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Inicio Acta Otorrinolaringológica Española Laryngeal chondrosarcoma, a 30-year series
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Original article
Available online 30 September 2024
Laryngeal chondrosarcoma, a 30-year series
Condrosarcoma laríngeo, una serie de 30 años
Patrícia Fernandes Lopesa,
Corresponding author
andreialopes10@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, Joana Nascimentob, Gustavo Rochac, Catarina Tinocod, Ana Hebed, Pedro Montalvãod, Miguel Magalhãesd
a Hospital Central do Funchal, Ilha da Madeira, Portugal
b Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central, Lisboa, Portugal
c Hospital Prof. Dr. Fernando Fonseca, Sintra, Portugal
d Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisboa, Portugal
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Table 1. Symptoms associated with laryngeal chondrosarcoma.
Abstract
Introduction and objectives

Laryngeal chondrosarcoma is a rare laryngeal pathology arising from cartilaginous structures and is predominantly found in the cricoid cartilage. This study investigates its presentation, treatment modalities and patient outcomes.

Patients or materials and methods

Retrospective study of laryngeal chondrosarcoma cases followed from 1992 to 2022 in the Otorhinolaryngology department of a cancer center - Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa. Statistical analysis was made with Microsoft Excel® and SPSS®.

Results

We identified 16 cases, of which two-thirds were male, with an average age of 59.6 years, and only 24% of them had a history of smoking. The commonest presentation was indolent dysphonia and/or dyspnea, and the posterior arch of the cricoid cartilage was the most affected place. Although histopathological studies after biopsy were often inconclusive, surgery emerged as the first-line of treatment for all patients. Larynx microsurgery with lesion debulking was the most frequent surgical approach (47%) followed by partial laryngectomy (24%). Neither adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) nor chemotherapy was administered in any of the cases. There was residual tumor in 23% of the cases so half of these patients were in watchful waiting while the other part underwent further microsurgery or total laryngectomy. Only one patient with recurrence received RT. Disease-specific survival rate at 1 and 5 years was 97% and 91%, respectively.

Conclusion

Laryngeal chondrosarcoma etiology is still unknown and is effectively treated with surgery, with a generally favorable prognosis. The main concern lies in its propensity to relapse, highlighting the importance of watchful follow-up.

Keywords:
Larynx
Chondrosarcoma
Chondroma
Cancer
Resumen
Introducción y objetivos

El condrosarcoma, una patología laríngea rara que surge de estructuras cartilaginosas, se encuentra predominantemente en el cartílago cricoides. Este estudio investiga la presentación, modalidades de tratamiento y resultados de pacientes con condrosarcoma laríngeo en un centro de cáncer en Lisboa, Portugal.

Pacientes o materiales y métodos

Estudio retrospectivo de casos de condrosarcoma laríngeo seguidos desde 1992 hasta 2022 en el departamento de Otorrinolaringología de un centro de cáncer - el Instituto Portugués de Oncología de Lisboa. El análisis estadístico se realizó con Microssoft Excel® y SPSS®.

Resultados

Entre los casos identificados, dos tercios eran hombres, con una edad promedio de 59.6 años y solo el 24% tenía antecedentes de tabaquismo. Los pacientes comúnmente presentaban disfonía indolente y/o disnea, y el sitio de origen primario era el arco posterior del cartílago cricoides. Aunque los estudios histopatológicos posteriores a la biopsia eran frecuentemente inconclusos, la cirugía emergió como el tratamiento de primera línea para todos los pacientes. La microcirugía laríngea con debulking de la lesión fue el enfoque quirúrgico más frecuente (47%), seguido de la laringectomía parcial (24%). No se administró radioterapia (RT) ni quimioterapia adyuvante en ningún caso. Después de la cirugía, el 23% tenía tumores residuales; la mitad optó por la espera vigilante, mientras que la otra mitad se sometió a uma nueva microcirugía o laringectomía total. Solo un paciente con recurrencia recibió RT. Las tasas de supervivencia específica de la enfermedad a 1 y 5 años fueron del 97% y 91%, respectivamente.

Conclusión

Los condrosarcomas laríngeos, caracterizados por su rareza y etiología desconocida, se tratan eficazmente con cirugía, lo que generalmente ofrece un pronóstico favorable. La preocupación principal radica en su propensión a la recaída, enfatizando la importancia de un seguimiento postoperatorio vigilante.

Palabras clave:
Laringe
Condrosarcoma
Condroma
Cáncer

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