considerations.</p><p id="par1050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The depth of invasion assessed by clinical palpation, intraoral ultrasound and CT scan was compared with the depth of invasion assessed on the histopathological examination (HPE) of the surgically excised tumor. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of each modality were calculated based on three parameters of invasion depth. The first parameter was to find the accuracy based on the error rate of each modality in finding the depth of invasion.</p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">It was calculated as</p><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Accuracy: 100 − Error rate</p><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Where; Error rate is: (Modality observed depth of invasion – Depth of invasion on histopathology) × 100 Depth of invasion on histopathology</p><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Another parameter was based on depth of invasion more than 4 mm which is the parameter for elective neck dissection. The depth of invasion more than 4 mm on histopathology was taken as reference to mark the case as positive.</p><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The third assessment was based on DOI more than 10 mm. The DOI greater than 10 mm on HPE was taken as reference to mark the case as positive.</p></span></span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0090">Results</span><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The study had 30 cases of squamous cell carcinoma. The primary cancer site was the lip in 2 (6.7%) cases, the buccal mucosa in 7 (23.3%) cases, and the tongue in 21 (70%). All patients underwent intraoral sonography and computerised tomography.</p><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The mean DOI assessed by clinical palpation, IOUS, CT scan, and HPE in all 30 cases was 13.0667 ± 6.30234 (median: 10 mm; range: range: 5−25 mm), 11.49 ± 5.64 mm (median: 11.15 mm; range: 2.7–26), 14.75 7.47 mm (median: 13; range: 2.15–30), and 8.68 ± 4.83 mm (median: 8; range: 2–22), respectively while site specific mean DOI is shown in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>. The Friedman test with Bonferroni correction (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">Table 2</a>) found a significant difference between clinical palpation, CT scan, and HPE, indicating that the DOI assessed through clinical and CT scan was not comparable to the DOI assessed on HPE. However, IOUS and HPE didn’t show any statistical difference thereby indicating IOUS to be better tool in assessment of dept of invasion. All the variables had significant correlation with histopathology (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#fig0015">Fig. 3–5</a>). Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient between HPE and clinical palpation was R = 0.613 (95% CI 0.112−0.700, p value <0.001), HPE and IOUS was R = 0.582 (95% CI 0.273−0.787, p value = 0.001), HPE and CECT was R = 0.584 (95% CI 0.260−0.770, p value <0.001).</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0010"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0015"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0020"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0025"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The IOUS and CT scan accurately staged the tumours based on depth of invasion in 15 (50%) and 9 (30%) cases, respectively. IOUS and CT scans under-staged the tumour in four cases each. None of the patients complained of any discomfort during IOUS.</p><span id="sec0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0095">Overall diagnostic accuracy</span><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Clinical palpation, IOUS and CT scans had mean errors of 4.52 mm, 2.8 mm and 6.07 mm, respectively, in the assessment of depth of invasion. This led to a marked difference in the means of accuracy of 24.86%, 74.24% and 10% for the clinical palpation, IOUS and CT scan, respectively.</p></span><span id="sec0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0100">Prediction of depth of invasion more than 4 mm</span><p id="par0095" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The data was analysed to determine the predictability of invasion depths less than and greater than 4 mm. Histopathological depth of invasion greater than 4 mm was taken as a reference to mark a case positive for elective neck dissection. Both the IOUS and CT scan were found suitable for the detection of DOI greater than 4 mm. Both these modalities had comparable precision and accuracy (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0015">Table 3</a>).</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0015"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0045" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0105">Prediction of DOI more than 10 mm</span><p id="par0100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The data was analysed to determine the accuracy of IOUS and CT scan in detecting DOI greater than 10 mm. Although the CT scan was more sensitive, we discovered that the IOUS was more precise and accurate in assessing DOI greater than 10 mm (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0015">Table 3</a>).</p></span></span><span id="sec0050" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0110">Discussion</span><p id="par0105" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Oral cavity cancer is the eighth most common malignancy globally and the third most common malignancy in Southeast Asia, with a male predominance.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a> Because overall survival decreases with advanced disease, early diagnosis and treatment are necessary.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9</span></a> Accurate preoperative staging of oral cavity cancer is essential for counselling, optimal treatment, and outcome.</p><p id="par0110" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In 2018, the 8th Edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) revised the TNM classification of oral cancers and included depth of invasion alongside tumour size due to its significant impact on locoregional metastasis and overall survival outcome.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0050"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10–12</span></a></p><p id="par0115" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Apart from predicting the locoregional metastasis and overall survival, the DOI has implications for the treatment of the primary tumour as well.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11</span></a> Hence, preoperative assessment of the DOI is necessary to plan the surgery, especially in cases without obvious nodal metastasis.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0060"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12</span></a> It is well established that tumours with a DOI of more than 4 mm have a significant risk of occult neck metastasis. These cases require elective neck dissection and postoperative radiation.