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array:24 [ "pii" => "S2173578619300897" "issn" => "21735786" "doi" => "10.1016/j.acuroe.2019.03.013" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2019-10-01" "aid" => "1174" "copyright" => "AEU" "copyrightAnyo" => "2019" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Actas Urol Esp. 2019;43:425-30" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 1 "HTML" => 1 ] "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "es" => array:19 [ "pii" => "S0210480619300750" "issn" => "02104806" "doi" => "10.1016/j.acuro.2019.03.009" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2019-10-01" "aid" => "1174" "copyright" => "AEU" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Actas Urol Esp. 2019;43:425-30" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 52 "formatos" => array:2 [ "HTML" => 30 "PDF" => 22 ] ] "es" => array:13 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Artículo original</span>" "titulo" => "Resultados de LEOCH con o sin catéter para el tratamiento de cálculos en la pelvis renal: un estudio aleatorizado" "tienePdf" => "es" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "es" "tieneResumen" => array:2 [ 0 => "es" 1 => "en" ] "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "425" "paginaFinal" => "430" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "en" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Effect of JJ stent on outcomes of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy treatment of moderate sized renal pelvic stones: A randomized prospective study" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:2 [ "es" => true "en" => true ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "es" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "es" => true ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figura 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 2470 "Ancho" => 2508 "Tamanyo" => 423911 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "es" => "<p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Diagrama de flujo, de acuerdo con las guías CONSORT de 2010.</p>" ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "O. Yazici, A. Kafkasli, A. Erbin, M. Bilal Hamarat, A. Cubuk, O. Sarilar, K. Sarica" "autores" => array:7 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "O." "apellidos" => "Yazici" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "A." "apellidos" => "Kafkasli" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "A." "apellidos" => "Erbin" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "M." "apellidos" => "Bilal Hamarat" ] 4 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "A." "apellidos" => "Cubuk" ] 5 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "O." "apellidos" => "Sarilar" ] 6 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "K." "apellidos" => "Sarica" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "en" => array:9 [ "pii" => "S2173578619300897" "doi" => "10.1016/j.acuroe.2019.03.013" "estado" => "S300" "subdocumento" => "" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2173578619300897?idApp=UINPBA00004N" ] ] "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0210480619300750?idApp=UINPBA00004N" "url" => "/02104806/0000004300000008/v1_201910021034/S0210480619300750/v1_201910021034/es/main.assets" ] ] "itemSiguiente" => array:19 [ "pii" => "S2173578619300873" "issn" => "21735786" "doi" => "10.1016/j.acuroe.2019.01.011" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2019-10-01" "aid" => "1166" "copyright" => "AEU" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Actas Urol Esp. 2019;43:431-8" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "en" => array:13 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Original article</span>" "titulo" => "Elastic fusion biopsy versus systematic biopsy for prostate cancer detection: Results of a multicentric study on 1119 patients" "tienePdf" => "en" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en" "tieneResumen" => array:2 [ 0 => "en" 1 => "es" ] "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "431" "paginaFinal" => "438" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Evaluación de la biopsia de fusión elástica vs. biopsia sistemática para la detección del cáncer de próstata: resultados de un estudio multicéntrico en 1.119 pacientes" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:2 [ "en" => true "es" => true ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 3425 "Ancho" => 2462 "Tamanyo" => 301961 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A: Detection of PCa and csPCa on target plus systematic biopsies (A and B) and on target biopsies only (C and D) and relationship between Gleason score and PI-RADS score (E).</p>" ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "M. Oderda, G. Marra, S. Albisinni, E. Altobelli, E. Baco, V. Beatrici, M. Dellabella, J.L. Descotes, D. Eldred-Evans, G. Fasolis, M. Ferriero, G. Fiard, A. Giacobbe, P. Kumar, V. Lacetera, P. Mozer, G. Muto, R. Papalia, A. Peltier, T. Piechaud, T. Pierangeli, G. Simone, J.B. Roche, M. Roupret, P. Gontero" "autores" => array:25 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "M." "apellidos" => "Oderda" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "G." "apellidos" => "Marra" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "S." "apellidos" => "Albisinni" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "E." "apellidos" => "Altobelli" ] 4 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "E." "apellidos" => "Baco" ] 5 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "V." "apellidos" => "Beatrici" ] 6 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "M." "apellidos" => "Dellabella" ] 7 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "J.L." "apellidos" => "Descotes" ] 8 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "D." "apellidos" => "Eldred-Evans" ] 9 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "G." "apellidos" => "Fasolis" ] 10 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "M." "apellidos" => "Ferriero" ] 11 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "G." "apellidos" => "Fiard" ] 12 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "A." "apellidos" => "Giacobbe" ] 13 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "P." "apellidos" => "Kumar" ] 14 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "V." "apellidos" => "Lacetera" ] 15 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "P." "apellidos" => "Mozer" ] 16 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "G." "apellidos" => "Muto" ] 17 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "R." "apellidos" => "Papalia" ] 18 