Docetaxel-based systemic chemotherapy in elderly Korean men with castration-resistant prostate cancer | Actas Urológicas Españolas (English Edition)

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Park, L.J. Whan, R.J. Sik" "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => array:4 [ "nombre" => "S.C.H." "apellidos" => "Park" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "sc.park@wonkwang.ac.kr" ] "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "¿" "identificador" => "cor0005" ] ] ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "L.J." "apellidos" => "Whan" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "R.J." "apellidos" => "Sik" ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "entidad" => "Servicio de Urología, Escuela Universitaria de Medicina y Hospital de Wonkwan, Instituto de Wonkwang Ciencia Médica, Iksan, Republic of Korea" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor0005" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "Corresponding author." ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Quimioterapia sistémica basada en docetaxel en hombres coreanos mayores con cáncer de próstata resistente a la castración" ] ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 1087 "Ancho" => 2191 "Tamanyo" => 104021 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "Kaplan–Meier curves for (a) prostate specific antigen progression and (b) overall survival." ] ] ] "textoCompleto" => "IntroductionCancer is a disease of ageing. With the ageing of the population, one may expect more cases of cancer. According to a recent report, the probability of cancer is 37.2% if a Korean man survives until the average survival age of 77 years.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005">1</a> Prostate cancer is a common disease in elderly men, and the number of elderly prostate cancer patients will probably increase with the ageing of the population and increased screening. Ageing is associated with a progressive reduction in the functional reserve of multiple organ systems, which affects the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of drugs, including antineoplastic drugs.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010">2</a> Elderly patients tend to have co-morbid conditions and take multiple drugs. Co-morbidity is associated with reduced life expectancy and increased risk of treatment-related complications. These factors should be considered when managing cancer in elderly patients. Therefore, National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines recommend that all patients aged 70 years and older should undergo some form of geriatric assessment.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015">3</a>Treatment of advanced prostate cancer is focused on symptom relief. Androgen deprivation therapy remains the gold standard for the treatment of advanced prostate cancer, producing a rapid decrease in bone pain and a reduction in prostate specific antigen. However, most cases of prostate cancer progress to castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) within a median of 18–24 months after castration.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0020">4</a> Docetaxel-based systemic chemotherapy is now the standard treatment for CRPC, based on the results of 2 phase III studies.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0025">5,6</a> Although there was a survival advantage for docetaxel-based systemic chemotherapy, grade 3 or 4 toxic events occurred in 12–59% of patients.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0025">5–8</a> The overall occurrence of severe adverse events was significantly correlated with performance status >2 in elderly patients with CRPC.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045">9</a> With ageing, patients tend to have increased performance status because of co-morbidity. Many urologists are concerned about tolerance when treating elderly CRPC patients with docetaxel chemotherapy. Therefore, we conducted a study to investigate the efficacy and safety of docetaxel-based systemic chemotherapy for CRPC in elderly Korean patients.Materials and methodsPatientsBetween May 2005 and April 2010, 36 patients with CRPC were treated with docetaxel-based systemic chemotherapy. Their medical records were retrospectively reviewed to determine the efficacy and safety of docetaxel-based systemic chemotherapy in elderly patients with CRPC. All patients were diagnosed with prostate adenocarcinoma by transrectal ultrasonography guided prostate biopsy or transurethral resection of the prostate. All patients received combined androgen blockade such as luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist plus bicalutamide. CRPC was defined as 3 consecutive rises in prostate specific antigen (PSA) above the nadir with a castration level of serum testosterone, and continued increase of PSA after antiandrogen withdrawal, or the existence of clear clinical or radiological evidence of progression. The Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status was 0–2. The patients were divided into 2 groups: the first group consisted of patients aged less than 70 years, while the second group consisted of patients aged 70 years and older. This retrospective study was approved by the institutional review board.Treatment protocolThe pre-treatment evaluation included a complete medical history, physical examination, complete blood cell count, serum chemistry tests, serum PSA measurement, chest X-ray, computed tomography of the abdomen and pelvis, and bone scan. Patients received docetaxel 75mg/m2 every 3 weeks and 5mg of prednisolone twice daily. Physical examination, complete blood cell count, serum PSA measurement, and serum chemistry tests were performed every 3 weeks. Radiologic evaluations were performed every 3 cycles. Docetaxel-based systemic chemotherapy was continued until disease progression, unacceptable drug-related toxicities, or clinically significant concomitant disease.Efficacy and safety evaluationAll patients were evaluated for PSA response, measurable disease response, time to PSA progression, and survival. PSA response was evaluated according to the guidelines of the PSA working group.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0050">10</a> PSA response was defined as at least a 50% reduction from the baseline. PSA progression was defined as an increase from the baseline. Stable disease was defined as a decrease in PSA that did not reach PSA response criteria. Objective response was evaluated according to the Response Evaluation Criteria of Solid Tumours (RECIST).<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0055">11</a> The start time of time to progression was the day treatment was initiated. Overall survival was defined as the time between the first docetaxel administration and death.Adverse events were classified according to the Common Toxicity Criteria of the National Cancer Institute (v 2.0). If grade 3 or 4 haematologic or non-haematologic toxicities were observed during treatment, the docetaxel dose was adjusted to 75% of the original dose.Statistical analysisThe clinical–pathological data were compared between the 2 groups. The Mann–Whitney test was used for continuous parameters and Fisher's exact test was used for categorical parameters to compare responses between groups. The time to progression and overall survival curve were calculated using the Kaplan–Meier method with the log-rank test. The results were considered significant at a p value of <0.05. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 13.0 for Windows (SPSS, Chicago, IL).ResultsA total of 30 patients were included in this study; the median age was 72 years, and the median performance status was 0. The median pretreatment PSA level in the patients was 33.8ng/mL, and the median Gleason score was 8. Twenty-two patients were chemo-naïve, while the other 8 patients had been previously treated with chemotherapy. Prior chemotherapy regimens included mitoxantrone (6 patients), estramustine (2 patients), and paclitaxel plus etoposide (1 patient). Three patients received external beam radiation therapy prior to docetaxel-based systemic chemotherapy. The mean number of docetaxel chemotherapy cycles was 5.8 (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>). The docetaxel dose was adjusted to 75% of the original dose in 5 patients due to haematologic toxicities. Disease progression was the most common reason for discontinuation of chemotherapy (23 of 30 patients), followed by treatment-related toxicity (4 patients), and treatment refusal (3 patients).<elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia>Twenty-seven patients were assessable for PSA response, and 13 patients (48.2%) showed a confirmed partial PSA response. The PSA response rate did not differ between the younger and elderly groups (55.6% vs. 44.5%, p=0.445) (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">Table 2</a>). Twenty patients had measurable disease according to RECIST criteria. Overall, 3 patients (15%) showed a partial response and 14 patients (70%) showed stable disease according to RECIST criteria. The measurable disease response rates did not differ between the 2 groups (40.0% vs. 6.7%, p=0.140) (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0015">Table 3</a>). The median time to PSA progression was 6 months, and the median overall survival was 9 months. The median time to PSA progression and the median overall survival did not differ between the 2 groups (4 months vs. 6 months, p=0.443), and (6 months vs. 9 months, p=0.051), respectively (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig. 1</a>). Five patients experienced grade 3 or higher neutropenia. Drug-related toxicity did not differ between the 2 groups (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0020">Table 4</a>).<elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0010"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0015"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0020"></elsevierMultimedia>DiscussionAge is widely accepted as the greatest single-risk factor for developing cancer, and cancer is considered a disease of the elderly. Prostate cancer is a common cancer in elderly men. Recently, the number of prostate cancer patients has rapidly increased due to the ageing of the population and the widespread use of PSA screening. Several theories have been proposed for the interaction between carcinogenesis and the ageing process. First, as individuals age, their exposure to carcinogens increases as does the potential accumulation of cellular events. Secondly, environmental exposure to carcinogens occurs cumulatively over time. In the third place, the lag time between exposures, the accumulation of cellular events, and the clinical expression of malignancy may account for the initial appearance in an older population. The decreased ability to detoxify potential carcinogens as the result of organ system deterioration with ageing may also be important.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0060">12</a>Elderly patients tend to have co-morbid conditions and take multiple drugs. Co-morbidity is associated with reduced life expectancy and increased risk of treatment complications. In addition, co-morbidity may affect the natural history of cancer. For example, diabetes has been associated with an increased risk for recurrence of large-bowel cancer.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0065">13</a> Polypharmacy increases with age and is responsible for significant co-morbidity and even mortality. A consequence of polypharmacy is drug interaction. Therefore, a comprehensive geriatric assessment should be performed to evaluate elderly cancer patients prior to decision making in treatment. The comprehensive geriatric assessment consists of 6 domains: function, co-morbidity, presence of geriatric syndromes, social support, nutrition, and polypharmacy.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0070">14</a> After complete assessment of the patient, a tailored-approach to treatment may be used. Cancer treatment goals in elderly patients must differ from those in younger patients. In the management of older cancer patients, prolongation of active life expectancy should be given the same priority as prolongation of survival and symptom control.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0075">15</a> All older individuals, and the frail ones in particular, are at increased risk of functional dependence as a result of cancer treatment. Thus, NCCN guidelines for the management of older cancer patients with chemotherapy are as follows: All patients aged 70 years and older should undergo some form of geriatric assessment. The first dose of chemotherapy should be adjusted to renal function in individuals aged 65 years and older. Filgrastim should be used prophylactically in individuals aged 65 years and older receiving moderately toxic chemotherapy. Maintenance of haemoglobin around 12g/dL appears to be safe in patients receiving chemotherapy, and it may prevent treatment-related fatigue, functional dependence, and possible myelotoxicity.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015">3</a>Androgen deprivation therapy remains the standard treatment for advanced prostate cancer. However, most patients progress to CRPC after various time intervals. Docetaxel-based systemic chemotherapy confers a survival advantage with grade 3 or 4 toxicities.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0025">5–8</a> In general, the toxicity of chemotherapy is neither more severe nor more prolonged in patients older than 70 years,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0080">16</a> and age by itself, is not a contraindication to cancer chemotherapy. Many urologists are concerned about the ability of older patients to tolerate the approved docetaxel-based chemotherapy for CRPC. Elderly patients are generally more vulnerable to haematologic toxicities, which are the most common and most frequent fatal complications of chemotherapy. Ten Tije et al. reported that docetaxel pharmacokinetics are not altered in the elderly, and that age appears to be an unimportant factor in drug dosing when considering the potential for age-related changes in drug clearance. In addition, they stated that the incidence of grade 4 and febrile neutropenia was greater in the elderly cohort, which indicates that patients aged ≥65 years are more sensitive to docetaxel-induced neutropenia.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0085">17</a>A second analysis of the TAX 327 study showed a similar benefit for all subgroups tested, including the age groups ≤68 years and >69 years.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0090">18</a> In the present study, the overall PSA response and response to measurable disease were 48.2% and 15%, respectively. These rates are consistent with previous reports with docetaxel or docetaxel combined with estramustine that showed PSA response rates ranging from 38% to 84%, and measurable disease rates ranging from 12% to 55%.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0025">5–9</a> The median time to progression was 6 months, and the median overall survival was 9 months. The overall survival was relatively shorter than in other studies, which may be explained by the fact that 29.1% of patients in this study received other chemotherapeutic regimens prior to docetaxel chemotherapy. The PSA response and measurable disease response rates did not differ between younger and older patients, and the median time to PSA progression and overall survival did not differ according to age either. These results are consistent with a previous study.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045">9</a> Italiano et al. reported that grade 3 or 4 toxic events occurred in 43% of elderly patients. They also stated that the overall occurrence of severe adverse events was correlated with performance status >2 and the presence of visceral metastases, but not with age, co-morbidities, PSA level, the addition of estramustine to docetaxel, or the kind of regimen.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045">9</a> In this study, drug-related toxicity did not differ significantly according to age. Grade 3 or 4 toxicities were relatively low in this study, and the reason for this was that most of the patients had a performance status of 0–1. However, febrile neutropenia only occurred in 2 patients aged 70 years and older.This study has several limitations. First, this study is a retrospective study. Second, the cohort is small and heterogeneous, and it consisted of both chemo-naïve and secondary chemotherapy patients. Despite these limitations, this study included pure CRPC patients treated with a 3-week cycle of docetaxel. Because it was a single institution study, the treatment algorithm was consistent. An international, multi-institutional study on docetaxel chemotherapy in elderly people (aged 70 years or older) is now ongoing, and we will have accurate information after publishing the results of the study.ConclusionsDocetaxel-based systemic chemotherapy is a safe and effective treatment for CRPC in elderly patients. The response of elderly CRPC patients with good performance status to docetaxel-based systemic chemotherapy was similar to that of younger patients. Docetaxel-based systemic chemotherapy is generally tolerated in elderly patients with good performance status. However, a large prospective study on docetaxel chemotherapy for CPRC in elderly patients is required to verify these results.Conflict of interestThe authors declare that they have no conflict of interest." "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [ "secciones" => array:12 