Urodynamic study in women with pure stress urinary incontinence | Actas Urológicas Españolas (English Edition)

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"apellidos" => "Díaz" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:2 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Unidad de Urodinamia, Servicio de Urología, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile" "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Unidad de Piso Pélvico Femenino, Servicio de Ginecología y Obstetricia, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile" "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor0005" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "Corresponding author." ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Estudio urodinámico en mujeres con síntomas de incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo pura" ] ] "textoCompleto" => "IntroductionWhile some professional organizations advise against the routine use of urodynamic studies in the small group of women with a diagnosis of pure stress urinary incontinence (SUI) based on a medical history and a detailed physical examination,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0130">1</a> others recommend their use before invasive treatments, when the outcome of the examination may change patient management, as well as in cases of complicated urinary incontinence or after treatment failure.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0135">2,3</a>Most recently, a randomized multicenter study on women with uncomplicated, demonstrable SUI showed non-inferiority in 1-year postoperative results, when only a clinical evaluation was made versus when a urodynamic study was additionally used in pre-surgical assessment.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0145">4</a> Whereas the importance of this study has been recognized, it has also been criticized for including patients with mixed urinary incontinence, for the disproportion in the different branches studied, for using multiple surgical techniques and for only showing 12-month results. In view of the foregoing, the discussion on the use of urodynamics before SUI surgery is apparently not finalized.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0150">5</a>The International Continence Society (ICS) defines urodynamic SUI (urod-SUI) as a phenomenon occurring during filling cystometry, characterized by the involuntary leakage of urine with increased intra-abdominal pressure in the absence of a detrusor contraction.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0155">6</a> This definition entails the risk of clinically diagnosing SUI in patients who only experience urine leakage secondary to a detrusor contraction caused by increased abdominal pressure (stress or exercise, sneezing or coughing).The aim of this analysis was to describe the outcomes of the different stages of urodynamic testing in women with clinical signs of pure SUI, including the presence of overactive detrusor (OAD), with a description of the latter as being caused by increased abdominal pressure, without knowing the result of other clinical assessments.Materials and methodsThis is a retrospective study on women with urinary incontinence consecutively evaluated using urodynamic studies between March 2009 and February 2013, at a referral university center, following the definitions and recommendations of the ICS.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0155">6,7</a>All patients were questioned by a single urodynamics urologist, with the following aspects being recorded: (1) SUI symptoms; (2) voiding urgency and urge urinary incontinence symptoms, (3) the use of some form of protection for urinary incontinence; (4) voiding frequency (in waking and sleeping hours); (5) symptoms of the lower urinary tract, including emptying ones (decreased urinary stream, straining when urinating and intermittent voiding); (6) a medical, obstetric and surgical pelvic history, and (7) drugs used 2 weeks before the examination. We decided to disregard the result of other clinical evaluations on grounds of having incomplete information, since a significant proportion of patients were only referred for the examination to be performed, without having been treated at our center.108 urodynamic studies were selected out of a total of 710 examinations conducted on women in the indicated period (15%), corresponding to women with SUI symptoms and the following exclusion criteria: (1) voiding urgency or urge urinary incontinence; (2) previous incontinence surgery, (3) pelvic organ prolapse (POP) ≥stage III<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0165">8</a>; (4) pelvic radiotherapy; (5) use of uroselective drugs, and (6) neurological diseases.No approval by the Ethics Committee was required since this was a retrospective study describing our standard care. Before the examination, all patients gave informed consent for the use of their clinical data in research studies, ensuring data confidentiality.Urodynamic studies were done following the recommendations of the ICS.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0160">7,9</a> Firstly, a non-invasive uroflowmetry was performed privately and post-void residual was measured by catheterization (it was repeated in patients with an altered voiding test and a volume of urine <150ml). Filling cystometry was subsequently performed via a double-light 6F urethrovesical catheter for bladder filling and bladder pressure measurement, and an 8F rectal catheter with an inflated balloon for abdominal pressure measurement. External pressure transducers were placed on the upper edge of the pubic symphysis and held a “zero” value when in open air. 0.9% saline solution at room temperature was added, at a flow rate of 70ml/min. Pressure transmission was assessed during cough maneuvers at the beginning and end of each study, at every minute throughout the study and before and after each major event, in order to immediately correct the device, this being the only method used to cause detrusor overactivity. The stress test was performed in a standardized and staggered manner, using coughing episodes of progressive intensity, and following successive stages in case no urod-SUI was demonstrated: (1) with 300ml infused in the sitting position; (2) with 300ml infused in the standing position, and (3) at maximum cystometric capacity in the standing position (with the corresponding change in height of transducers). In patients with a maximum cystometric capacity lower than 300ml, capacity was generally assessed in the sitting and standing positions. We tried to obtain 3 leak-point pressure values with cough (LPP-c), the lowest one being taken into consideration, and were classified into ≥100 cmH2O, between 66 and 99cmH2O and ≤65cmH2O.