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11–14</span></a> All these factors support the importance of an accurate measurement of DOI before or during surgery.</p><p id="par0120" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Commonly, DOI is assessed with a CT or MRI scan. However, these modalities have limitations in terms of accuracy, cost, and timing. Baba et al.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0075"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15</span></a> retrospectively reviewed 21 of 139 patients who underwent radical surgery for primary oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma between 2009 and 2018. They evaluated the correlation of the pathological DOI with the DOIs on the CT and MRI scans. They found that DOI measured by CT scan correlated with and better approximated pathological DOI in comparison to MRI. Wiech et al.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0080"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16</span></a> reviewed the DOI assessed through CT and MRI scans in 121 patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma. They found that CT and MRI scans overestimated the histopathological findings, especially DOI less than 5 mm. Half of the cases were upstaged by CT and MRI scans. In comparison, we found that IOUS and CT scanning upstaged four cases each. Yoon et al.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0085"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a> performed a prospective study in 26 patients with tongue cancer before they performed intraoperative IOUS and compared it with a preoperative CT scan. They discovered that the CT scan was less reliable for determining invasion depths less than 10 mm. A recent meta-analysis of twelve studies by Marcello Scotti et al.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0090"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span></a> found good accuracy of MRI and CT scans in the assessment of DOI and tumour thickness in the preoperative workup of oral cancer. In small lesions, the IOUS gave an advantage over others.</p><p id="par0125" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Iida et al.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> examined the lesion ultrasonographically with the patient protruding the tongue, which was gently held with gauze on the contralateral side. They found IOUS acceptably accurate, like histopathology in the assessment of superficial cancers. In the present study, we observed that this position alters the tongue musculature and hence changes the depth of invasion. We kept the tongue in its anatomical position so that movement of the tongue and opening of the mouth did not change the depth, and we eliminated observer-dependent bias by using a single radiologist throughout the study.</p><p id="par0130" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Filauro et al.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> evaluated the ability of MRI and IOUS to detect DOI in oral cancer. They evaluated 10 cases with MRI, another 10 cases with IOUS, and 30 cases with both modalities. MRI and IOUS had a sensitivity of 100% each, a specificity of 73% and 47%, a positive predictive value of 86% and 72%, a negative predictive value of 100% each, and an accuracy of 90% and 78%, respectively. Noorlag et al.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a> did intraoral ultrasonography in oral cancers and estimated the depth of invasion accurately up to 10 mm, but lesions with invasion greater than 10 mm were underestimated.</p><p id="par0135" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The present study found a statistically significant difference between clinical palpation, CT scan, and HPE whereas IOUS and HPE didn’t have any difference. This indicates IOUS to be a better tool than clinical palpation and CT scan in the assessment of DOI. Further, IOUS had a lower mean error rate in DOI measurement than CT scan (2.8 mm vs. 6.07 mm), indicating IOUS to be more accurate than CT scan. It is well known that formalin shrinks the excised tissue, and hence this statistical difference could be less or negligible due to this confounding factor as the DOI assessed through histopathology is higher than the actual value. Aside from that, the low cost and repeatability of IOUS make it a better modality for measuring invasion depth, which could be useful during surgery to ensure an adequate resection margin. IOUS assessed the depth of invasion greater than 10 mm more precisely (76.47% PPV) as compared to a CT scan (50% PPV), whereas it had comparable precision in assessing the depth of invasion greater than 4 mm. The overall accuracy of IOUS was also comparable or even better than that of a CT scan. A meta-analysis by Klein Nulent et al.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0095"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19</span></a> found a high correlation between tumour thickness measured by IOUS and histopathology. They concluded that IOUS is very accurate in its assessment of tumour thickness and can help surgery achieve tumour-free margins. Similarly, Takamura et al.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0100"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20</span></a> found IOUS to be more accurate than CT and MRI in the assessment of the DOI in 48 subjects with T1 and T2 squamous cell tongue cancer. Rocchetta et al.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0105"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21</span></a> evaluated the efficacy of IOUS in 32 patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma. IOUS had a sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 93.1%, 100%, and 100%, respectively. They concluded that IOUS had potential in the assessment of DOI in oral cancers.</p><p id="par0140" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Currently, CT and MRI scans are the preferred diagnostic procedures for oral malignancies. They aid in determining the extent of tumours, bone loss, and nodal dissemination. Sonography is rapid, non-invasive, and safe, but CT and MRI have a lot of drawbacks in terms of cost, radiation exposure, and contrast toxicity. Kumar et al.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0110"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">22</span></a> conducted a similar study in 50 patients with T1-T3 tongue cancer. They found IOUS a better and reliable tool than clinical palpation or MRI in the assessment of depth of invasion in tongue cancerIn the current investigation, we discovered that IOUS was more precise and had less applicability restrictions.</p><p id="par0145" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">IOUS offers considerable promise for properly determining the depth of invasion, which can be helpful in surgery for achieving tumour-free surgical margins, despite its drawbacks. In a pilot research, Yoon et al.