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Vol. 26. Issue 6.
Pages 420-424 (January 2002)
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Vol. 26. Issue 6.
Pages 420-424 (January 2002)
Hemorragia suprarrenal masiva bilateral tras cirugía tumoral conservadora en el istmo de un riñón en herradura
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A. Sousa Escandóna, A. Mateos*,1,a, F. Sánchez**,a, A. González***,a, R.M.D. García***,a, J.M.J. Pérez****,a, J.R. Pulpeiro*****,a, C.M.D. Uribarria
* Servicio de Medicina Interna
** Cirugía General
*** Servicio de Radiología
**** Servicio de Patología. Hospital Comarcal de Monforte. Lugo
***** Servicio de Radiología. Hospital Xeral-Calde. Lugo
a Servicio de Urología
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Resumen
Objetivos

Presentación de un caso fatal de hemorragia suprarrenal masiva bilateral (HSMB) tras nefrectomía parcial.

Casos Clínicos

Varón de 82 años en tratamiento con anticoagulantes orales que es diagnosticado mediante TAC y arteriografía de una tumoración prácticamente avascular situada en el istmo de un riñón en herradura. Se realizó tumorectomía con margen de seguridad diagnosticándose un adenocarcinoma renal necrosado casi completamente. Durante el postoperatorio presentó un cuadro de dolor abdominal, nauseas, fiebre, hipotensión y severo distress respiratorio. Los estudios bioquímicos mostraron una leve hiponatremia y azoemia, acompañadas de anemia, leucocitosis y trombocitosis. El TAC abominopélvico demostró una HSMB que desencadenó la muerte poco después.

Discusión

La patología tumoral de los riñones en herradura presenta importantes diferencias topográficas y anatomo-patológicas con respecto a los riñones no fusionados. La HSMB es una rara complicación de procesos de stress especialmente si coexiste consumo de anticoagulantes. El tratamiento debe iniciarse precozmente, es decir, tan pronto exista una sospecha diagnóstica que deberá ser confirmada mediante determinación hormonal y/o presencia de lesiones hiperdensas suprarrenales en el TAC.

Palabras clave:
Tumor en herradura
Carcinoma renal
Necrosis tumoral
Hemorragia adrenal
Complicación quirúrgica
Abstract
Objetives

To present a fatal case of massive bilateral suprarrenal haemorrhage (MBSH) after partial nefrectomy.

Clinical Cases

An 82 year old male treated with oral anticoagulants was diagnosed by means of CT scan and arteriography of having an avascular tumor located at the istmus of a horseshoe kidney. A tumorectomy with safety surgical margins was performed; It was diagnosed of having a renal adenocarcinoma, which was almost completely necrotic. During the postoperative period, the patient presented abdominal pain, nausea, fever, hypotension and severe respiratory distress. Biochemical studies showed mild hyponatremia and azoemia, accompanied by anemia, leucocytosis and trombocitosis. An abdominal CT scan demonstrated a MBSH, which produced the patients death soon afterwards.

Discussion

Tumoral pathology of horseshoe kidneys presents important topographic and anatomopathologic differences with respect to non-fused kidneys. MBSH is a rare complication of many stress processes especially if an anticoagulant treatment coexists. The treatment has to be iniciated as soon as we suspect MBSH, which should be confirmed by hormonal determinations and/or the presence of hyperdense suprarrenal lesions at the CT scan.

Key words:
Horseshoe kidney
Renal carcinoma
Tumoral necrosis
Adrenal haemorrhage
Surgical complication

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