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "A." "apellidos" => "Peltier" ] 19 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "T." "apellidos" => "Piechaud" ] 20 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "T." "apellidos" => "Pierangeli" ] 21 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "G." "apellidos" => "Simone" ] 22 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "J.B." "apellidos" => "Roche" ] 23 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "M." "apellidos" => "Roupret" ] 24 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "P." "apellidos" => "Gontero" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "es" => array:9 [ "pii" => "S0210480619300671" "doi" => "10.1016/j.acuro.2019.01.009" "estado" => "S300" "subdocumento" => "" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0210480619300671?idApp=UINPBA00004N" ] ] "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2173578619300873?idApp=UINPBA00004N" "url" => "/21735786/0000004300000008/v1_201910021051/S2173578619300873/v1_201910021051/en/main.assets" ] "itemAnterior" => array:19 [ "pii" => "S2173578619300927" "issn" => "21735786" "doi" => "10.1016/j.acuroe.2019.02.010" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2019-10-01" "aid" => "1158" "copyright" => "AEU" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Actas Urol Esp. 2019;43:419-24" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "en" => array:13 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Original article</span>" "titulo" => "Renal Doppler ultrasound resistive index vs. renal scintigraphy with <span class="elsevierStyleSup">99m</span>Tc-DTPA as diagnostic test for ureteropelvic junction obstruction in children" "tienePdf" => "en" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en" "tieneResumen" => array:2 [ 0 => "en" 1 => "es" ] "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "419" "paginaFinal" => "424" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Ecografía Doppler renal con medición de índices de resistencia vs. gammagrafía renal con <span class="elsevierStyleSup">99m</span>Tc-DTPA para el diagnóstico de estenosis ureteropiélica en niños" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:2 [ "en" => true "es" => true ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0010" "etiqueta" => "Figure 2" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr2.jpeg" "Alto" => 861 "Ancho" => 1635 "Tamanyo" => 138382 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0050" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">ROC curve.</p>" ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "A. Ruiz-Martínez, E. Sierra-Díaz, A.J. Celis-de la Rosa, M.Á. Valenzuela Hernández, M.G. González Flores, M.V. Belmonte Hernández" "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "A." "apellidos" => "Ruiz-Martínez" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "E." "apellidos" => "Sierra-Díaz" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "A.J." "apellidos" => "Celis-de la Rosa" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "M.Á." "apellidos" => "Valenzuela Hernández" ] 4 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "M.G." "apellidos" => "González Flores" ] 5 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "M.V." "apellidos" => "Belmonte Hernández" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "es" => array:9 [ "pii" => "S0210480619300439" "doi" => "10.1016/j.acuro.2019.02.005" "estado" => "S300" "subdocumento" => "" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0210480619300439?idApp=UINPBA00004N" ] ] "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2173578619300927?idApp=UINPBA00004N" "url" => "/21735786/0000004300000008/v1_201910021051/S2173578619300927/v1_201910021051/en/main.assets" ] "en" => array:20 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Original article</span>" "titulo" => "Effect of JJ stent on outcomes of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy treatment of moderate sized renal pelvic stones: A randomized prospective study" "tieneTextoCompleto" => true "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "425" "paginaFinal" => "430" ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "autoresLista" => "O. Yazici, A. Kafkasli, A. Erbin, M. Bilal Hamarat, A. Cubuk, O. Sarilar, K. Sarica" "autores" => array:7 [ 0 => array:4 [ "nombre" => "O." "apellidos" => "Yazici" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "md.ozguryazici@yahoo.com.tr" ] "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">*</span>" "identificador" => "cor0005" ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "A." "apellidos" => "Kafkasli" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "A." "apellidos" => "Erbin" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "M." "apellidos" => "Bilal Hamarat" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>" "identificador" => "aff0015" ] ] ] 4 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "A." "apellidos" => "Cubuk" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">d</span>" "identificador" => "aff0020" ] ] ] 5 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "O." "apellidos" => "Sarilar" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] 6 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "K." "apellidos" => "Sarica" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">d</span>" "identificador" => "aff0020" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Department of Urology, Haseki Training and Research Hospital, Estambul, Turkey" "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Department of Urology, Kucukyali Delta Hospital, Estambul, Turkey" "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] 2 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Department of Urology, Konya Training and Research Hospital, Iconio, Turkey" "etiqueta" => "c" "identificador" => "aff0015" ] 3 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Department of Urology, Dr. Lutfi Kirdar Kartal Training and Research Hospital, Estambul, Turkey" "etiqueta" => "d" "identificador" => "aff0020" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor0005" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "Corresponding author." ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Resultados de LEOCH con o sin catéter para el tratamiento de cálculos en la pelvis renal: un estudio aleatorizado" ] ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 2470 "Ancho" => 2508 "Tamanyo" => 376664 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Flow diagram following the CONSORT 2010 guidelines.