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> used real-time IOUS-guided tumour excision during surgery for tongue cancer. The DOI determined by preoperative CT scan, intraoperative IOUS, and HPE were compared. They compared DOI measured by preoperative CT scan, intraoperative IOUS, and HPE. They found a strong correlation between IOUS and histopathological assessment of tumour thickness and depth of invasion in comparison to a preoperative CT scan. They concluded that IOUS is a reliable tool for real-time assessment of tongue cancer. Bulbul et al.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0115"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">23</span></a> compared tongue cancer cases operated under IOUS guidance to cases operated without IOUS in a retrospective case-control study. The IOUS group had better deep margin surgical clearance in comparison to the non-IOUS group; however, it didn’t show any statistically significant difference.</p><p id="par0150" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">To conclude, a small sample size and confounding factor like tumor specimen shrinkage were the major limitations of the study. However, the present study found significant differences in clinical palpation and CT scan with HPE, whereas IOUS had comparable results to HPE. The lower error rate of IOUS showed that it is a reliable tool for assessment of depth of invasion, and this advantage can provide an advantage in achieving the tumour-free margin in oral surgery. However, surgeons need to have good experience in IOUS; otherwise, it’s advisable to perform surgery in the presence of an experienced sonologist and undergo hands-on training in IOUS before putting this into clinical practice.</p></span><span id="sec0055" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0115">Authors contributions</span><p id="par0155" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">All authors (DS, JST, NA, RKA, RSM, MSV) contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by Divyanshi Singh, Jagdeep Thakur, MS Vasanthalakshmi. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Divyanshi Singh and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.</p></span><span id="sec0060" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0120">Ethical approval</span><p id="par0160" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors assert that all procedures contributing to this work comply with the ethical standards of the relevant national and institutional (Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, HP. India) guidelines on human experimentation and with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975, as revised in 2008. The study was approved by the Indira Gandhi medical college Ethical committee (approval number HFW (MC-II) B(12) ETHICS/2020-17734 dated 03/11/2020).</p></span><span id="sec0065" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0125">Conflict of interest</span><p id="par0165" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">None to declare by all authors.</p></span><span id="sec0070" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0130">Financial disclosures</span><p id="par0170" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">None to declare by all authors.</p></span><span id="sec0075" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0135">Consent to participation and publish</span><p id="par0175" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">All subjects have given written informed consent to participate and publish the study.</p></span><span id="sec0080" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0140">Availability of data and material</span><p id="par0180" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The datasets used and analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.</p></span><span id="sec0085" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0145">Declaration of generative AI and AI-assisted technologies in the writing process</span><p id="par0185" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">During the preparation of this work the authors used Free Grammar Checker - QuillBot AI and Paraphrasing Tool - QuillBot AI in order to check English language errors. After using this tool/service, the author(s) reviewed and edited the content as needed and take full responsibility for the content of the publication. The Google Translate (<a href="https://translate.google.com">https://translate.google.com</a>) was used for the language (Spanish) translation for title, abstract and key words. The content of translation could not be verified by the authors.</p></span></span>" "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [ "secciones" => array:16 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "xres2243322" "titulo" => "Abstract" "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0005" "titulo" => "Objective" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0010" "titulo" => "Material and methods" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0015" "titulo" => "Results" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0020" "titulo" => "Conclusion" ] ] ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xpalclavsec1876336" "titulo" => "Keywords" ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "xres2243321" "titulo" => "Resumen" "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0025" "titulo" => "Objetivo" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0030" "titulo" => "Material y métodos" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0035" "titulo" => "Resultados" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0040" "titulo" => "Conclusión" ] ] ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xpalclavsec1876335" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" ] 4 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0005" "titulo" => "Introduction" ] 5 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "sec0010" "titulo" => "Materials and methods" "secciones" => array:3 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0015" "titulo" => "Intra oral ultrasonography (IOUS)" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0020" "titulo" => "Computerized tomography" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0025" "titulo" => "Surgery" ] ] ] 6 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "sec0030" "titulo" => "Results" "secciones" => array:3 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0035" "titulo" => "Overall diagnostic accuracy" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0040" "titulo" => "Prediction of depth of invasion more than 4 mm" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0045" "titulo" => "Prediction of DOI more than 10 mm" ] ] ] 7 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0050" "titulo" => "Discussion" ] 8 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0055" "titulo" => "Authors contributions" ] 9 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0060" "titulo" => "Ethical approval" ] 