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0175">10</a> When there was no change in detrusor pressure during the filling phase, accommodation was considered equal to the maximum cystometric capacity. A value lower than 20ml/cmH2O was considered as poor bladder accommodation. Voiding cystometry (pressure-flow study) was conducted privately. Finally, post-void residual was measured by urethrovesical catheterization. The diagnosis of bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) was made with a peak flow ≤12ml/s associated with detrusor pressure at peak flow ≥25cmH2O,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0180">11</a> and the diagnosis of impaired detrusor contractility (IDC), with a peak flow ≤12ml/s associated with detrusor pressure at peak flow ≤10cmH2O,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0185">12</a> when there was a consistent non-invasive uroflowmetry.LPP-c values were compared in patients who always or occasionally used some form of protection for urinary incontinence versus those who did not use it, and we looked for any association between the presence of OAD and a daytime voiding frequency (in waking hours) ≥8 and nocturia ≥2.Data were included in the Stata® 11.2 software package (Stata Corporation, 2009) and statistically analyzed using Student's t test for average comparison and the Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test for proportion comparison. Besides, odds ratios were calculated. Statistical significance was defined as a p value <0.05.ResultsWe analyzed the urodynamic studies on 108 women with symptoms of pure SUI with median age of 52 years. <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a> shows some aspects of their medical records.<elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">Table 2</a> shows the results of the non-invasive uroflowmetry conducted on 78 patients whose urine volume was equal to or greater than 150ml (72% of the total). No patient had a post-void residual volume greater than 100ml. <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0015">Table 3</a> shows the results of the filling cystometry. Infusion was stopped at 600ml (with the first voiding desire and before it) in 2 patients. Twelve women showed no variation on detrusor pressure during the filling phase (11%). Fourteen patients showed a maximum cystometric capacity lower than 350ml (10%), and 12 patients, greater than 600ml (11%). There were no women with poor bladder accommodation. <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0020">Table 4</a> shows the results from the voiding cystometry of 97 patients (90% of the total); 11 patients were excluded from the analysis: 4 because of their inability to urinate due to inhibition, and 7 due to rectal or bladder catheter removal. Nine patients had a post-void residual volume greater than 100ml (9%), which differs from non-invasive voiding. Two women showed signs of BOO, one of whom showed a consistent non-invasive uroflowmetry (0.9%). One patient showed signs of IDC which was non-consistent with the non-invasive uroflowmetry. None of these 3 patients showed symptoms of the lower urinary tract in the emptying phase.<elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0010"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0015"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0020"></elsevierMultimedia>Urod-SUI was reported in 79 patients (73.1%), OAD in 4 (3.7%) and mixed urodynamic diagnosis in 15 (13.8%). In 10 patients, the examination was inconclusive (9.2%). Of the 94 women who showed urod-SUI (87%), 77 showed LPP-c ≥100cmH2O (82%), 9 patients between 66 and 99cmH2O (9.5%) and 8 patients ≤65cmH2O (8.5%). Nineteen patients showed OAD (17.5%), 2 of them with associated urinary incontinence (1.9% of the total). <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0025">Table 5</a> shows the characteristics of OAD. Twelve patients showed only spontaneous OAD during the filling phase (63%), 6 patients showed spontaneous OAD during filling, and induced by coughing (32%; 2 induced by coughing during filling and 4 induced by coughing in the stress test), and one patient showed OAD only induced by coughing during the filling phase (5%); this patient showed no urod-SUI (0.9% of the total). The other 3 patients with OAD without urod-SUI spontaneously showed it during filling.<elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0025"></elsevierMultimedia>Those women who always or occasionally used protection for urinary incontinence showed a significantly lower LPP-c than those patients who did not use it (129±41 versus 146±35cmH2O; p=0.035). There was an association between the presence of OAD and nocturia ≥2 (p=0.002; odds ratio: 3.74; 95% confidence interval: 1.22–11.39), but not with daytime voiding frequency ≥8. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and nocturia accuracy ≥2 for the presence of OAD were 0.37, 0.87, 0.37, 0.87 and 0.78, respectively.DiscussionThis is a study on women with a clinical diagnosis of pure SUI, evaluated with urodynamics by a single urodynamics urologist, at a referral university center, following the recommendations of the ICS. Despite being a retrospective study, it has the strength of evaluating a homogeneous group of patients in a standardized manner, with the analyzed data being recorded at the time of examination. On the other hand, it has the limitation of disregarding the result of other clinical evaluations, which may have modified the decision to indicate the study.<ul class="elsevierStyleList" id="lis0005"><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0005">(1)We are not aware of previous studies describing the reference values of the different stages of a urodynamic study in women with pure SUI. Nager et al. published reference values of women with pure or predominant SUI who were candidates for surgery.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0190">13</a> When comparing the results of this study with ours, we found in the latter case: in non-invasive uroflowmetry: higher peak flows exceeding the expected ones due to greater urine volume according to the Liverpool nomogram<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0195">14</a> and similar post-void residuals.</li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0010">(2)In the filling cystometry: larger volumes in their desire to void and greater maximum cystometric capacity, with similar detrusor pressure at the start and end of the filling phase, and higher accommodation values; it should be noted here that the above-mentioned study included patients with mixed urinary incontinence with filling occurring in the standing position.