</p>" ] ] ] "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0065">Introduction</span><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Following its introduction by Chaussy et al. in 1980, extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) has become the most common treatment modality owing to its efficacy and safety.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0135"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1,2</span></a> Despite the highly successful results reported in the majority of the stones sized<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cm, it is evident that instead of removing the stone completely, SWL fragments stone into pieces of various sizes that must pass the urinary tract spontaneously or with the help of medical expulsive therapy (MET).<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0145"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> Although the majority of these fragments pass spontaneously after SWL, during variable duration of spontaneous passage, some fragments may obstruct the urinary system by causing complications such as renal colic, hydronephrosis (HN), infection, and steinstrasse.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0150"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> Published data clearly demonstrate that these complications occur frequently following the treatment of relatively larger stones. Although its efficacy has been controversial and no agreement has yet been reached, pre-stenting has been commonly used to prevent steinstrasse and other related complications after SWL.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0155"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5,6</span></a> It has also been reported that the use of JJ stents before SWL did not improve final stone-free rates (SFRs).<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0165"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a></p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Many studies showed that SFRs after SWL might be related to both the patient (body mass index; BMI, skin-to-stone distance; SSD), and stone-related factors (location, stone size, and stone density).<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0170"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8–13</span></a> However, the possible effect of pre-stenting on success as well as complication rates after SWL has not been evaluated in detail to date. Taking this fact into account, we believe that the effect of pre-stenting on the outcomes of SWL treatment in renal stones must be evaluated in the absence of possible effects induced by the patient and stone-related factors, as mentioned above.</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In this randomized prospective study, we aimed to evaluate the possible effect of pre-stenting in the absence of other well-studied definite stone and patient-related predictive factors, on SFRs, number of emergency room visits, and analgesic tablet consumption after SWL treatment of relatively larger renal pelvic stones.</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0070">Materials and methods</span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0075">Study design</span><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Between January 2016 and December 2017, a total of 152 adult (age<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>18 years) patients who were planned to undergo SWL for a single radiopaque renal pelvic stone with a largest diameter of 15–25<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm were included in the study. Patients with solitary kidneys, congenital abnormalities, skeletal system abnormalities, previous urinary system surgery, HN (grade 2 or more), untreated urinary tract infection, bleeding disorder, and suspected pregnancy were excluded from the study. The remaining 114 patients were randomly divided into two groups as non-stented (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>67) and stented (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>47). Randomization was performed by flipping a coin. During SWL procedures, 22 patients (13 non-stented and 9 stented) whose stone could not be fragmented despite 3 consecutive sessions were also excluded from the study. A total of 92 patients (54 non-stented and 38 stented) were included in the final analysis. The flow diagram according to the CONSORT 2010 is shown in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig. 1</a>.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0200"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14</span></a></p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">During SWL sessions and after the treatment, the number of emergency department visits and the amount of analgesic consumption were prospectively recorded. Treatment success was accepted as complete stone clearance and was assessed with computed tomography (CT) 4 months after the last SWL session.</p></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0080">Preprocedural evaluation</span><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">All patients were evaluated preoperatively using non-contrast computed tomography (NCCT). Prior to treatment, a complete urine test, if needed urine culture and antibiogram test, simple serum biochemistry and coagulation tests were performed in all patients. The impact of patient-related factors (age, sex, BMI), stone-related factors (laterality, stone size and Hounsfield units; HU), renal parenchymal thickness (RPT), and SSD on fragmentation were analyzed. BMI was calculated by dividing the weight (kg) by the square of the height (m<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>). NCCT with 5-mm contiguous sections at 120<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>kw and 90<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mA was performed in all patients using a multidetector row helical computed tomography (CT) scanner (Somatom Plus; Siemens, Germany). The longitudinal stone dimension was calculated by multiplying collimation thickness and the number of images in which the stone seen. The transverse dimension was chosen as the diameter of stone from the image showing its largest width. The maximum dimension of the stone was accepted as the highest value measured, either the longitudinal or transverse diameter. The average CT attenuation value as the representative HU was measured by drawing a region of interest smaller than the stone in the image showing the stone in the largest dimension. The SSD was calculated by measuring the distance from the skin to the stone at posterolateral 45°. All patients signed an informed consent form for SWL and pre-stenting. Stent size was 4.8 Fr and 26<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cm. Stent was inserted one week before the starting SWL session.