10 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0065" "titulo" => "Conflict of interest" ] 11 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0070" "titulo" => "Financial disclosures" ] 12 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0075" "titulo" => "Consent to participation and publish" ] 13 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0080" "titulo" => "Availability of data and material" ] 14 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0085" "titulo" => "Declaration of generative AI and AI-assisted technologies in the writing process" ] 15 => array:1 [ "titulo" => "References" ] ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "2023-07-30" "fechaAceptado" => "2024-01-15" "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [ "en" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Keywords" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec1876336" "palabras" => array:4 [ 0 => "Oral cancer" 1 => "Ultrasonography" 2 => "Computerized tomography" 3 => "Neoplasm invasion" ] ] ] "es" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec1876335" "palabras" => array:4 [ 0 => "Cáncer bucal" 1 => "Ultrasonografía" 2 => "Tomografía computarizada" 3 => "Invasión de neoplasias" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:2 [ "en" => array:3 [ "titulo" => "Abstract" "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Objective</span><p id="spar0065" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">To determine the precision and accuracy of intraoral sonography in assessing the depth of invasion in oral cancer.</p></span> <span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Material and methods</span><p id="spar0070" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A prospective study was conducted in 30 cases of oral cancer. Subjects were subjected to computerised tomography and intraoral sonography before surgery. The depth of invasion assessed through clinical palpation and radiological tools was compared with surgical histopathology.</p></span> <span id="abst0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0020">Results</span><p id="spar0075" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The depth of invasion assessed on clinical palpation and computerized tomography had statistically significant difference with histopathology whereas intraoral sonography didn’t show any difference. The intraoral sonography and computerised tomography had comparable precision and accuracy, with a slight dominance of the computerised tomography in assessing the tumor's depth of invasion greater than 4 mm. However, intraoral sonography was more precise and accurate than computerised tomography in assessing the depth of invasion beyond 10 mm.</p></span> <span id="abst0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Conclusion</span><p id="spar0080" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Intraoral sonography was found to be a reliable tool in the assessment of the depth of invasion in oral cancer. It can prove beneficial during surgery in achieving tumour-free surgical margins.</p></span>" "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0005" "titulo" => "Objective" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0010" "titulo" => "Material and methods" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0015" "titulo" => "Results" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0020" "titulo" => "Conclusion" ] ] ] "es" => array:3 [ "titulo" => "Resumen" "resumen" => "<span id="abst0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Objetivo</span><p id="spar0085" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Determinar la precisión y exactitud de la ecografía intraoral para evaluar la profundidad de la invasión en el cáncer oral.</p></span> <span id="abst0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">Material y métodos</span><p id="spar0090" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se realizó un estudio prospectivo en 30 casos de cáncer bucal. Los sujetos fueron sometidos a una tomografía computarizada y una ecografía intraoral antes de la cirugía. La profundidad de la invasión evaluada mediante palpación clínica y herramientas radiológicas se comparó con la histopatología quirúrgica.</p></span> <span id="abst0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0045">Resultados</span><p id="spar0095" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La profundidad de la invasión evaluada mediante palpación clínica y tomografía computarizada tuvo diferencias estadísticamente significativas con la histopatología, mientras que la ecografía intraoral no mostró ninguna diferencia. La ecografía intraoral y la tomografía computarizada tuvieron precisión y exactitud comparables, con un ligero predominio de la tomografía computarizada en la evaluación de la profundidad de invasión del tumor superior a 4 mm. Sin embargo, la ecografía intraoral fue más precisa y exacta que la tomografía computarizada para evaluar la profundidad de la invasión más allá de 10 mm.</p></span> <span id="abst0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0050">Conclusión</span><p id="spar0100" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se encontró que la ecografía intraoral es una herramienta confiable en la evaluación de la profundidad de la invasión en el cáncer oral. Puede resultar beneficioso durante la cirugía para lograr márgenes quirúrgicos libres de tumores.</p></span>" "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0025" "titulo" => "Objetivo" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0030" "titulo" => "Material y métodos" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0035" "titulo" => "Resultados" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0040" "titulo" => "Conclusión" ] ] ] ] "multimedia" => array:8 [ 0 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 1576 "Ancho" => 2091 "Tamanyo" => 233700 ] ] "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at0005" "detalle" => "Figure " "rol" => "short" ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Intra oral ultrasound performed through a transvaginal probe depicts an irregular hypoechoic mass involving right lateral border of tongue with proliferative and invasive component. The reference mucosal line is marked as ‘1’ while line ‘2’ measure the DOI downwards up to ‘x’. The ‘3’ line shows the proliferative component of the tumor.</p>" ] ] 1 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "fig0010" "etiqueta" => "Figure 2" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr2.jpeg" "Alto" => 1576 "Ancho" => 2091 "Tamanyo" => 262565 ] ] "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at0010" "detalle" => "Figure " "rol" => "short" ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Ultrasound performed externally through a linear probe depicts an irregular tumor of left buccal mucosa with proliferative and invasive component. The reference mucosal line is marked as ‘1’ while line ‘3’ measure the DOI downwards up to ‘x’. The ‘2’ line shows the proliferative component of the tumor. Line ‘4’ measure the tumor thickness.