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xres101728" "titulo" => array:5 [ 0 => "Abstract" 1 => "Introduction" 2 => "Material and methods" 3 => "Results" 4 => "Conclusions" ] ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xpalclavsec88896" "titulo" => "Keywords" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xres101729" "titulo" => array:5 [ 0 => "Resumen" 1 => "Introducción" 2 => "Material y métodos" 3 => "Resultados" 4 => "Conclusiones" ] ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xpalclavsec88895" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" ] 4 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0005" "titulo" => "Introduction" ] 5 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "sec0010" "titulo" => "Materials and methods" "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0015" "titulo" => "Patients" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0020" "titulo" => "Treatment protocol" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0025" "titulo" => "Efficacy and safety evaluation" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0030" "titulo" => "Statistical analysis" ] ] ] 6 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0035" "titulo" => "Results" ] 7 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0040" "titulo" => "Discussion" ] 8 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0045" "titulo" => "Conclusions" ] 9 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0050" "titulo" => "Conflict of interest" ] 10 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xack35396" "titulo" => "Acknowledgement" ] 11 => array:1 [ "titulo" => "References" ] ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "2011-09-08" "fechaAceptado" => "2011-09-13" "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [ "en" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Keywords" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec88896" "palabras" => array:3 [ 0 => "Prostate neoplasm" 1 => "Chemotherapy" 2 => "Safety" ] ] ] "es" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec88895" "palabras" => array:3 [ 0 => "Neoplasia prostática" 1 => "Quimioterapia" 2 => "Seguridad" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:2 [ "en" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Abstract" "resumen" => "IntroductionThe aim of this study was to determine the efficacy and safety of docetaxel-based systemic chemotherapy in elderly patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Material and methodsWe retrospectively reviewed the clinical records of 36 patients with CRPC who were treated with docetaxel-based systemic chemotherapy at a single institution between May 2005 and April 2010. After screening, 30 patients met the eligibility criteria, and were included. Patients were placed into 2 groups: group 1 consisted of 9 patients aged <70 years, and group 2 consisted of 21 patients aged ≥70 years. The treatment consisted of prednisolone (5mg) twice daily and docetaxel (75mg/m2) once every 3 weeks. ResultsThe median age was 72 years, and the median performance status was 0. The median baseline prostate specific antigen (PSA) was 33.8ng/mL. The mean number of docetaxel chemotherapy cycles was 5.8. The PSA response rate was 48.2%, and the measurable disease response rate was 15.0%, and these rates did not differ between the two groups. The median time to PSA progression and median overall survival were 6 and 9 months, respectively. Five patients experienced grade 3 or higher neutropenia. The drug-related toxicity was not different between the two groups. ConclusionsThe response of elderly CRPC patients with good performance status to docetaxel-based systemic chemotherapy was similar to that of younger patients. Docetaxel-based systemic chemotherapy is generally tolerated in elderly patients with good performance status." ] "es" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Resumen" "resumen" => "IntroducciónEl objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la eficacia y la seguridad de la quimioterapia sistémica basada en docetaxel en hombres mayores con cáncer de próstata resistente a la castración (CPRC). Material y métodosRevisamos retrospectivamente las historias clínicas de 36 pacientes con CPRC que fueron tratados con quimioterapia sistémica basada en docetaxel en una sola institución entre mayo de 2005 y abril de 2010. Después de la evaluación, 30 pacientes cumplieron los criterios de elegibilidad y fueron incluidos. Los pacientes fueron divididos en 2 grupos: el grupo 1 estaba formado por 9 pacientes <70 años y el grupo 2 por 21 pacientes ≥70 años. El tratamiento consistió en prednisona (5mg) dos veces al día y docetaxel (75mg/m2) cada tres semanas. ResultadosLa mediana de edad fue de 72 años y la de estado funcional fue de 0. La mediana del antígeno prostático específico (APE) de referencia fue de 33,8ng/ml. El número medio de ciclos de quimioterapia docetaxel fue de 5,8. La tasa de respuesta del APE fue del 48,2% y la tasa de respuesta de la enfermedad medible fue del 15,0%, y estas no fueron diferentes entre los 2 grupos. La mediana de tiempo hasta la progresión del APE y la mediana de supervivencia global fueron de 6 y 9 meses, respectivamente. Cinco pacientes experimentaron neutropenia de grado 3 o superior. La toxicidad relacionada con el medicamento no difirió entre los 2 grupos. ConclusionesLa respuesta de los pacientes ancianos con CPRC con buen estado funcional de quimioterapia sistémica basada en docetaxel fue similar a la de pacientes más jóvenes. La quimioterapia sistémica basada en docetaxel se suele tolerar en pacientes ancianos con buen estado funcional." ] ] "NotaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "☆" "nota" => "Please cite this article as: Park SCH, et al. Quimioterapia sistémica basada en docetaxel en hombres coreanos mayores con cáncer de próstata resistente a la castración. Actas Urol Esp. 2012;36:425–30." ] ] "multimedia" => array:5 [ 0 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 1087 "Ancho" => 2191 "Tamanyo" => 104021 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "Kaplan–Meier curves for (a) prostate specific antigen progression and (b) overall survival." ] ] 1 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "tbl0005" "etiqueta" => "Table 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "tabla" => array:2 [ "leyenda" => "BMI: body mass index; PSA: prostate specific antigen; Cr: serum creatinine; Hg: haemoglobin; EBRT: external beam radiation therapy." "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Characteristic \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><70 years (n=9) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">≥70 years (n=21) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Total (n=30) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">p value \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Median age (years) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">65 (57–69) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">74 (70–85) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">72 (57–85) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">BMI \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">22.2 (20.2–28.7) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">23.4 (18.4–27.1) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">22.7 (18.4–28.7) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.401 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="5" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">PSA doubling time \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.623 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><3 months (%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">5 (55.6) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">12 (57.1) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">17 (56.7) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">≥3 months (%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">4 (44.4) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">9 (42.9) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">13 (43.3) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="5" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Median performance status \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0 (0–2) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0 (0–2) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0 (0–2) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.265 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Median baseline PSA \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">132.0 (5.4–194.0) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">29.4 (2.2–1498.0) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">33.8 (2.2–1498) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.290 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Median