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Inicio Actas Urológicas Españolas Hematomas renales tras litotricia extracorpórea con el litotriptor “lithostar...
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Vol. 24. Issue 1.
Pages 19-23 (January 2000)
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Vol. 24. Issue 1.
Pages 19-23 (January 2000)
Hematomas renales tras litotricia extracorpórea con el litotriptor “lithostar multiline de siemens”
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J.A. Gallego sánchez1, G. Ibarlucea gonzález, M. Gamarra quintanilla, J. Guisasola, C. Bernuy malfaz
Servicio de Urología. Hospital de Galdakao. Bilbao (Vizcaya).
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Resumen
Objetivo

Los hematomas renales tras litotricia extracorpórea por ondas de choque representan una complicación inmediata y potencialmente grave. Analizamos los casos de hematoma renal post-ESWL con el nuevo litotriptor Lithosthar Multiline de Siemens, intentando conocer la incidencia, los factores predisponentes y la clínica de presentación.

Material y métodos

Entre Enero y Diciembre de 1998 se han realizado un total de 1.313 sesiones de litotricia extracorpórea por ondas de choque, sobre litiasis alojadas a cualquier nivel del tracto urinario en 686 pacientes. Los tratamientos fueron realizados con el litotriptor Lithostar Multiline (Generador Electromagnético). La potencia aplicada osciló entre 4-9 unidades, que son etapas de energía en base a tensión de carga en Kv, picos de presión en bares y densidad de flujo energético en mJ/mm2, con una media de 3.800 impulsos/sesión. Ante la sospecha clínica de complicaciones se realizó estudio radiológico (ecografía-tomografía).

Resultados

Se diagnosticaron un total de 7 hematomas renales clínicos (1,02%). En la mayoría de los casos se tomó una actitud conservadora. En un caso debido a la inestabilidad hemodinámica que presentó el paciente fue preciso intervención quirúrgica, evacuando el hematoma y realizando hemostasia de la unidad renal sin que fuera preciso realizar nefrectomía. Como factores predisponentes destacamos la presencia de HTA, ESWL previa e hipercolesterolemia, confluyendo en ocasiones varios factores en un mismo paciente.

Conclusiones

Debemos sospechar la presencia de un hematoma renal ante un dolor continuado o no justificado tras el tratamiento con ESWL. Es preciso corregir los posibles trastornos de la coagulación, descartar infección urinaria y control de las cifras tensionales.

Palabras clave:
Litotriptor-Lithostar Multiline
Hematomas renales
Abstract
Objective

Renal haematomas after extracorporeal shockwave lithotrity are an immediate and potentially serious complication. The incidence of post-ESWL renal haematoma with the new Siemens’ Lithostar Multiline lithotripter is analyzed in an attempt to know its occurrence, predisposing factors and presentations signs and symptoms.

Material and methods

Between January and December 1998, a total of 1313 extracorporeal shockwave lithotrity sessions were performed on lithiasis located at any level of the urinary tract in 686 patients. Treatment were performed with a Lithostar Multiline lithotripter (electromagnetic generator). The power used ranged from 4 to 9 units, which are power steps based on load tension in Kv, pressure peaks in bars and energy flow density in mJ/mm2, with an average of 3800 pulses/session. A radiological study (ultrasoundtomography) was conducted when faced with clinical suspicion of complications.

Results

A total of 7 clinical renal haematomas (1.02%) were diagnosed. A conservative attitude was taken in most cases. One patient presented hemodynamic instability and required surgery to empty the haematoma and haemostasia of the renal unit, though no nephrectomy was finally required. As predisposing factors: presence of HBP, prior ESWL and hypercholesterolemia are all emphasized. In rare cases several factors concurred simultaneously in the same patient.

Conclusions

Renal haematoma should be suspected in the presence of continuous or unjustified pain after ESWL treatment. Any likely coagulation disorder should be corrected, urinary infections ruled out and pressure figures controlled.

Key words:
Lithostar Multiline Lithotripter
Renal haematoma

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