</p></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0085">SWL technique</span><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">SWL was performed with an electromagnetic lithotripter Compact Sigma (Dornier Med Tech System GmbH, Wessling, Germany) by the same operator, with the patient in the supine position, and with a standardized treatment angle under both fluoroscopic and ultrasonic guidance. SWL procedures were performed with analgesic application (75<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg diclofenac sodium). If needed, a compression bag was used to decrease stone movement caused by respiration. Each session was completed either after application of a total of 3000 shock waves (at the end of 3rd session maximum total of 9000 shock waves) or when the stone was completely disintegrated. The degree of shock wave power delivered during SWL was recorded as 1 (0.011<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>J per shock wave) to 6 (0.070<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>J per shock wave) and the shock wave frequency was 90/min. Individual power settings were adjusted according to the patient's tolerance. Patients were evaluated 1 week after each session through abdominal kidneys, ureters, and urinary bladder (KUB) X-ray and repeat treatment was performed in cases of inadequate disintegration. Management was stopped when there was no disintegration despite 3 SWL sessions. If the residual fragment size was more than 4<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm, a repeat session was performed; otherwise, SWL was completed. No patients received MET before or after SWL sessions. JJ stents were removed after 4 weeks. In view of the radiographic assessment with NCCT performed 4 months following the last SWL session, treatment results were categorized as either successful or unsuccessfull according to whether there were any residual stone fragments. During SWL sessions and after treatment, the number of emergency department visits and analgesic consumption were recorded.</p></span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0090">Statistical analysis</span><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software version 19 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Descriptive statistics were determined for the mean, standard deviation, lowest and highest, and ratio values. The distribution of the variables was measured using the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test. Univariate (Chi-square or <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">t</span>-test) tests were performed to determine whether there was a statistically significant difference for characteristics between the stented and non-stented groups. If parameters did not show normal dispersion, the Mann–Whitney <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">U</span> test, which is the nonparametric equivalent of the <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">t</span>-test, was performed. The threshold for s<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">tatistical significance was accepted as p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.05 for all analyses.</p></span></span><span id="sec0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0095">Results</span><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Of the 92 patients evaluated, 77 (84%) were men and 15 (16%) were women. Forty-five (49%) had a stone on the right sight and 47 (51%) had a stone on the left side. Forty (43.5%) patients had no HN, 52 (56.5%) patients had grade 1 HN. The mean patient age was 47<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>13 (range, 16–75) years, BMI was 26.3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2.3 (range, 19–31) kg/m<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>, the mean SSD was 97<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>18 (range, 60–150) mm, HU was 752<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>225 (range, 300–1389), the mean RPT was 18<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3 (range, 11–25) mm, and the mean stone size was 19<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2 (range, 15–25) mm. Comparative evaluation of stone and patient-related parameters in the stented and non-stented groups demonstrated revealed no statistically significant difference with respect to age, BMI, SSD, HU, RPT, and stone size. Also, there was no statistically significant difference for sex distribution (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.911) and the presence of HN (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.838) (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>).</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">There was a statistically significant difference with respect to the final SFRs between the two groups (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.002). Complete SF status was achieved in 48 patients (52%), but treatment was unsuccessful in 44 (48%) patients whose residual fragmnets were removed through semi-rigid or flexible ureterorenoscopy (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>).</p><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The evaluation of the number of emergency department visits and mean analgesic consumption in the two groups revealed that frequency of emergency department visits and analgesic consumption were lower in the stented SF patients than in the non-stented SF patients (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.001 and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.001, respectively). Also, stented non-SF patients had a lower mean analgesic consumption than non-stented non-SF patients (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.004). Similarly, although there was no significant difference, non-SF stented patients had a lower number of emergency department visits than non-SF non-stented patients (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.262) (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">Table 2</a>).</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0010"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0100">Discussion</span><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Chaussy et al. reported the first clinical use of SWL and announced a 90% SFR with a Dornier HM3 lithotripter.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0205"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15</span></a> SWL has since become the treatment of choice in the majority of urinary stones owing to its safe and effective results both in adults and children. As a practical and cost-effective treatment modality, SWL is used in more than 90% of stones in adult patients without hospitalization and loss of manpower.