Cr \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1.1 (0.7–2.6) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1.0 (0.5–1.8) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1.1 (0.5–2.6) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.64 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Median Hg \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">11.5 (8.0–13.8) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">12.0 (7.3–14.7) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">12.0 (7.3–14.7) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.186 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Median Gleason score \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">8 (7–8) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">8 (6–10) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">8 (6–10) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.170 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Prior EBRT (%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">2 (22.2) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1 (4.8) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">3 (10.0) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.207 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="5" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Prior chemotherapy \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.283 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">None (%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">5 (55.6) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">17 (77.3) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">22 (70.9) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Mitoxantrone (%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">3 (33.3) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">3 (13.6) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">6 (19.4) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Estramustine (%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0 (0) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">2 (9.1) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">2 (6.5) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Paclitaxel+etoposide (%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1 (11.1) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0 (0) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1 (3.2) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="5" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Number of courses \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">5.89±4.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">5.7±2.8 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">5.8±3.1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.615 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab184269.png" ] ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "Patient and disease characteristics." ] ] 2 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "tbl0010" "etiqueta" => "Table 2" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "tabla" => array:2 [ "leyenda" => "PSA: prostate specific antigen." "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">PSA response \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><70 years (n=9) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">≥70 years (n=21) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Total (n=30) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">p value \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Partial response (decline≥50%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">5 (55.6) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">8 (44.5) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">13 (48.2) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.445 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Stable disease (0<decline<50%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1 (11.1) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">6 (33.3) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">7 (25.9) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.224 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Progression \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">3 (33.3) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">4 (22.2) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">7 (25.9) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.429 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab184271.png" ] ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "Serum PSA response to docetaxel chemotherapy." ] ] 3 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "tbl0015" "etiqueta" => "Table 3" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "tabla" => array:1 [ "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Measurable disease response \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><70 years (n=9) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">≥70 years (n=21) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Total (n=30) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">p value \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Partial response \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">2 (40.0) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1 (6.7) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">3 (15.0) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.140 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Stable disease \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">3 (60.0) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">11 (73.3) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">14 (70.0) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.483 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Progression \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0 (0) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">3 (20.0) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">3 (15.0) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.399 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab184272.png" ] ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "Measurable disease response to docetaxel chemotherapy." ] ] 4 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "tbl0020" "etiqueta" => "Table 4" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "tabla" => array:1 [ "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><70 years (n=9) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">≥70 years (n=21) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Total (n=30) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">p value \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="5" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Haematologic</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Anaemia \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.809 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Grade 1–2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">12 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">17 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Grade 3–4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Neutropenia \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.672 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Grade 1–2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Grade 3–4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Thrombocytopenia \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.328 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="5" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="5" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Non-haematologic</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Anorexia \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">6 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">9 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.542 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Alopecia \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">8 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.782 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Stomatitis \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">6 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">8 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.621 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Diarrhoea \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n 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Docetaxel-based systemic chemotherapy in elderly Korean men with castration-resistant prostate cancer

Quimioterapia sistémica basada en docetaxel en hombres coreanos mayores con cáncer de próstata resistente a la castración

S.C.H. Park

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sc.park@wonkwang.ac.kr

Corresponding author.