</p>" ] ] 2 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "fig0015" "etiqueta" => "Figure 3" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr3.jpeg" "Alto" => 1193 "Ancho" => 1508 "Tamanyo" => 43790 ] ] "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at0015" "detalle" => "Figure " "rol" => "short" ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Spearman’s correlation between clinical palpation and histopathology.</p>" ] ] 3 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "fig0020" "etiqueta" => "Figure 4" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr4.jpeg" "Alto" => 1153 "Ancho" => 1508 "Tamanyo" => 37613 ] ] "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at0020" "detalle" => "Figure " "rol" => "short" ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Spearman’s correlation between intraoral sonography and histopathology.</p>" ] ] 4 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "fig0025" "etiqueta" => "Figure 5" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr5.jpeg" "Alto" => 1022 "Ancho" => 1508 "Tamanyo" => 35007 ] ] "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at0025" "detalle" => "Figure " "rol" => "short" ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Spearman’s correlation between CT scan and histopathology.</p>" ] ] 5 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "tbl0005" "etiqueta" => "Table 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at0030" "detalle" => "Table " "rol" => "short" ] ] "tabla" => array:1 [ "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " rowspan="2" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Depth of invasion in millimeters (mm)</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="2" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Lip (n:2)</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="2" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Buccal (n:7)</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="2" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Tongue (n:21)</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Mean \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Error (HPE DOI: 6.50 ± 4.95) (in mm) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Mean \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Error (HPE DOI: 6.71 ± 5.56) (in mm) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Mean \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Error (HPE DOI: 9.55 ± 4.55) (in mm) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Clinical \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">11.4 ± 0.778 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">4.95 ± 4.17 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">9.84 ± 5.36 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.314 ± 6.43 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">12.3 ± 5.98 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">2.78 ± 4.98 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Computerized Tomography \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">13.0 ± 0.00 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">6.50 ± 4.95 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">8.96 ± 6.20 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">2.24 ± 2.71 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">16.9 ± 7.27 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">7.30 ± 6.73 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Ultrasonography \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">17.5 ± 10.6 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">11 ± 5.66 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">8.29 ± 3.90 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1.57 ± 2.44 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">14.4 ± 6.58 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">4.88 ± 6.76 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab3655350.png" ] ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Site specific mean depth of invasion assessed through various modalities and mean error in comparison to depth of invasion on histopathological examination (HPE DOI).</p>" ] ] 6 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "tbl0010" "etiqueta" => "Table 2" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at0035" "detalle" => "Table " "rol" => "short" ] ] "tabla" => array:1 [ "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="7" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Friedman test: Two-way analysis of variance</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Clinical palpation(CP) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="3" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Intraoral ultrasonography(IOUS)</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Computerized Tomography(CT) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Histopathology(HPE) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Mean Ranks \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">3.22 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="3" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">2.82</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">3.95 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1.75 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " colspan="7" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Ranks summary: Number: 30; Test statistics: 33.169; Degree of freedom 4; Significance.000</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">CP-HPE \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">CP-IOUS \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">CP-CT \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">CT-IOUS \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">CT-HPE \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">IOUS-HPE \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Z \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1.467 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">−0.4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">−0.733 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">−1.133 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">2.2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1.067 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Significance (2-tailed) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.003 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1.00 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.724 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">.055 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">.000 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.09 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab3655351.png" ] ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Friedman test. (Each column tests the null hypothesis that the Sample 1 and Sample 2 distributions are the same. Asymptotic significances (2-sided tests) are displayed. The significance level is 0.05. Significance values have been adjusted by the Bonferroni correction for multiple tests).