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0210"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16–18</span></a> In contrast to first-generation devices, the second and third-generation lithotripters have not been able to show the same success rates.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0225"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19,20</span></a></p><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The European Association of Urology (EAU) guidelines recommend SWL as the first-line treatment for renal calculi smaller than 20<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0235"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21</span></a> The main aim of this treatment is first the efficient fragmentation of the stone itself, and then complete clearance of the disintegrated stone fragments. Accordingly, the evaluation of success rates after SWL should focus on the disintegration of the stone and the subsequent spontaneous passage of the formed fragments. In other words, residual fragments after SWL should also be seriously considered and auxiliary methods (although mostly depending on the surgeon's preference) must also be taken into account to reduce these residual fragments.</p><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The accumulated experience thus far has clearly indicated that outcomes of SWL depend on some patient (BMI, SSD) and stone-related (location, largest diameter, and HU) factors.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0170"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8–13</span></a> Regarding this subject, in addition to the effect of stone size on SWL success rates, many studies have evaluated the effect of JJ stenting on the success and adverse effects of SWL and conflicting results have been reported.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0240"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">22–26</span></a> A well-prepared systematic review demonstrated that the total SFR was 78.1% (354 of 453) in the stented group and 83.0% (351 of 423) in the non-stented group, with no significant difference in SFRs between the groups (RR 0.97; 95% CI: [0.91–1.03]; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.27).<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0250"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">24</span></a> In his original study, Musa reported that the percentage of patients requiring two sessions was higher among the stented group (8.3%) than in the non-stented group, although the 3-month SFR was lower (88%) in stented patients compared with non-stented patients. However, there was no statistically significant difference.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0165"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a> Unlike these studies, in another study, Seitz et al. showed that SWL was successful in stented patients with a SFR of 93.3% compared with non-stented patients (89.4%), with a mean number of 1.8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.9 and 1.5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.9 sessions, respectively.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0255"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">25</span></a></p><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In our study, according to the results of statistical analysis, we observed that patients had similar characteristics with respect to age, BMI, SSD, HU, RPT, and stones in both groups. Additionally, there was no statistically significant difference in terms of sex distribution and presence of HN in either group. Our results also demonstrated that, despite a complete stone fragmentation in patients of both groups, there was a statistically significant difference for complete SFRs between the groups in favour of stented patients. These findings emphasized the meaningful effect of JJ stenting on spontaneous passage rates thus making the final SFR higher in these patients. We believe that our study is the first in the literature to evaluate the effect of JJ stenting, after controlling for the effects of other factors, on the final SF rates of patients with relatively large renal pelvic stones.</p><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Additionally, stented SF patients needed fewer emergency department visits than non-stented SF patients. Also, a lower mean analgesic consumption was observed in stented SF patients when compared with non-stented SF patients. Finally, stented non-SF patients needed fewer ED visits as well as a lower mean analgesic consumption than non-stented non-SF patients.</p><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We must emphasize that our study has three important limitations. First, the stone chemical composition, which we had no chance to identify before fragmentation and passage, could not be evaluated. Secondly, the limited number of patients evaluated in this randomized prospective study may be considered as another important limitation. Thirdly, in the stented group, no detailed analysis has been made of whether the emergency department visit was caused by the stone itself or the JJ stent.</p></span><span id="sec0045" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0105">Conclusions</span><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Pre-stenting in the SWL treatment of moderate (15–25<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm) renal pelvic stones increases the final SFRs and decrease the number of emergency department visits and analgesic consumption, in the absence of other stone and patient-related factors. The placement of a JJ stent before the SWL treatment of moderate renal pelvic stones may ease the spontaneous passage of residual fragments thus increase the final complete SFRs, and decrease the number of emergency service visits and requirement for analgesic consumption. However, these results do not mean that we routinely need to use a JJ stent before SWL. The placement and removal of JJ stents increases the cost of SWL procedures and these require additional surgery. Further studies evaluating the cost and unwanted adverse effects of additional surgical procedures for the placement and removal of stents are needed to support the routine use of JJ stents before SWL treatment of moderate renal pelvic stones.