, L.J. Whan, R.J. Sik

Servicio de Urología, Escuela Universitaria de Medicina y Hospital de Wonkwan, Instituto de Wonkwang Ciencia Médica, Iksan, Republic of Korea

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    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Introduction</span><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Cancer is a disease of ageing&#46; With the ageing of the population&#44; one may expect more cases of cancer&#46; According to a recent report&#44; the probability of cancer is 37&#46;2&#37; if a Korean man survives until the average survival age of 77 years&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> Prostate cancer is a common disease in elderly men&#44; and the number of elderly prostate cancer patients will probably increase with the ageing of the population and increased screening&#46; Ageing is associated with a progressive reduction in the functional reserve of multiple organ systems&#44; which affects the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of drugs&#44; including antineoplastic drugs&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> Elderly patients tend to have co-morbid conditions and take multiple drugs&#46; Co-morbidity is associated with reduced life expectancy and increased risk of treatment-related complications&#46; These factors should be considered when managing cancer in elderly patients&#46; Therefore&#44; National Comprehensive Cancer Network &#40;NCCN&#41; guidelines recommend that all patients aged 70 years and older should undergo some form of geriatric assessment&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a></p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Treatment of advanced prostate cancer is focused on symptom relief&#46; Androgen deprivation therapy remains the gold standard for the treatment of advanced prostate cancer&#44; producing a rapid decrease in bone pain and a reduction in prostate specific antigen&#46; However&#44; most cases of prostate cancer progress to castration-resistant prostate cancer &#40;CRPC&#41; within a median of 18&#8211;24 months after castration&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0020"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> Docetaxel-based systemic chemotherapy is now the standard treatment for CRPC&#44; based on the results of 2 phase III studies&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5&#44;6</span></a> Although there was a survival advantage for docetaxel-based systemic chemotherapy&#44; grade 3 or 4 toxic events occurred in 12&#8211;59&#37; of patients&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5&#8211;8</span></a> The overall occurrence of severe adverse events was significantly correlated with performance status &#62;2 in elderly patients with CRPC&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9</span></a> With ageing&#44; patients tend to have increased performance status because of co-morbidity&#46; Many urologists are concerned about tolerance when treating elderly CRPC patients with docetaxel chemotherapy&#46; Therefore&#44; we conducted a study to investigate the efficacy and safety of docetaxel-based systemic chemotherapy for CRPC in elderly Korean patients&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Materials and methods</span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Patients</span><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Between May 2005 and April 2010&#44; 36 patients with CRPC were treated with docetaxel-based systemic chemotherapy&#46; Their medical records were retrospectively reviewed to determine the efficacy and safety of docetaxel-based systemic chemotherapy in elderly patients with CRPC&#46; All patients were diagnosed with prostate adenocarcinoma by transrectal ultrasonography guided prostate biopsy or transurethral resection of the prostate&#46; All patients received combined androgen blockade such as luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist plus bicalutamide&#46; CRPC was defined as 3 consecutive rises in prostate specific antigen &#40;PSA&#41; above the nadir with a castration level of serum testosterone&#44; and continued increase of PSA after antiandrogen withdrawal&#44; or the existence of clear clinical or radiological evidence of progression&#46; The Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group &#40;ECOG&#41; performance status was 0&#8211;2&#46; The patients were divided into 2 groups&#58; the first group consisted of patients aged less than 70 years&#44; while the second group consisted of patients aged 70 years and older&#46; This retrospective study was approved by the institutional review board&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Treatment protocol</span><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The pre-treatment evaluation included a complete medical history&#44; physical examination&#44; complete blood cell count&#44; serum chemistry tests&#44; serum PSA measurement&#44; chest X-ray&#44; computed tomography of the abdomen and pelvis&#44; and bone scan&#46; Patients received docetaxel 75<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;m<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span> every 3 weeks and 5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg of prednisolone twice daily&#46; Physical examination&#44; complete blood cell count&#44; serum PSA measurement&#44; and serum chemistry tests were performed every 3 weeks&#46; Radiologic evaluations were performed every 3 cycles&#46; Docetaxel-based systemic chemotherapy was continued until disease progression&#44; unacceptable drug-related toxicities&#44; or clinically significant concomitant disease&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Efficacy and safety evaluation</span><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">All patients were evaluated for PSA response&#44; measurable disease response&#44; time to PSA progression&#44; and survival&#46; PSA response was evaluated according to the guidelines of the PSA working group&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0050"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a> PSA response was defined as at least a 50&#37; reduction from the baseline&#46; PSA progression was defined as an increase from the baseline&#46; Stable disease was defined as a decrease in PSA that did not reach PSA response criteria&#46; Objective response was evaluated according to the Response Evaluation Criteria of Solid Tumours &#40;RECIST&#41;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11</span></a> The start time of time to progression was the day treatment was initiated&#46; Overall survival was defined as the time between the first docetaxel administration and death&#46;</p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Adverse events were classified according to the Common Toxicity Criteria of the National Cancer Institute &#40;v 2&#46;0&#41;&#46; If grade 3 or 4 haematologic or non-haematologic toxicities were observed during treatment&#44; the docetaxel dose was adjusted to 75&#37; of the original dose&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Statistical analysis</span><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The clinical&#8211;pathological data were compared between the 2 groups&#46; The Mann&#8211;Whitney test was used for continuous parameters and Fisher&#39;s exact test was used for categorical parameters to compare responses between groups&#46; The time to progression and overall survival curve were calculated using the Kaplan&#8211;Meier method with the log-rank test&#46; The results were considered significant at a p value of &#60;0&#46;05&#46; All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 13&#46;0 for Windows &#40;SPSS&#44; Chicago&#44; IL&#41;&#46;</p></span></span><span id="sec0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A total of 30 patients were included in this study&#59; the median age was 72 years&#44; and the median performance status was 0&#46; The median pretreatment PSA level in the patients was 33&#46;8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ng&#47;mL&#44; and the median Gleason score was 8&#46; Twenty-two patients were chemo-na&#239;ve&#44; while the other 8 patients had been previously treated with chemotherapy&#46; Prior chemotherapy regimens included mitoxantrone &#40;6 patients&#41;&#44; estramustine &#40;2 patients&#41;&#44; and paclitaxel plus etoposide &#40;1 patient&#41;&#46; Three patients received external beam radiation therapy prior to docetaxel-based systemic chemotherapy&#46; The mean number of docetaxel chemotherapy cycles was 5&#46;8 &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>&#41;&#46; The docetaxel dose was adjusted to 75&#37; of the original dose in 5 patients due to haematologic toxicities&#46; Disease progression was the most common reason for