</li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0015">(3)In voiding cystometry: greater peak flows, which also exceeded what was expected due to greater urine volumes,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0195">14</a> associated with slightly greater detrusor pressures at the peak flow; it should be noted here that, in the mentioned study, double-light urethral catheters (8F or smaller), without describing how many patients used 6F catheters, as was the case of our study.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0190">13</a></li></ul>Most of the articles assessing urodynamic studies in patients with urinary incontinence fail to report the results of the voiding study. In women with a clinical diagnosis of pure SUI, with POP up to stage II, with no previous anti-incontinence surgery or BOO surgery and without important symptoms of voiding difficulty, Jeong et al. described 3.8% of BOO or IDC.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0200">15</a> In our study on women with a clinical diagnosis of pure SUI, with POP up to stage II, with no previous anti-incontinence surgery, which included patients with symptoms of the lower urinary tract when emptying, we described 0.9% of BOO, with no cases of IDC being found.In their systematic review of the literature, which included 22 studies of women with a clinical diagnosis of pure SUI, van Liejsen et al. described urod-SUI in 78% of patients, mixed urodynamic diagnosis in 8%, pure OAD in 6%, and inconclusive urodynamic testing in 7%.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0205">16</a> Our results showed a similar frequency of urod-SUI (73.1%) and an increased frequency of mixed urodynamic diagnosis (13.8%) to the detriment of lower OAD only (3.7%), with a consistent frequency of inconclusive tests (9.2%). Our study included the characteristics of OAD in this group of patients and described around 1% of OAD induced by increased abdominal pressure in the absence of urod-SUI, information which was not available in the above-mentioned review.In one of the pioneering studies on the assessment of urethral sphincter function by using leak-point pressure measurements, McGuire et al. evaluated patients in the standing position without making any distinction between the values obtained using the Valsalva maneuver or the cough test.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0210">17</a> The stress test induced by coughing is more sensitive than that induced by the Valsalva maneuver<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0215">18</a>; however, an abrupt change in pressure makes the establishment of the exact value when urine leakage occurs difficult. Our use of the cough test with a progressive intensity to define the value from which urine leakage occurs, seeks to resolve this problem.Some studies have found an association between the subjective grade of urinary incontinence and leak-point pressure values,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0220">19,20</a> and others have not.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0230">21</a> Our study showed that those women using some form of protection for urinary incontinence had significantly lower LPP-c than those who did not use it, this being an objective demonstration of the usefulness of this measurement in the assessment of urethral sphincter function.The unexpected absence of urod-SUI in women with a clinical diagnosis of SUI constitutes a challenge, which at the same time provides important information. In women with clinical signs of pure SUI and an inconclusive conventional urodynamic study, some authors have found that all patients showed OAD in an outpatient urodynamic study.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0235">22,23</a> Moreover, an important article denying the usefulness of urodynamic testing in the prediction of a result of postoperative continence in women with a clinical diagnosis of predominant SUI, paradoxically demonstrated in an almost statistically significant manner that those women with absence of urod-SUI were 2 times less likely to have a satisfactory surgical outcome than those who did have urod-SUI.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0245">24</a> On the other hand, in women with pure or predominant SUI and a positive standardized stress test and whose urodynamic study showed no urod-SUI, Lemack et al. found significantly lower scores of SUI and a smaller average daily number of urinary incontinence episodes.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0250">25</a>In conclusion, in women with pure SUI without knowing the outcome of other clinical evaluations, urodynamic testing can provide useful information to define the treatment.Conflict of interestThe authors declare that they have no conflict of interest." "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [ "secciones" => array:10 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "xres437246" "titulo" => "Abstract" "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0005" "titulo" => "Objective" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0010" "titulo" => "Materials and methods" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0015" "titulo" => "Results" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0020" "titulo" => "Conclusions" ] ] ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xpalclavsec460427" "titulo" => "Keywords" ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "xres437245" "titulo" => "Resumen" "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0025" "titulo" => "Objetivo" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0030" "titulo" => "Material y métodos" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0035" "titulo" => "Resultados" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0040" "titulo" => "Conclusiones" ] ] ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xpalclavsec460426" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" ] 4 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0005" "titulo" => "Introduction" ] 5 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0010" "titulo" => "Materials and methods" ] 6 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0015" "titulo" => "Results" ] 7 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0020" "titulo" => "Discussion" ] 8 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0025" "titulo" => "Conflict of interest" ] 9 => array:1 [ "titulo" => "References" ] ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "2014-06-20" "fechaAceptado" => "2014-07-15" "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [ "en" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Keywords" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec460427" "palabras" => array:4 [ 0 => "Stress urinary incontinence" 1 => "Diagnostic test" 2 => "Urodynamics" 3 => "Reference values" ] ] ] "es" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec460426" "palabras" => array:4 [ 0 => "Incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo" 1 => "Prueba diagnóstica" 2 => "Urodinamia" 3 => "Valores de referencia" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:2 [ "en" => array:3 [ "titulo" => "Abstract" "resumen" => "ObjectiveTo describe the results of urodynamic study in women with pure stress urinary incontinence symptoms, including the characteristics of the overactive detrusor. No other clinical assessments were taken into account. Materials and methodsA retrospective study in women with urinary incontinence consecutively evaluated by urodynamic study. From a total of 710 women, only 108 (15%) with pure stress urinary incontinence symptoms were selected. Women with prior urinary incontinence surgery, pelvic organ prolapse (stage ≥iii), pelvic radiotherapy, using medication active on the lower urinary tract and neurological diseases were excluded. Infusion rate was 70ml/min. Detrusor overactivity was induced only by cough. A standardized cough stress test with progressive cough intensity was carried out. ResultsReference urodynamic values for stress incontinent women are described. Urodynamic stress incontinence was observed in 79 women (73.1%), detrusor overactivity in 4 (3.7%) and mixed urodynamic diagnosis in 15 (13.8%). Test was inconclusive in 10 patients (9.2%). Two women had detrusor overactivity incontinence (1.9%). One patient had detrusor overactivity induced by cough without urodynamic stress incontinence (0.9%). There was an association between detrusor overactivity and nocturia ≥2 (p=0.002; odds ratio: 3.74; 95% confidence interval: 1.22–11.39). One woman had a bladder outlet obstruction (0.9%). ConclusionsIn women with pure stress urinary incontinence, without knowing the outcome of other clinical assessments, urodynamic study can provide useful information to define the proper therapy." "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0005" "titulo" => "Objective" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0010" "titulo" => "Materials and methods" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0015" "titulo" => "Results" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0020" "titulo" => "Conclusions" ] ] ] "es" => array:3 [ "titulo" => "Resumen" "resumen" => "ObjetivoDescribir los resultados del estudio urodinámico en mujeres con síntomas de incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo pura, incluyendo las características del detrusor hiperactivo, sin conocer otras evaluaciones clínicas. Material y métodosEstudio retrospectivo de mujeres con incontinencia urinaria evaluadas con estudio urodinámico de forma consecutiva. De 710 mujeres evaluadas, se seleccionaron 108 con síntomas de incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo pura (15%), excluyendo aquellas con cirugía de incontinencia urinaria previa, prolapso de órganos pélvicos en estadio≥iii, radioterapia pelviana, uso de fármacos uroselectivos y enfermedades neurológicas. La velocidad de infusión fue de 70ml/min. La tos fue el único método utilizado para provocar la hiperactividad del detrusor. La prueba de esfuerzo se hizo estandarizada, con uso de tos de intensidad progresiva. ResultadosSe describen valores de referencia de las diferentes etapas del estudio urodinámico. Se demostró incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo urodinámica en 79 mujeres (73,1%), detrusor hiperactivo en 4 (3,7%) y diagnóstico urodinámico mixto en 15 (13,8%). En 10 pacientes el examen no fue concluyente (9,2%). Dos mujeres presentaron incontinencia urinaria por detrusor hiperactivo (1,9%). Una paciente presentó detrusor hiperactivo inducido por tos sin incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo urodinámica (0,9%). Hubo asociación entre detrusor hiperactivo y nicturia≥2 (p=0,002; odds ratio: 3,74; intervalo de confianza del 95%: 1,22–11,39). Una mujer presentó obstrucción de la salida de la vejiga (0,9%). ConclusionesEn mujeres con incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo pura, sin conocer el resultado de otras evaluaciones clínicas, el estudio urodinámico puede proporcionar información útil para definir el tratamiento." "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0025" "titulo" => "Objetivo" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0030" "titulo" => "Material y métodos" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0035" "titulo" => "Resultados" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0040" "titulo" => "Conclusiones" ] ] ] ] "NotaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "☆" "nota" => "Please cite this article as: Valdevenito JP, Águila F, Naser M, Manríquez V, Wenzel C, Díaz JP. Estudio urodinámico en mujeres con síntomas de incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo pura. Actas Urol Esp. 2015;39:98–103." ] ] "multimedia" => array:5 [ 0 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "tbl0005" "etiqueta" => "Table 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "tabla" => array:2 [ "leyenda" => "SD: standard deviation; LUTS: lower urinary tract symptoms." "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Variable \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Result \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Age in years, average±SD (range) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">53.4±11.7 (18–82) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Daytime voiding frequency≥8, n (%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">26 (24) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Nocturia≥2, n (%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">19 (17.5) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Voiding LUTS, n (%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">30 (27.7) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top">Protection for incontinence (n=106), n (%)</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No use \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">25 (23.5) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Occasional use \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">8 (7.5) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Use≥1pad/d \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">73 (69) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Vaginal births, median±SD (range) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1.99±1.43 (0–6) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Previous histerectomy, n (%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">9 (8.3) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab682453.png" ] ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "Medical history of women with symptoms of pure stress urinary incontinence (n=108)." ] ] 1 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "tbl0010" "etiqueta" => "Table 2" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "tabla" => array:2 [ "leyenda" => "SD: standard deviation." "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Mean (SD) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Median \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Range \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Percentile2.