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Vol. 59. Issue 6.
Pages 263-268 (January 2008)
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Vol. 59. Issue 6.
Pages 263-268 (January 2008)
Original articles
Pectoralis Major Flaps. Evolution of Their Use in the Age of Microvascularized Flaps
Colgajo de pectoral mayor: evolución de su uso en la era de los colgajos microanastomosados
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David Virós Porcunaa,
Corresponding author
Dviros@santpau.es

Correspondence: Servicio de Otorrinolaringología. Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau. Avda. San Antoni M. Claret, 167. 08025 Barcelona. España.
, Xavier León Vintróa, Monserrat López Vilasa, Albert Pujol Olmoa, Jaume Masià Ayalab, Miquel Quer Agustía
a Servicio de Otorrinolaringología, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
b Servicio de Cirugía Plástica y Reparadora, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
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Abstract
Introduction

Oncological head and neck surgery has progressed with the possibility of adapting reconstruction to the surgery effected. In the last 30 years, 2 basic techniques have been developed: the pectoralis major myocutaneous flaps (PMMF) and microvascularized flaps. PMMF had a leading role in reconstruction surgery during the 1980s, but this has subsequently diminished in favour of microvascularized flaps.

Material and method

A review was conducted on 351 reconstructive surgeries in 317 patients, of which 275 were PMMF and 76 free flaps. We analyzed age, gender, flap type, indication, and year of the surgery in all cases.

Results

34% of the revised flaps were used for reconstruction of the hypopharynx, 33% for the oropharynx, 21% for soft tissues, and 12% for the repair of pharyngealcutaneous fistulae. At our hospital, the introduction of the free flap technique from 2001 on has led to an increase in the use of reconstructive procedures as well as the replacement of PMMF by microvascularized flaps in a number of indications.

Conclusions

In this age of microvascularized flaps, we believe that PMMF still has a privileged role in the repair of hypopharynx and cervical lesions. However, in such locations as the oral cavity or oropharynx and in facial soft tissue reconstruction we prefer the use of microvascularized flaps.

Key words:
Pectoralis major myocutaneous flap
Head and neck reconstruction
Free flaps
Oropharynx
Hypopharynx
Resumen
Introducción

La cirugía oncológica de cabeza y cuello ha ido avanzando a medida que se ha podido ofrecer una reconstrucción adaptada al acto quirúrgico. En los últimos 30 años se han desarrollado 2 técnicas fundamentales: el colgajo pediculado de pectoral mayor (CMPM) y los colgajos microanastomosados. El CMPM tuvo un papel preeminente en los años ochenta, y con posterioridad su uso disminuyó de forma progresiva a favor de los colgajos microanastomosados.

Resultados

De los colgajos revisados: el 34% fueron de reconstrucción de hipofaringe; el 33%, de orofaringe; el 21%, de reparación de partes blandas, y el 12%, de reparación de fístulas faringocutáneas. La incorporación en el uso de colgajos libres a partir del año 2001 ha supuesto en nuestro centro el incremento en el uso de procedimientos reconstructivos, así como la sustitución para una serie de indicaciones del CMPM por colgajos microanastomosados.

Conclusiones

En la era de los colgajos libres, creemos que el CMPM sigue manteniendo un lugar privilegiado para la reconstrucción de la hipofaringe y defectos de la región cervical. Sin embargo, actualmente, en determinadas localizaciones, como la cavidad oral y la orofaringe y en defectos de las partes blandas faciales, preferimos el uso de colgajos microanastomosados para la reconstrucción.

Palabras clave:
Colgajo miocutáneo de pectoral mayor
Reconstrucción de cabeza y cuello
Colgajos libres
Orofaringe
Hipofaringe

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