discontinuation of chemotherapy &#40;23 of 30 patients&#41;&#44; followed by treatment-related toxicity &#40;4 patients&#41;&#44; and treatment refusal &#40;3 patients&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Twenty-seven patients were assessable for PSA response&#44; and 13 patients &#40;48&#46;2&#37;&#41; showed a confirmed partial PSA response&#46; The PSA response rate did not differ between the younger and elderly groups &#40;55&#46;6&#37; vs&#46; 44&#46;5&#37;&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;445&#41; &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">Table 2</a>&#41;&#46; Twenty patients had measurable disease according to RECIST criteria&#46; Overall&#44; 3 patients &#40;15&#37;&#41; showed a partial response and 14 patients &#40;70&#37;&#41; showed stable disease according to RECIST criteria&#46; The measurable disease response rates did not differ between the 2 groups &#40;40&#46;0&#37; vs&#46; 6&#46;7&#37;&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;140&#41; &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0015">Table 3</a>&#41;&#46; The median time to PSA progression was 6 months&#44; and the median overall survival was 9 months&#46; The median time to PSA progression and the median overall survival did not differ between the 2 groups &#40;4 months vs&#46; 6 months&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;443&#41;&#44; and &#40;6 months vs&#46; 9 months&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;051&#41;&#44; respectively &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig&#46; 1</a>&#41;&#46; Five patients experienced grade 3 or higher neutropenia&#46; Drug-related toxicity did not differ between the 2 groups &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0020">Table 4</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0010"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0015"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0020"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Discussion</span><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Age is widely accepted as the greatest single-risk factor for developing cancer&#44; and cancer is considered a disease of the elderly&#46; Prostate cancer is a common cancer in elderly men&#46; Recently&#44; the number of prostate cancer patients has rapidly increased due to the ageing of the population and the widespread use of PSA screening&#46; Several theories have been proposed for the interaction between carcinogenesis and the ageing process&#46; First&#44; as individuals age&#44; their exposure to carcinogens increases as does the potential accumulation of cellular events&#46; Secondly&#44; environmental exposure to carcinogens occurs cumulatively over time&#46; In the third place&#44; the lag time between exposures&#44; the accumulation of cellular events&#44; and the clinical expression of malignancy may account for the initial appearance in an older population&#46; The decreased ability to detoxify potential carcinogens as the result of organ system deterioration with ageing may also be important&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0060"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12</span></a></p><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Elderly patients tend to have co-morbid conditions and take multiple drugs&#46; Co-morbidity is associated with reduced life expectancy and increased risk of treatment complications&#46; In addition&#44; co-morbidity may affect the natural history of cancer&#46; For example&#44; diabetes has been associated with an increased risk for recurrence of large-bowel cancer&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0065"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13</span></a> Polypharmacy increases with age and is responsible for significant co-morbidity and even mortality&#46; A consequence of polypharmacy is drug interaction&#46; Therefore&#44; a comprehensive geriatric assessment should be performed to evaluate elderly cancer patients prior to decision making in treatment&#46; The comprehensive geriatric assessment consists of 6 domains&#58; function&#44; co-morbidity&#44; presence of geriatric syndromes&#44; social support&#44; nutrition&#44; and polypharmacy&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0070"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14</span></a> After complete assessment of the patient&#44; a tailored-approach to treatment may be used&#46; Cancer treatment goals in elderly patients must differ from those in younger patients&#46; In the management of older cancer patients&#44; prolongation of active life expectancy should be given the same priority as prolongation of survival and symptom control&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0075"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15</span></a> All older individuals&#44; and the frail ones in particular&#44; are at increased risk of functional dependence as a result of cancer treatment&#46; Thus&#44; NCCN guidelines for the management of older cancer patients with chemotherapy are as follows&#58; All patients aged 70 years and older should undergo some form of geriatric assessment&#46; The first dose of chemotherapy should be adjusted to renal function in individuals aged 65 years and older&#46; Filgrastim should be used prophylactically in individuals aged 65 years and older receiving moderately toxic chemotherapy&#46; Maintenance of haemoglobin around 12<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>g&#47;dL appears to be safe in patients receiving chemotherapy&#44; and it may prevent treatment-related fatigue&#44; functional dependence&#44; and possible myelotoxicity&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a></p><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Androgen deprivation therapy remains the standard treatment for advanced prostate cancer&#46; However&#44; most patients progress to CRPC after various time intervals&#46; Docetaxel-based systemic chemotherapy confers a survival advantage with grade 3 or 4 toxicities&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5&#8211;8</span></a> In general&#44; the toxicity of chemotherapy is neither more severe nor more prolonged in patients older than 70 years&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0080"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16</span></a> and age by itself&#44; is not a contraindication to cancer chemotherapy&#46; Many urologists are concerned about the ability of older patients to tolerate the approved docetaxel-based chemotherapy for CRPC&#46; Elderly patients are generally more vulnerable to haematologic toxicities&#44; which are the most common and most frequent fatal complications of chemotherapy&#46; Ten Tije et al&#46; reported that docetaxel pharmacokinetics are not altered in the elderly&#44; and that age appears to be an unimportant factor in drug dosing when considering the potential for age-related changes in drug clearance&#46; In addition&#44; they stated that the incidence of grade 4 and febrile neutropenia was greater in the elderly cohort&#44; which indicates that patients aged &#8805;65 years are more sensitive to docetaxel-induced neutropenia&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0085"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a></p><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A second analysis of the TAX 327 study showed a similar benefit for all subgroups tested&#44; including the age groups &#8804;68 years and &#62;69 years&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0090"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span></a> In the present study&#44; the overall PSA response and response to measurable disease were 48&#46;2&#37; and 15&#37;&#44; respectively&#46; These rates are consistent with previous reports with docetaxel or docetaxel combined with estramustine that showed PSA response rates ranging from 38&#37; to 84&#37;&#44; and measurable disease rates ranging from 12&#37; to 55&#37;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5&#8211;9</span></a> The median time to progression was 6 months&#44; and the median overall survival was 9 months&#46; The overall survival was relatively shorter than in other studies&#44; which may be explained by the fact that 29&#46;1&#37; of patients in this study received other chemotherapeutic regimens prior to docetaxel chemotherapy&#46; The PSA response and measurable disease response rates did not differ between younger and older patients&#44; and the median time to PSA progression and overall survival did not differ according to age either&#46; These results are consistent with a previous study&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9</span></a> Italiano et al&#46; reported that grade 3 or 4 toxic events occurred in 43&#37; of