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Percentile5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Percentile95 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Percentile97.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Maximum flow (ml/s) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">31 (13) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">28 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">9–68 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">9 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">11 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">60 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">67 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Mean flow (ml/s) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">16 (8) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">14 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5–39 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">6 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">32 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">36 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Urinated volume (ml) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">345 (155) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">289 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">150–803 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">150 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">153 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">623 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">752 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Post-void residual (ml) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">14 (19) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0–90 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">56 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">68 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab682455.png" ] ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "Results of non-invasive uroflowmetry (n=78)." ] ] 2 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "tbl0015" "etiqueta" => "Table 3" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "tabla" => array:2 [ "leyenda" => "SD: standard deviation." "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Mean (SD) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Median \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Range \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Percentile2.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Percentile5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Percentile95 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Percentile97.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Volume at the first fullness (ml) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">169 (106) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">163 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">16–549 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">25 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">34 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">321 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">400 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Volume at first desire to void (ml) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">297 (128) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">275 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">107–701 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">115 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">125 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">521 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">539 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Volume at first intense desire to void (ml) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">429 (127) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">423 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">164–984 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">174 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">220 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">622 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">626 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Maximum cystometric capacity (ml) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">453 (115) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">442 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">180–949 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">201 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">236 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">626 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">642 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Detrusor pressure at the start of filling (cmH2O) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1 (2,3) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">−5–7 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">−3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">−2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">6 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Detrusor pressure at the end of filling (cmH2O) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5 (3,6) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">−1–17 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">−1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">12 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">15 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Accommodation (ml/cmH2O) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">166 (128) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">110 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">20–626 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">33 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">46 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">466 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">522 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab682457.png" ] ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "Results of filling cystometry." ] ] 3 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "tbl0020" "etiqueta" => "Table 4" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "tabla" => array:2 [ "leyenda" => "SD: standard deviation." "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Mean (SD) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Median \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Range \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Percentile2.