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Inicio Actas Urológicas Españolas Efecto terapéutico de Mitomicina C en el postoperatorio inmediato de pacientes ...
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Vol. 32. Issue 9.
Pages 894-903 (January 2008)
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Vol. 32. Issue 9.
Pages 894-903 (January 2008)
Efecto terapéutico de Mitomicina C en el postoperatorio inmediato de pacientes con tumores vesicales no músculo invasores de riesgo intermedio
Therapeutic Effect of Mitomycin C in the Immediate Postoperative Period in Patients with Intermediate-Risk Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Tumors.
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A. Jalón Monzón1,a, J.M. Fernández Gómeza, S. Escaf Barmadah*,a, M. Álvarez Múgicaa, J.L. Martín Benitoa, F.J. Regadera Sejasa
* Servicio de Urología. Hospital de Jove. Asturias. Actas Urol Esp. 2008;32(9):894-903
a Servicio de Urología-1. Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias. Servicio de Urología. Hospital de Jove. Asturias. Actas Urol Esp. 2008;32(9):894-903
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Resumen
Introducción

Aproximadamente del 70-85% de los carcinomas de células transicionales de vejiga no invaden la muscular propia. La recidiva después de la cirugía se cifra en un 60-90% de pacientes, siendo el periodo de alto riesgo los dos primeros años. La causa fundamental de recidiva en tumores de riesgo intermedio podría ser la inestabilidad del urotelio, por lo que la instilación única de un quimioterápico después de la RTU podría considerarse insuficiente, recomendándose un tratamiento diferido asociado con mantenimiento en algunos casos.

Pacientes y Métodos

Estudio prospectivo, controlado y randomizado. Sólo se incluyeron pacientes con tumores vesicales no músculo-invasores de grado intermedio. Todos los pacientes fueron sometidos inicialmente a RTU y posteriormente randomizados para recibir Mitomicina C (MMC) postoperatoria en dosis única.

Resultados

Se incluyeron 105 pacientes. La media de seguimiento fue de 22,70±8,15 meses. Se administró MMC en 53 pacientes, de los cuales el 66% no recidivó y el 34% lo hicieron como tumor vesical no invasor. De los 52 pacientes que no recibieron MMC, el 53,8% no recidivaron, el 44,2% recidivaron como tumor no invasor y sólo un caso recurrió como tumor invasor. En cuanto al tiempo libre de enfermedad, no se encontraron diferencias significativas en los que se empleó MMC postoperatoria o tratamiento diferido. Sólo existió un caso de mielosupresión.

Discusión

En tumores no músculo invasores de medio riesgo, diversos estudios sugieren que una instilación intravesical inmediata de un quimioterápico disminuye el riesgo de recidiva después de la RTU. No hemos logrado demostrar diferencias significativas al comparar la MMC postoperatoria frente a las instilaciones diferidas tradicionales.

Palabras clave:
No músculo-invasor
Cáncer vesical
Terapia intravesical
Quimioterapia
Mitomicina C
Abstract
Introduction

Approximately 70-85% of transitional bladder cell carcinomas are non-muscle-invasive. After an initial surgery, around 60-90% will have a recurrence, being the highest risk period the first two years. Urothelium instability could be the main reason for recurrence in mid grade tumours, reason why a single dose of a chemotherapy after transurethral resection of the bladder (TURB) might be insufficient. That is why a deferred therapy in occasions associated with maintenance is recommended.

Patients and methods

A prospective, controlled and randomized study was performed. We included non-muscle-invasive mid risk bladder tumours. All patients had initially a TURB performed and were randomized to receive a single dose of mitomycin C (MMC), in the immediate postoperative period.

Results

A total of 105 patients were included. Mean follow-up was 22, 70±8, 15 months. MMC was administered to 53 patients. Of these 66, 0% had no recurrence and 34,0% had a non-muscle-invasive recurrence. Of the 52 patients in the non MMC group, 53,8% had no recurrence and 44,2% had a non-muscle-invasive recurrence and only 1 patient had a muscleinvasive progression. We did not find significantly differences in time to recurrence in mid risk tumours when using immediate postoperative single dose of MMC or deferred therapy. There was only one case of myelosuppression.

Discussion

In mid risk non-muscle-invasive tumors, some studies suggest that early intravesical instillation of chemotherapy reduces the risk of recurrence after TURB. We could not show significantly differences when comparing postoperatorive MMC versus traditional deferred instillations.

Keywords:
Non muscle-invasive
Bladder cancer
Intravesical therapy
Chemotherapy
Mitomycin C

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