elderly patients&#46; They also stated that the overall occurrence of severe adverse events was correlated with performance status &#62;2 and the presence of visceral metastases&#44; but not with age&#44; co-morbidities&#44; PSA level&#44; the addition of estramustine to docetaxel&#44; or the kind of regimen&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9</span></a> In this study&#44; drug-related toxicity did not differ significantly according to age&#46; Grade 3 or 4 toxicities were relatively low in this study&#44; and the reason for this was that most of the patients had a performance status of 0&#8211;1&#46; However&#44; febrile neutropenia only occurred in 2 patients aged 70 years and older&#46;</p><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This study has several limitations&#46; First&#44; this study is a retrospective study&#46; Second&#44; the cohort is small and heterogeneous&#44; and it consisted of both chemo-na&#239;ve and secondary chemotherapy patients&#46; Despite these limitations&#44; this study included pure CRPC patients treated with a 3-week cycle of docetaxel&#46; Because it was a single institution study&#44; the treatment algorithm was consistent&#46; An international&#44; multi-institutional study on docetaxel chemotherapy in elderly people &#40;aged 70 years or older&#41; is now ongoing&#44; and we will have accurate information after publishing the results of the study&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0045" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusions</span><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Docetaxel-based systemic chemotherapy is a safe and effective treatment for CRPC in elderly patients&#46; The response of elderly CRPC patients with good performance status to docetaxel-based systemic chemotherapy was similar to that of younger patients&#46; Docetaxel-based systemic chemotherapy is generally tolerated in elderly patients with good performance status&#46; However&#44; a large prospective study on docetaxel chemotherapy for CPRC in elderly patients is required to verify these results&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0050" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conflict of interest</span><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest&#46;</p></span></span>"
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              "titulo" => "Efficacy and safety evaluation"
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              "titulo" => "Statistical analysis"
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          "titulo" => "Conflict of interest"
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          "identificador" => "xack35396"
          "titulo" => "Acknowledgement"
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    "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf"
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    "fechaRecibido" => "2011-09-08"
    "fechaAceptado" => "2011-09-13"
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          "clase" => "keyword"
          "titulo" => "Keywords"
          "identificador" => "xpalclavsec88896"
          "palabras" => array:3 [
            0 => "Prostate neoplasm"
            1 => "Chemotherapy"
            2 => "Safety"
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        0 => array:4 [
          "clase" => "keyword"
          "titulo" => "Palabras clave"
          "identificador" => "xpalclavsec88895"
          "palabras" => array:3 [
            0 => "Neoplasia prost&#225;tica"
            1 => "Quimioterapia"
            2 => "Seguridad"
          ]
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    "resumen" => array:2 [
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        "titulo" => "Abstract"
        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Introduction</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy and safety of docetaxel-based systemic chemotherapy in elderly patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer &#40;CRPC&#41;&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Material and methods</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">We retrospectively reviewed the clinical records of 36 patients with CRPC who were treated with docetaxel-based systemic chemotherapy at a single institution between May 2005 and April 2010&#46; After screening&#44; 30 patients met the eligibility criteria&#44; and were included&#46; Patients were placed into 2 groups&#58; group 1 consisted of 9 patients aged &#60;70 years&#44; and group 2 consisted of 21 patients aged &#8805;70 years&#46; The treatment consisted of prednisolone &#40;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#41; twice daily and docetaxel &#40;75<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;m<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#41; once every 3 weeks&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The median age was 72 years&#44; and the median performance status was 0&#46; The median baseline prostate specific antigen &#40;PSA&#41; was 33&#46;8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ng&#47;mL&#46; The mean number of docetaxel chemotherapy cycles was 5&#46;8&#46; The PSA response rate was 48&#46;2&#37;&#44; and the measurable disease response rate was 15&#46;0&#37;&#44; and these rates did not differ between the two groups&#46; The median time to PSA progression and median overall survival were 6 and 9 months&#44; respectively&#46; Five patients experienced grade 3 or higher neutropenia&#46; The drug-related toxicity was not different between the two groups&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusions</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The response of elderly CRPC patients with good performance status to docetaxel-based systemic chemotherapy was similar to that of younger patients&#46; Docetaxel-based systemic chemotherapy is generally tolerated in elderly patients with good performance status&#46;</p>"
      ]
      "es" => array:2 [
        "titulo" => "Resumen"
        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Introducci&#243;n</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la eficacia y la seguridad de la quimioterapia sist&#233;mica basada en docetaxel en hombres mayores con c&#225;ncer de pr&#243;stata resistente a la castraci&#243;n &#40;CPRC&#41;&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Material y m&#233;todos</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Revisamos retrospectivamente las historias cl&#237;nicas de 36 pacientes con CPRC que fueron tratados con quimioterapia sist&#233;mica basada en docetaxel en una sola instituci&#243;n entre mayo de 2005 y abril de 2010&#46; Despu&#233;s de la evaluaci&#243;n&#44; 30 pacientes cumplieron los criterios de elegibilidad y fueron incluidos&#46; Los pacientes fueron divididos en 2 grupos&#58; el grupo 1 estaba formado por 9 pacientes &#60;70 a&#241;os y el grupo 2 por 21 pacientes &#8805;70 a&#241;os&#46; El tratamiento consisti&#243; en prednisona &#40;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#41; dos veces al d&#237;a y docetaxel &#40;75<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;m<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#41; cada tres semanas&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La mediana de edad fue de 72 a&#241;os y la de estado funcional fue de 0&#46; La mediana del ant&#237;geno prost&#225;tico espec&#237;fico &#40;APE&#41; de referencia fue de 33&#44;8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ng&#47;ml&#46; El n&#250;mero medio de ciclos de quimioterapia docetaxel fue de 5&#44;8&#46; La tasa de respuesta del APE fue del 48&#44;2&#37; y la tasa de respuesta de la enfermedad medible fue del 15&#44;0&#37;&#44; y estas no fueron diferentes entre los 2 grupos&#46; La mediana de tiempo hasta la progresi&#243;n del APE y la mediana de supervivencia global fueron de 6 y 9 meses&#44; respectivamente&#46; Cinco pacientes experimentaron neutropenia de grado 3 o superior&#46; La toxicidad relacionada con el medicamento no difiri&#243; entre los 2 grupos&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusiones</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La respuesta de los pacientes ancianos con CPRC con buen estado funcional de quimioterapia sist&#233;mica basada en docetaxel fue similar a la de pacientes m&#225;s j&#243;venes&#46; La quimioterapia sist&#233;mica basada en docetaxel se suele tolerar en pacientes ancianos con buen estado funcional&#46;</p>"
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        "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara">Please cite this article as&#58; Park SCH&#44; et al&#46; Quimioterapia sist&#233;mica basada en docetaxel en hombres coreanos mayores con c&#225;ncer de pr&#243;stata resistente a la castraci&#243;n&#46; Actas Urol Esp&#46; 2012&#59;36&#58;425&#8211;30&#46;</p>"