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Percentile5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Percentile95 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Percentile97.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Maximum flow(ml/s) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">27 (10) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">26 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">7–55 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">7 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">10 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">47 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">48 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Detrusor pressure at maximum flow (cmH2O) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">23 (11) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">21 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">6–72 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">8 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">10 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">44 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">47 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Detrusor pressure at maximum flow (cmH2O) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">35 (15) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">30 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">7–78 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">12 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">14 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">68 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">75 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Urinated volume (ml) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">467 (134) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">466 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">165–972 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">187 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">233 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">654 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">735 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Postvoid residual (ml) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">25 (68) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0–410 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">190 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">220 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab682456.png" ] ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "Results of voiding cystometry (n=97)." ] ] 4 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "tbl0025" "etiqueta" => "Table 5" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "tabla" => array:2 [ "leyenda" => "MCC: maximum cystometric capacity; SD: standard deviation." "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Mean (SD) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Range \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Median \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Number of contractions \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">3.3 (1.8) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1–6 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Maximum detrusor contraction (cmH2O) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">18 (12) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">6–60 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">14 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Volume first detrusor contraction (ml) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">166 (120) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1–533 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">143 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Percentage of MCC in first detrusor contraction \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">41 (26) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0–86 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">35 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab682454.png" ] ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "Characteristics of detrusor overactivity in women with symptoms of pure stress urinary incontinence (n=19)." ] ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0005" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:25 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0130" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Urinary incontinence: the management of urinary incontinence in women. NICE clinical guide 171" ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Libro" => array:5 [ "fecha" => "2013" "paginaInicial" => "1" "paginaFinal" => "46" "editorial" => "National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence" "editorialLocalizacion" => "London" ] ] ] ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0135" "etiqueta" => "2" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Fourth International Consultation on Incontinence Recommendations of the International Scientific Committee: evaluation and treatment of urinary incontinence, pelvic organ prolapsed, and fecal incontinence" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "P. Abrams" 1 => "K.E. Andersson" 2 => "L. Birder" 3 => "L. Brubaker" 4 => "L. Cardozo" 5 => "C. Chapple" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1002/nau.20870" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Neurourol Urodyn" "fecha" => "2010" "volumen" => "29" "paginaInicial" => "213" "paginaFinal" => "240" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20025020" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0140" "etiqueta" => "3" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "EAU guidelines on urinary incontinence" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "J.W. Thuroff" 1 => "P. Abrams" 2 => "K.E. Andersson" 3 => "W. Artibani" 4 => "C.R. Chapple" 5 => "M.J. 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Urodynamic study in women with pure stress urinary incontinence

Estudio urodinámico en mujeres con síntomas de incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo pura

J.P. Valdevenitoa,b,

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jpvaldevenito@yahoo.com
jpvaldevenito@hcuch.cl

Corresponding author.

