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Vol. 61. Issue 5.
Pages 351-357 (January 2010)
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Vol. 61. Issue 5.
Pages 351-357 (January 2010)
Oncologic and functional results of surgical treatment for base of tongue carcinomas
Resultados oncológicos y funcionales del tratamiento quirúrgico de los carcinomas de base de lengua
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Juan Pablo Díaz Molina
Corresponding author
chescadoc@yahoo.com

Corresponding author.
, Juan Pablo Rodrigo, José Luis Llorente, César Álvarez Marcos, Carla Moreno, Carlos Suárez
Servicio de Otorrinolaringología, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
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Abstract
Introduction and objectives

Squamous cell carcinomas at the base of the tongue are usually diagnosed at advanced stages, and their optimal treatment has not been established. The aim of this study was to describe the functional and oncological outcomes of patients with base of tongue carcinomas treated with surgery.

Materials and methods

A retrospective study on 132 patients with base of tongue carcinoma surgically treated in our hospital between 1990 and 2007 was carried out. One patient (0.75%) was in stage I, 8 (6%) were in stage II, 15 (11%) in stage III, 91 (69%) in stage IVA, and 17 (13%) with stage IVB. A total of 92 (70%) patients received postoperative radiotherapy.

Results

Eighty-seven patients (66%) had recurrence: 23 patients (17%) had local recurrence, 15 (11%) regional, 20 (15%) locoregional, 16 (12%) locoregional and distant, and 9 (7%) distant metastases. The disease-specific survival was 34% at 5 years (100% for stages I and II, 44% for stage III, 28% for stage IVA and 12% for IVB; P=.0004). Multivariate analysis showed two variables independently associated with worse survival: lymph node metastases classified as N2–3 (P=.016) and primary tumours classified as T3–4 (P=.040). Adequate oral intake was achieved by 96% of the patients and 79% could be decannulated.

Conclusions

The prognosis of squamous cell carcinomas of the base of the tongue is poor, especially in advanced stages. Surgical treatment provides oncological and functional results similar to other therapeutic modalities.

Keywords:
Base of tongue carcinoma
Glossectomy
Resumen
Introducción y objetivos

Los carcinomas epidermoides de base de lengua son habitualmente diagnosticados en estadios avanzados, no habiéndose establecido el tratamiento óptimo de los mismos. El objetivo de este estudio es describir los resultados funcionales y oncológicos de los pacientes con carcinomas de base de lengua tratados mediante cirugía.

Material y métodos

Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo en 132 pacientes con carcinomas de base de lengua tratados quirúrgicamente en nuestro Hospital entre 1990–2007. Un paciente (0,75%) se hallaba en estadio I, 8 (6%) en estadio II, 15 (11%) en estadio III, 91 (69%) en estadio IVA, y 17 (13%) en estadio IVB; 92 (70%) de los pacientes recibieron radioterapia postoperatoria.

Resultados

Ochenta y siete pacientes (66%) presentaron algún tipo de recidiva: 23 pacientes (17%) recidiva local, 15 (11%) regional, 20 (15%) loco-regional, 16 (12%) loco-regional y a distancia, y 9 (7%) metástasis a distancia. La supervivencia específica para la enfermedad fue del 34% a los 5 años (del 100% para los estadios I y II, del 44% para el estadio III, del 28% para el estadio IVA y del 12% para el IVB: p=0,0004). El análisis multivariante mostró 2 variables asociadas de forma independiente con una peor supervivencia: las metástasis linfáticas clasificadas como N2–3 (p=0,016) y los tumores primarios clasificados como T3–4 (p=0,040). El 96% de los pacientes consiguieron alimentación oral, y el 79% pudieron ser decanulados.

Conclusiones

El pronóstico de los carcinomas epidermoides de base de lengua en estadios avanzados es pobre. El tratamiento quirúrgico obtiene unos resultados funcionales y oncológicos similares a los de otras modalidades terapéuticas.

Palabras clave:
Tumores epidermoides de base de lengua
Glosectomía

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