</p></span><span id="sec0050" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0110">Ethical standard</span><p id="par0095" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This article does not contain any studies with animals performed by any of the authors. The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and its amendments. The present randomized prospective study was approved by the Internal Institutional Review Board (Kartal Dr. Lutfi Kirdar Kartal Traning and Research Hospital, number; 89513307/1009/381).</p></span><span id="sec0055" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0115">Informed consent</span><p id="par0100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Written informed consent was obtained from all patients.</p></span><span id="sec0060" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0120">Funding</span><p id="par0105" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">There is no financial support for this study.</p></span><span id="sec0065" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0125">Conflict of interest</span><p id="par0110" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.</p></span></span>" "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [ "secciones" => array:14 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "xres1251578" "titulo" => "Abstract" "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0005" "titulo" => "Purpose" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0010" "titulo" => "Materials and methods" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0015" "titulo" => "Results" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0020" "titulo" => "Conclusions" ] ] ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xpalclavsec1160298" "titulo" => "Keywords" ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "xres1251577" "titulo" => "Resumen" "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0025" "titulo" => "Objetivo" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0030" "titulo" => "Materiales y métodos" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0035" "titulo" => "Resultados" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0040" "titulo" => "Conclusiones" ] ] ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xpalclavsec1160299" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" ] 4 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0005" "titulo" => "Introduction" ] 5 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "sec0010" "titulo" => "Materials and methods" "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0015" "titulo" => "Study design" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0020" "titulo" => "Preprocedural evaluation" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0025" "titulo" => "SWL technique" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0030" "titulo" => "Statistical analysis" ] ] ] 6 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0035" "titulo" => "Results" ] 7 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0040" "titulo" => "Discussion" ] 8 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0045" "titulo" => "Conclusions" ] 9 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0050" "titulo" => "Ethical standard" ] 10 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0055" "titulo" => "Informed consent" ] 11 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0060" "titulo" => "Funding" ] 12 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0065" "titulo" => "Conflict of interest" ] 13 => array:1 [ "titulo" => "References" ] ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "2018-10-30" "fechaAceptado" => "2019-03-19" "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [ "en" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Keywords" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec1160298" "palabras" => array:3 [ 0 => "Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy" 1 => "Renal pelvic stone" 2 => "JJ stent" ] ] ] "es" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec1160299" "palabras" => array:3 [ 0 => "Litotricia extracorpórea por ondas de choque" 1 => "Cálculo piélico" 2 => "Catéter doble J" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:2 [ "en" => array:3 [ "titulo" => "Abstract" "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Purpose</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">To evaluate the effect of JJ stents on SWL treatment of moderate (15–25<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm) renal pelvic stones.</p></span> <span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Materials and methods</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Between January 2016 and December 2017, a total of 152 adult patients who were planned to undergo SWL for a single radiopaque renal pelvic stone were included in the study. Patients with solitary kidney, congenital abnormality, skeletal tract abnormalities, previous urinary system surgery, hydronephrosis (grade 2 or more), untreated urinary tract infection, bleeding disorder, and suspected pregnancy were excluded. The remaining 114 patients were randomly divided into two groups; non-stented and stented. Twenty-two patients whose stone could not be fragmented despite 3 consecutive sessions were also excluded from the study. A total of 92 patients (54 non-stented and 38 stented) were included in the final analysis.</p></span> <span id="abst0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0020">Results</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">There was no significant difference in terms of age, sex, body mass index, renal parancyhimal thickness, hydronephrosis, skin-to-stone distance, Hounsfield units, and stone size between the groups. Success was significantly higher in the stented group than in the non-stented group (71% vs. 39%, <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.002). In stone-free patients, the number of emergency department visits and analgesic tablet consumption was significantly lower in the stented group than in the non-stented group (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.001 and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.001, respectively). In non-stone-free patients, analgesic tablet consumption was significantly lower in the stented group than in the non-stented group (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.004).</p></span> <span id="abst0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Conclusions</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Pre-stenting before SWL treatment of moderate sized renal pelvic stones has some advantages in terms of success, emergency service visits, and analgesic tablet consumption.