</p>" ] ] 7 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "tbl0015" "etiqueta" => "Table 3" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at0040" "detalle" => "Table " "rol" => "short" ] ] "tabla" => array:2 [ "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">True Positive (TP): Depth of invasion ≥4 mm/>10 mm on both histopathology and intraoral sonography or computerized tomography.</p><p id="spar0050" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">True negative (TN): DOI Depth of invasion less than 4 mm/10 mm on both histopathology and intraoral sonography or computerized tomography.</p><p id="spar0055" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">False Positive (FP): Depth of invasion ≥4 mm/≥10 mm on intraoral sonography or computerized tomography but less than 4 mm on histopathology.</p><p id="spar0060" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">False Negative (FN): Depth of invasion less than 4 mm/10 mm on intraoral sonography or computerized tomography but ≥4 mm/≥10 mm on histopathology.</p>" "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="4" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Intraoral ultrasonography</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="4" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Computerized tomography</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col">Depth of invasion ≥4 mm \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col">Depth of invasion <4 mm \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col">Depth of invasion ≥10 mm \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col">Depth of invasion <10 mm \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col">Depth of invasion ≥4 mm \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col">Depth of invasion <4 mm \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col">Depth of invasion >10 mm \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col">Depth of invasion <10 mm \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col">25 (TP) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col">2 (FP) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col">13 (TP) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col">6 (FP) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col">27 (TP) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col">2 (FP) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col">12 (TP) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col">13 (FP) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">2 (FN) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">1 (TN) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">0 (FN) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">11 (TN) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">0 (FN) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">1 (TN) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">1(FN) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">5 (TN) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Sensitivity \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">92.59% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">100% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">100% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">92.3% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Specificity \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">33.33% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">64.7% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">33.33% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">29.4% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Precision/Positive Predictive Value \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">92.59% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">76.47% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">93.1% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">50% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Negative Predictive Value \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">33.33% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">100% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">100% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">83.33% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Accuracy \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">86.66% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">80% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">93.33% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">56.66% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab3655349.png" ] ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Precision and accuracy of intraoral ultrasonography and computerized tomography.</p>" ] ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0005" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:23 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0005" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Comparison of intraoperative sonography and histopathologic evaluation of tumor thickness and depth of invasion in oral tongue cancer: a pilot study" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "B.C. Yoon" 1 => "M.D. Bulbul" 2 => "P.M. Sadow" 3 => "W.C. Faquin" 4 => "H.D. Curtin" 5 => "M.A. Varvares" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.3174/ajnr.A6625" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "AJNR Am J Neuroradiol" "fecha" => "2020" "volumen" => "41" "paginaInicial" => "1245" "paginaFinal" => "1250" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32554422" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0010" "etiqueta" => "2" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Intraoral ultrasonography in the assessment of DOI in oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma: a comparison with magnetic resonance and histopathology" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "M. Filauro" 1 => "F. Missale" 2 => "F. Marchi" 3 => "A. Iandelli" 4 => "A.L.C. Carobbio" 5 => "F. Mazzola" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1007/s00405-020-06421-w" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol" "fecha" => "2021" "volumen" => "278" "paginaInicial" => "2943" "paginaFinal" => "2952" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33084951" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0015" "etiqueta" => "3" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Is it time to incorporate’ depth of infiltration’ in the T staging of oral tongue and floor of mouth cancer?" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => "C. Piazza" 1 => "N. Montalto" 2 => "A. Paderno" 3 => "V. Taglietti" 4 => "P. Nicolai" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1097/MOO.0000000000000038" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg" "fecha" => "2014" "volumen" => "22" "paginaInicial" => "81" "paginaFinal" => "89" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24504225" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0020" "etiqueta" => "4" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Tumour infiltration depth ≥4 mm is an indication for an elective neck dissection in pT1cN0 oral squamous cell carcinoma" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "L.J. Melchers" 1 => "E. Schuuring" 2 => "B.A. van Dijk" 3 => "G.H. de Bock" 4 => "M.J. Witjes" 5 => "B.F. van der Laan" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.oraloncology.2011.11.007" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Oral Oncol" "fecha" => "2012" "volumen" => "48" "paginaInicial" => "337" "paginaFinal" => "342" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22130455" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 4 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0025" "etiqueta" => "5" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Depth of invasion in superficial oral tongue carcinoma quantified using intraoral ultrasonography" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "Y. Iida" 1 => "T. Kamijo" 2 => "K. Kusafuka" 3 => "K. Omae" 4 => "Y. Nishiya" 5 => "N. Hamaguchi" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1002/lary.27305" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Laryngoscope" "fecha" => "2018" "volumen" => "128" "paginaInicial" => "2778" "paginaFinal" => "2782" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30325049" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 5 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0030" "etiqueta" => "6" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Assessment of tumour depth in early tongue cancer: accuracy of MRI and intraoral ultrasound" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "R. Noorlag" 1 => "T.J.W. Klein Nulent" 2 => "V.E.J. Delwel" 3 => "F.A. Pameijer" 4 => "S.M. Willems" 5 => "R. de Bree" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:3 [ "tituloSerie" => "Oral Oncol" "fecha" => "2020" "volumen" => "110" ] ] ] ] ] ] 6 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0035" "etiqueta" => "7" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Cancer statistics, 2020: report from national cancer registry program, India" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "P. Mathur" 1 => "K. Sathishkumar" 2 => "M. Chaturvedi" 3 => "P. Das" 4 => "K.L. Sudarshan" 5 => "S. Santhappan" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1200/GO.20.00122" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "JCO Glob Oncol" "fecha" => "2020" "volumen" => "6" "paginaInicial" => "1063" "paginaFinal" => "1075" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32673076" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 7 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0040" "etiqueta" => "8" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Screening programmes for the early detection and prevention of oral cancer" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => "O. Kujan" 1 => "A.M. Glenny" 2 => "R.J. Oliver" 3 => "N. Thakker" 4 => "P. Sloan" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:4 [ "tituloSerie" => "Cochrane Database Syst Rev" "fecha" => "2006" "volumen" => "19" "numero" => "3" ] ] ] ] ] ] 8 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0045" "etiqueta" => "9" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Importance of tumor thickness and depth of invasion in nodal involvement and prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma: a review of the literature" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "M. Pentenero" 1 => "S. Gandolfo" 2 => "M. Carrozzo" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Head Neck" "fecha" => "2005" "volumen" => "27" "paginaInicial" => "1080" "paginaFinal" => "1091" ] ] ] ] ] ] 9 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0050" "etiqueta" => "10" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Oral squamous cell carcinoma: histologic risk assessment, but not margin status, is strongly predictive of local disease-free and overall survival" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "M. Brandwein-Gensler" 1 => "M.S. Teixeira" 2 => "C.M. Lewis" 3 => "B. Lee" 4 => "L. Rolnitzky" 5 => "J.J. Hille" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1097/01.pas.0000149687.90710.21" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Am J Surg Pathol" "fecha" => "2005" "volumen" => "29" "paginaInicial" => "167" "paginaFinal" => "178" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15644773" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 10 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0055" "etiqueta" => "11" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Prognostic factors of clinically stage I and II oral tongue carcinoma-A comparative study of stage, thickness, shape, growth pattern, invasive front malignancy grading, Martinez-Gimeno score, and pathologic features" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "A. Po Wing Yuen" 1 => "K.Y. Lam" 2 => "L.K. Lam" 3 => "C.M. Ho" 4 => "A. Wong" 5 => "T.L. Chow" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1002/hed.10094" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Head Neck" "fecha" => "2002" "volumen" => "24" "paginaInicial" => "513" "paginaFinal" => "520" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12112547" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 11 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0060" "etiqueta" => "12" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Correlating the depth of invasion at specific anatomic locations with the risk for regional metastatic disease to lymph nodes in the neck for oral squamous cell carcinoma" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "H.C. Brockhoff 2nd" 1 => "R.Y. Kim" 2 => "T.M. Braun" 3 => "C. Skouteris" 4 => "J.I. Helman" 5 => "B.B. Ward" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1002/hed.24724" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "Head Neck" "fecha" => "2017" "volumen" => "39" "paginaInicial" => "974" "paginaFinal" => "979" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28236366" "web" => "Medline" ] ] "itemHostRev" => array:3 [ "pii" => "S0193953X16300156" "estado" => "S300" "issn" => "0193953X" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 12 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0065" "etiqueta" => "13" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Elective neck dissection in T1N0M0 oral squamous cell carcinoma: when is it necessary?" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "Z. Feng" 1 => "A. Cheng" 2 => "S. Alzahrani" 3 => "B. Li" 4 => "Z. Han" 5 => "B.B. Ward" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.joms.2020.06.037" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Oral Maxillofac Surg" "fecha" => "2020" "volumen" => "78" "paginaInicial" => "2306" "paginaFinal" => "2315" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32730759" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 13 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0070" "etiqueta" => "14" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Depth of invasion in early-stage oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma: the optimal cut-off value for elective neck dissection" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "C.G.F. van Lanschot" 1 => "Y.P. Klazen" 2 => "M.A.J. de Ridder" 3 => "H. Mast" 4 => "I. Ten Hove" 5 => "J.A. Hardillo" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:3 [ "tituloSerie" => "Oral Oncol" "fecha" => "2020" "volumen" => "111" ] ] ] ] ] ] 14 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0075" "etiqueta" => "15" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Usefulness of contrast-enhanced CT in the evaluation of depth of invasion in oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma: comparison with MRI" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "A. Baba" 1 => "H. Ojiri" 2 => "S. Ogane" 3 => "K. Hashimoto" 4 => "T. Inoue" 5 => "M. Takagiwa" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1007/s11282-020-00429-y" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Oral Radiol" "fecha" => "2021" "volumen" => "37" "paginaInicial" => "86" "paginaFinal" => "94" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32086730" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 15 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0080" "etiqueta" => "16" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Measurement variations of MRI and CT in the assessment of tumor depth of invasion in oral cancer: A retrospective study" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "T. Waech" 1 => "S. Pazahr" 2 => "V. Guarda" 3 => "N.J. Rupp" 4 => "M.A. Broglie" 5 => "G.B. Morand" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:4 [ "tituloSerie" => "Eur J Radiol" "fecha" => "2021" "volumen" => "135" "numero" => "109480" ] ] ] ] ] ] 16 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0085" "etiqueta" => "17" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Comparison between computed tomography and ultrasound for presurgical evaluation of oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma tumor thickness" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "B.C. Yoon" 1 => "K. Buch" 2 => "M.E. Cunnane" 3 => "P.M. Sadow" 4 => "M.A. Varvares" 5 => "A.F. Juliano" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:4 [ "tituloSerie" => "Am J Otolaryngol" "fecha" => "2021" "volumen" => "42" "numero" => "103089" ] ] ] ] ] ] 17 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0090" "etiqueta" => "18" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Accuracy of MRI, CT, and Ultrasound imaging on thickness and depth of oral primary carcinomas invasion: a systematic review" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => "F. Marcello Scotti" 1 => "R.T. Stuepp" 2 => "K. Leonardi Dutra-Horstmann" 3 => "F. Modolo" 4 => "M. Gusmão Paraiso Cavalcanti" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:2 [ "tituloSerie" => "Dentomaxillofac Radiol" "fecha" => "2022" ] ] ] ] ] ] 18 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0095" "etiqueta" => "19" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Intraoral ultrasonography to measure tumor thickness of oral cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "T.J.W. Klein Nulent" 1 => "R. Noorlag" 2 => "E.M. Van Cann" 3 => "F.A. Pameijer" 4 => "S.M. Willems" 5 => "A. Yesuratnam" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.oraloncology.2017.12.007" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Oral Oncol" "fecha" => "2018" "volumen" => "77" "paginaInicial" => "29" "paginaFinal" => "36" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29362123" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 19 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0100" "etiqueta" => "20" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "A comparative study between CT, MRI, and intraoral US for the evaluation of the depth of invasion in early stage (T1/T2) tongue squamous cell carcinoma" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "M. Takamura" 1 => "T. Kobayashi" 2 => "Y. Nikkuni" 3 => "K. Katsura" 4 => "M. Yamazaki" 5 => "S. Maruyama" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Oral Radiol" "fecha" => "2022" "volumen" => "38" "paginaInicial" => "114" "paginaFinal" => "125" ] ] ] ] ] ] 20 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0105" "etiqueta" => "21" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Preoperative evaluation of tumor depth of invasion in oral squamous cell carcinoma with intraoral ultrasonography: a retrospective study" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "F. Rocchetti" 1 => "G. Tenore" 2 => "A. Montori" 3 => "A. Cassoni" 4 => "V. Cantisani" 5 => "M. Di Segni" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol" "fecha" => "2021" "volumen" => "13" "paginaInicial" => "130" "paginaFinal" => "138" "itemHostRev" => array:3 [ "pii" => "S1098301519300579" "estado" => "S300" "issn" => "10983015" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 21 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0110" "etiqueta" => "22" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Depth of invasion in carcinoma tongue: evaluation of clinical and imaging techniques [published online ahead of print, 2023 May 30]" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "R. Kumar" 1 => "M.P. Sherif" 2 => "S. Manchanda" 3 => "A. Barwad" 4 => "P. Sagar" 5 => "M.A. Khan" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1002/lary.30791" "Revista" => array:3 [ "tituloSerie" => "Laryngoscope." "fecha" => "2023" "itemHostRev" => array:3 [ "pii" => "S089543561500308X" "estado" => "S300" "issn" => "08954356" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 22 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0115" "etiqueta" => "23" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "The utility of intra-oral ultrasound in improving deep margin clearance of oral tongue cancer resections" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "M.G. Bulbul" 1 => "O. Tarabichi" 2 => "A.S. Parikh" 3 => "B.C. Yoon" 4 => "A. Juliano" 5 => "P.M. Sadow" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:3 [ "tituloSerie" => "Oral Oncol" "fecha" => "2021" "volumen" => "122" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "url" => "/00016519/0000007500000005/v1_202409160746/S0001651924000086/v1_202409160746/en/main.assets" "Apartado" => array:4 [ "identificador" => "5852" "tipo" => "SECCION" "es" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Artículos originales" "idiomaDefecto" => true ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" ] "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/00016519/0000007500000005/v1_202409160746/S0001651924000086/v1_202409160746/en/main.pdf?idApp=UINPBA00004N&text.app=https://www.elsevier.es/" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0001651924000086?idApp=UINPBA00004N" ]
Journal Information