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Inicio Acta Otorrinolaringológica Española Clinical profile, otologic, and auditory outcomes in patients with Down syndrome
Journal Information
Vol. 75. Issue 5.
Pages 296-303 (September - October 2024)
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Vol. 75. Issue 5.
Pages 296-303 (September - October 2024)
Original article
Clinical profile, otologic, and auditory outcomes in patients with Down syndrome
Perfil clínico, resultados otológicos y auditivos en niños con síndrome de Down
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6
Joan Lorente-Piera
Corresponding author
jlorentep@unav.es

Corresponding author.
, Raquel Manrique-Huarte, Manuel Manrique, Francisco Javier Cervera-Paz
Departamento de Otorrinolaringología, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
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Tables (2)
Table 1. Summary of the demographic characteristics of the patients included in the study.
Table 2. Summary of the results measured as pre- and post-treatment mean tonal thresholds (dB) in each diagnostic group, as well as the gains obtained.
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Abstract
Introduction and objectives

Even though the incidence has decreased in recent years, Down syndrome (DS) remains the most common chromosomal disorder today. Despite being a condition with multisystemic involvement, it often tends to affect the head and neck area, making it a frequent reason for consultation with pediatric otolaryngologists or otologists. The purpose of this work is to be one of the first in Spain to characterize and describe the pathology and therapeutic approach typically provided to these patients, analyzing the evolution from a clinical and auditory perspective.

Material and methods

We aim to analyze a sample of 16 pediatric patients recruited over the past 24 years, diagnosed with Down syndrome, and experiencing a wide range of diseases affecting the ear and its auditory function.

Results

62.50% of the patients were women, whose main reason for seeking specialist care was acute and serous otitis media, accounting for 31.25%. These patients have an indication for treatment for various entities within the otological sphere that usually do not differ from those of a healthy child. However, the evolution and response to treatments can take on a torpid character due to the anatomical characteristics of the ears of these patients.

Conclusions

Although the frequency of children with DS in the pediatric otolaryngologist's clinic is decreasing, these patients have a predisposition to ear diseases with auditory repercussions, with variable evolution depending on the disease and the child's intrinsic characteristics.

Keywords:
Down syndrome
Hearing loss
Otitis
Cochlear implant
Pediatric otolaryngology
Resumen
Introducción y objetivos

Si bien la incidencia ha decaído estos últimos años, la cromosomopatía más frecuente hoy en día, sigue siendo el síndrome de Down (SD). A pesar de que esta enfermedad tiene una afectación multisistémica, es frecuente que tienda a afectar al área de cabeza y cuello, siendo especialmente un motivo de consulta del otorrinolaringólogo u otólogo pediátrico. La intención de este trabajo es ser uno de los primeros en España en caracterizar y describir la patología y enfoque terapéutico que se les suele proporcionar a estos pacientes, analizando la evolución desde un punto de vista clínico y auditivo.

Material y métodos

Pretendemos analizar una muestra de 16 pacientes en edad pediátrica reclutados los últimos 24 años, diagnosticados de síndrome de Down, que padecen un amplio abanico de enfermedades que comprometen el oído y su función auditiva.

Resultados

Un 62.50% de los pacientes fueron mujeres, cuya causa principal para atender al especialista fueron con un 31.25% otitis medias serosas y agudas. Estos pacientes tienen una indicación al tratamiento a las distintas entidades de la esfera otológica que no acostumbras a diferir del niño sano. Sin embargo, la evolución y respuesta a los tratamientos puede adquirir un carácter tórpido por las características anatómicas de los oídos de estos pacientes.

Conclusiones

Aunque la frecuencia con la que se atienden niños con SD en la consulta del otorrinolaringólogo infantil, presenta una tendencia a la baja, estos pacientes tienen una gran predisposición a padecer enfermedades del oído con repercusión auditiva, con evolución variable dependiendo de la enfermedad y de las características intrínsecas del niño.

Palabras clave:
Síndrome de Down
Hipoacusia
Otitis
Implante coclear
Otorrinolaringología infantil

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