</p></span>" "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0005" "titulo" => "Purpose" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0010" "titulo" => "Materials and methods" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0015" "titulo" => "Results" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0020" "titulo" => "Conclusions" ] ] ] "es" => array:3 [ "titulo" => "Resumen" "resumen" => "<span id="abst0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Objetivo</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Evaluar el efecto de la colocación del catéter doble J en el tratamiento con LEOCH de los cálculos en la pelvis renal de tamaño moderado (15-25<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm).</p></span> <span id="abst0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">Materiales y métodos</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Entre enero de 2016 y diciembre de 2017, se incluyó en el estudio a un total de 152 pacientes adultos que serían tratados con LEOCH por un solo cálculo radiopaco localizado en la pelvis renal. Se excluyeron los pacientes con riñón solitario, anomalía congénita, anomalía del sistema esquelético, cirugía previa del tracto urinario, hidronefrosis (grado 2 o superior), infección del tracto urinario sin tratar, trastorno hemorrágico y sospecha de embarazo. Los 114 pacientes restantes se dividieron aleatoriamente en 2 grupos: cateterizados y no cateterizados. Veintidós pacientes cuyo cálculo no pudo fragmentarse después de 3 sesiones consecutivas también fueron excluidos del estudio. Un total de 92 pacientes (54 no cateterizados y 38 cateterizados) se incluyeron en el análisis final.</p></span> <span id="abst0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0045">Resultados</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">No hubo diferencias significativas entre los grupos respecto a edad, sexo, índice de masa corporal, grosor parenquimal renal, hidronefrosis, distancia piel-cálculo, unidades Hounsfield y tamaño del cálculo. El éxito fue significativamente mayor en el grupo cateterizado que en el grupo no cateterizado (71 vs. 39%; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0,002). En pacientes libres de cálculos, el número de visitas al servicio de urgencias y el consumo de analgésicos fue significativamente menor en el grupo cateterizados que en el grupo no cateterizados (p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0,001 y p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0,001, respectivamente). En pacientes no libres de cálculos, el consumo de analgésicos fue significativamente menor en el grupo cateterizados que en el grupo no cateterizados (p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0,004).</p></span> <span id="abst0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0050">Conclusiones</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La colocación de catéter antes del tratamiento con LEOCH para cálculos en la pelvis renal de tamaño moderado tiene algunas ventajas en términos de éxito, visitas al servicio de urgencias y consumo de analgésicos.</p></span>" "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0025" "titulo" => "Objetivo" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0030" "titulo" => "Materiales y métodos" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0035" "titulo" => "Resultados" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0040" "titulo" => "Conclusiones" ] ] ] ] "NotaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "☆" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0005">Please cite this article as: Yazici O, Kafkasli A, Erbin A, Bilal Hamarat M, Cubuk A, Sarilar O, et al. Resultados de LEOCH con o sin catéter para el tratamiento de cálculos en la pelvis renal: un estudio aleatorizado. Actas Urol Esp. 2019;43:425–430.</p>" ] ] "multimedia" => array:3 [ 0 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 2470 "Ancho" => 2508 "Tamanyo" => 376664 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Flow diagram following the CONSORT 2010 guidelines.</p>" ] ] 1 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "tbl0005" "etiqueta" => "Table 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at1" "detalle" => "Table " "rol" => "short" ] ] "tabla" => array:1 [ "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Non-stented (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>54) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Stented (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>38) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Age (years) (mean</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">±</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">SD)</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">46<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>13 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">47<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>13 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.720 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="4" align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Sex</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.911 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Female \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">9 (17%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">9 (17%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Male \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">45 (83%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">45 (83%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="4" align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">BMI (kg/m</span><span class="elsevierStyleSup"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">2</span></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">) (mean</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">±</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">SD)</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">26<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">26<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.515 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">SSD (mm) (mean</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">±</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">SD)</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">99<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>19 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">95<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>17 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.365 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">HU (mean</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">±</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">SD)</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">783<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>222 