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Inicio Acta Otorrinolaringológica Española Real-world outcomes on quality-of-life improvement in patients with nasal polypo...
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Uncorrected Proof. Available online 23 September 2024
Real-world outcomes on quality-of-life improvement in patients with nasal polyposis treated with mepolizumab. RINOSUR study
Resultados en vida real sobre la mejoría en la calidad de vida de los pacientes con poliposis nasal tratados con mepolizumab. Estudio RINOSUR
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Juan Maza-Solanoa,
Corresponding author
, Juan Aguilar-Cantadorb, María Dolores Noguerol-Pérezc, María Soledad Sánchez-Toricesd, María Jesús Martínez-Martíneze, María José Gámiz-Marotof
a Unidad de Rinología y Cirugía de base de cráneo anterior, Servicio de Otorrinolaringología, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena de Sevilla, Departamento de cirugía de la Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
b Unidad de Rinología, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
c Servicio de Otorrinolaringología, Hospital Universitario Juan Ramón Jiménez, Huelva, Spain
d Servicio de Otorrinolaringología, Hospital Universitario de Jaén, Jaén, Spain
e Servicio de Otorrinolaringología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
f Unidad de Rinología y Base de Cráneo anterior, Hospital Universitario Torrecárdenas, Almería, Spain
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Table 1. Baseline distribution of the variables.
Table 2. Comparison of the results of the different series reported for the treatment of CRSwNP with Mepolizumab.
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Absract

Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is characterized by nasal obstruction, reduced sense of smell, rhinorrhea, and facial pain for more than 12 weeks, significantly affecting quality of life (QoL), especially in patients with NSAID-exacerbated respiratory disease (NERD). Initial treatment includes intranasal corticosteroids and nasal irrigations, followed by systemic corticosteroids (SC) in severe cases, as well as endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) and biological agents. Mepolizumab, a monoclonal antibody against IL-5, has been shown to reduce eosinophilic inflammation in CRSwNP. This study evaluates the improvement in quality of life of patients with CRSwNP treated with mepolizumab before December 2023, recorded by the RINOSUR group.

A retrospective observational multicenter cohort study is presented in adult patients with severe asthma and concomitant CRSwNP, treated with mepolizumab 100 mg. Variables such as sex, asthma, allergies, NERD, corticosteroid dependence, and serum eosinophil count were recorded. All patients underwent nasal endoscopy and completed the SNOT22 questionnaire. Therapeutic response was evaluated at 12 months.

Out of 143 patients recruited, only 28.6% had the necessary data. 61% were women with a mean age of 55 years. All were corticosteroid-dependent and had required at least one ESS. A 22% reduction in SC cycles was observed, and no patient required revision surgery in the 12 months following treatment. The SNOT22 score was reduced by 53 points, and serum eosinophilia also showed a significant decrease.

Mepolizumab is effective in treating severe uncontrolled CRSwNP, improving QoL and reducing dependence on systemic corticosteroids. Its activity is monitored by peripheral blood eosinophilia. Consistency in data collection is crucial to evaluate efficacy and manage the disease.

Keywords:
Nasal polyposis
Mepolizumab
Interleukin 5
Endoscopic sinus surgery
Resumen

La rinosinusitis crónica con pólipos nasales (RSCcPN) se caracteriza por obstrucción nasal, disminución del sentido del olfato, rinorrea y dolor facial durante más de 12 semanas, afectando significativamente la calidad de vida (CdV), especialmente en pacientes con enfermedad respiratoria exacerbada por AINEs (EREA). El tratamiento inicial comprende corticoides intranasales y lavados nasales, seguidos por corticoides sistémicos (CS) en casos severos, así como cirugía endoscópica nasosinusal (CENS) y fármacos biológicos. Mepolizumab, un anticuerpo monoclonal contra la IL-5, ha demostrado reducir la inflamación eosinofílica en RSCcPN. Este estudio evalúa la mejora en la calidad de vida de pacientes con RSCcPN tratados con mepolizumab antes de diciembre de 2023, registrado por el grupo RINOSUR.

Se presenta un estudio de cohorte retrospectivo observacional multicéntrico en pacientes adultos asmáticos graves con RSCcPN concomitante, tratados con mepolizumab 100 mg. Se registraron variables como sexo, asma, alergias, EREA, corticodependencia y recuento eosinofílico sérico. Todos los pacientes se sometieron a una endoscopia nasal y completaron el cuestionario SNOT22. La respuesta terapéutica se evaluó a los 12 meses.

De 143 pacientes reclutados, solo el 28.6% contaban con los datos necesarios. El 61% eran mujeres con una edad media de 55 años. Todos eran corticodependientes y habían necesitado al menos una CENS. Se observó una reducción del 22% en los ciclos de CS y ningún paciente requirió cirugía de revisión en los 12 meses posteriores al tratamiento. La puntuación SNOT22 se redujo en 53 puntos y la eosinofilia sérica también mostró una disminución significativa.

Mepolizumab es efectivo para tratar la RSCcPN grave no controlada, mejorando la CdV y reduciendo la dependencia a corticoides sistémicos. Su actividad se controla mediante la monitorización de eosinofilia en sangre periférica. La consistencia en la recogida de datos es crucial para evaluar la eficacia y controlar la enfermedad.

Palabras clave:
Poliposis nasal
Mepolizumab
Interleucina 5
Cirugía endoscópica nasosinusal

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