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          "en" => "<p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Kaplan&#8211;Meier curves for &#40;a&#41; prostate specific antigen progression and &#40;b&#41; overall survival&#46;</p>"
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          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0055" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">BMI&#58; body mass index&#59; PSA&#58; prostate specific antigen&#59; Cr&#58; serum creatinine&#59; Hg&#58; haemoglobin&#59; EBRT&#58; external beam radiation therapy&#46;</p>"
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Median age &#40;years&#41;</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">65 &#40;57&#8211;69&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">74 &#40;70&#8211;85&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">72 &#40;57&#8211;85&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">22&#46;2 &#40;20&#46;2&#8211;28&#46;7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Paclitaxel<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>etoposide &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1 &#40;11&#46;1&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0 &#40;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1 &#40;3&#46;2&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="5" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Number of courses</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">5&#46;89<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>4&#46;0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">5&#46;7<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2&#46;8&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">5&#46;8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3&#46;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;615&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
              ]
              "imagenFichero" => array:1 [
                0 => "xTab184269.png"
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spar0050" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Patient and disease characteristics&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
      2 => array:7 [
        "identificador" => "tbl0010"
        "etiqueta" => "Table 2"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "tabla" => array:2 [
          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0065" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">PSA&#58; prostate specific antigen&#46;</p>"
          "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "tabla" => array:1 [
                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">PSA response&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&#60;70 years &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&#8805;70 years &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>21&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Total &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>30&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span> value&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Partial response &#40;decline<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#8805;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>50&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">5 &#40;55&#46;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">8 &#40;44&#46;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">13 &#40;48&#46;2&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;445&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Stable disease &#40;0<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>decline<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>50&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1 &#40;11&#46;1&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">6 &#40;33&#46;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">7 &#40;25&#46;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;224&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Progression&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3 &#40;33&#46;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">4 &#40;22&#46;2&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">7 &#40;25&#46;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;429&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
              ]
              "imagenFichero" => array:1 [
                0 => "xTab184271.png"
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spar0060" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Serum PSA response to docetaxel chemotherapy&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
      3 => array:7 [
        "identificador" => "tbl0015"
        "etiqueta" => "Table 3"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "tabla" => array:1 [
          "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "tabla" => array:1 [
                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Measurable disease response&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&#60;70 years &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&#8805;70 years &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>21&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Total &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>30&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span> value&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Partial response&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2 &#40;40&#46;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1 &#40;6&#46;7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3 &#40;15&#46;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;140&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Stable disease&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3 &#40;60&#46;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">11 &#40;73&#46;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">14 &#40;70&#46;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;483&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Progression&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0 &#40;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3 &#40;20&#46;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3 &#40;15&#46;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;399&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
              ]
              "imagenFichero" => array:1 [
                0 => "xTab184272.png"
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spar0070" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Measurable disease response to docetaxel chemotherapy&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
      4 => array:7 [
        "identificador" => "tbl0020"
        "etiqueta" => "Table 4"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "tabla" => array:1 [
          "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "tabla" => array:1 [
                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&#60;70 years &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&#8805;70 years &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>21&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Total &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>30&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span> value&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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Article information

ISSN: 21735786
Original language: English

DOI:10.1016/j.acuroe.2011.09.004

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Year/Month	Html	Pdf	Total

2023 March	1	0	1
2018 February	6	1	7
2018 January	6	1	7
2017 December	5	0	5
2017 November	9	0	9
2017 October	16	2	18
2017 September	23	2	25
2017 August	10	2	12
2017 July	30	6	36
2017 June	15	2	17
2017 May	13	0	13
2017 April	13	2	15
2017 March	23	20	43
2017 February	15	1	16
2017 January	7	0	7
2016 December	8	5	13
2016 November	13	5	18
2016 October	41	2	43
2016 September	17	0	17
2016 August	15	1	16
2016 July	8	1	9
2016 June	11	5	16
2016 May	17	23	40
2016 April	20	9	29
2016 March	13	15	28
2016 February	22	16	38
2016 January	14	18	32
2015 December	14	8	22
2015 November	12	9	21
2015 October	13	13	26
2015 September	8	8	16
2015 August	11	4	15
2015 July	12	4	16
2015 June	4	1	5
2015 May	10	2	12
2015 April	25	9	34
2015 March	13	3	16
2015 February	13	2	15
2015 January	23	3	26
2014 December	30	8	38
2014 November	20	4	24
2014 October	40	7	47
2014 September	56	8	64
2014 August	34	3	37
2014 July	27	5	32
2014 June	1	0	1
2014 May	3	1	4
2014 January	3	0	3
2013 December	12	0	12
2013 November	8	0	8
2013 October	16	3	19
2013 September	6	0	6

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