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">708<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>224 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.114 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">RPT (mm) (mean</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">±</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">SD)</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">18<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">18<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.530 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="4" align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">HN</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.838 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Grade 0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">23 (43%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">17 (45%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Grade 1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">32 (57%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">21 (55%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="4" align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Stone size (mm) (mean</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">±</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">SD)</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">19<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">19<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.479 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Final SF rate</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">21 (39%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">27 (71%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">0.002</span></span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab2141146.png" ] ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0050" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Characteristics of the stented and non-stented groups.</p>" ] ] 2 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "tbl0010" "etiqueta" => "Table 2" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at2" "detalle" => "Table " "rol" => "short" ] ] "tabla" => array:1 [ "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Non-stented (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>54) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Stented (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>38) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Number of SF patients’ emergency department presentations</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic"><<span class="elsevierStyleBold">0.001</span></span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0 and 1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">6 (29%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">22 (81.5%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>>1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">15 (71%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">5 (18.5%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="4" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Mean analgesic tablet consumption of SF patients</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">2.9<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1.2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1.2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.7 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic"><<span class="elsevierStyleBold">0.001</span></span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="4" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Number of non-SF patients’ emergency department presentations</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.262 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0 and 1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">9 (27%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">5 (45.5%9 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>>1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">24 (73%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">6 (54.5%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="4" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Mean analgesic tablet consumption of non-SF patients</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">3.1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1.1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1.9<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1.3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">0.004</span></span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab2141147.png" ] ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0055" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Emergency department visits and analgesic consumption of the groups.</p>" ] ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0015" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:26 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0135" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Extracorporeally induced destruction of kidney stones by shock waves" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "C. 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Castellani" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.urology.2005.01.013" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Urology" "fecha" => "2005" "volumen" => "66" "paginaInicial" => "24" "paginaFinal" => "28" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15992885" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0150" "etiqueta" => "4" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Complications and outcomes following extracorporeal wave lithotripsy: a prospective study of 3241 patients" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => "S. Salem" 1 => "A. Mehrsai" 2 => "H. Zartab" 3 => "N. Shahdadi" 4 => "G. 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Akan" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1159/000474653" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Eur Urol" "fecha" => "1993" "volumen" => "23" "paginaInicial" => "460" "paginaFinal" => "462" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8335050" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 5 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0160" "etiqueta" => "6" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy in impacted upper ureteral stones: a prospective randomized comparison between stented and non-stented techniques" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "I.A. Ghoneim" 1 => "M.N. El-Ghoneimy" 2 => "A.E. El-Naggar" 3 => "K.M. Hammoud" 4 => "M.Y. El-Gammal" 5 => "A.A. 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