, F. Águilaa, M. Naserb, V. Manríquezb, C. Wenzelb, J.P. Díaza

a Unidad de Urodinamia, Servicio de Urología, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile

b Unidad de Piso Pélvico Femenino, Servicio de Ginecología y Obstetricia, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile

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demonstrable SUI showed non-inferiority in 1-year postoperative results&#44; when only a clinical evaluation was made versus when a urodynamic study was additionally used in pre-surgical assessment&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0145"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> Whereas the importance of this study has been recognized&#44; it has also been criticized for including patients with mixed urinary incontinence&#44; for the disproportion in the different branches studied&#44; for using multiple surgical techniques and for only showing 12-month results&#46; In view of the foregoing&#44; the discussion on the use of urodynamics before SUI surgery is apparently not finalized&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0150"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a></p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The International Continence Society &#40;ICS&#41; defines urodynamic SUI &#40;urod-SUI&#41; as a phenomenon occurring during filling cystometry&#44; 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since a significant proportion of patients were only referred for the examination to be performed&#44; without having been treated at our center&#46;108 urodynamic studies were selected out of a total of 710 examinations conducted on women in the indicated period &#40;15&#37;&#41;&#44; corresponding to women with SUI symptoms and the following exclusion criteria&#58; &#40;1&#41; voiding urgency or urge urinary incontinence&#59; &#40;2&#41; previous incontinence surgery&#44; &#40;3&#41; pelvic organ prolapse &#40;POP&#41; &#8805;stage III<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0165"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a>&#59; &#40;4&#41; pelvic radiotherapy&#59; &#40;5&#41; use of uroselective drugs&#44; and &#40;6&#41; neurological diseases&#46;</p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">No approval by the Ethics Committee was required since this was a retrospective study describing our standard care&#46; Before the examination&#44; all patients gave informed consent for the use of their clinical data in research studies&#44; ensuring data confidentiality&#46;</p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Urodynamic studies were done following the recommendations of the ICS&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0160"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7&#44;9</span></a> Firstly&#44; a non-invasive uroflowmetry was performed privately and post-void residual was measured by catheterization &#40;it was repeated in patients with an altered voiding test and a volume of urine &#60;150<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ml&#41;&#46; Filling cystometry was subsequently performed via a double-light 6F urethrovesical catheter for bladder filling and bladder pressure measurement&#44; and an 8F rectal catheter with an inflated balloon for abdominal pressure measurement&#46; External pressure transducers were placed on the upper edge of the pubic symphysis and held a &#8220;zero&#8221; value when in open air&#46; 0&#46;9&#37; saline solution at room temperature was added&#44; at a flow rate of 70<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ml&#47;min&#46; Pressure transmission was assessed during cough maneuvers at the beginning and end of each study&#44; at every minute throughout the study and before and after each major event&#44; in order to immediately correct the device&#44; this being the only method used to cause detrusor overactivity&#46; The stress test was performed in a standardized and staggered manner&#44; using coughing episodes of progressive intensity&#44; and following successive stages in case no urod-SUI was demonstrated&#58; &#40;1&#41; with 300<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ml infused in the sitting position&#59; &#40;2&#41; with 300<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ml infused in the standing position&#44; and &#40;3&#41; at maximum cystometric capacity in the standing position &#40;with the corresponding change in height of transducers&#41;&#46; In patients with a maximum cystometric capacity lower than 300<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ml&#44; capacity was generally assessed in the sitting and standing positions&#46; We tried to obtain 3 leak-point pressure values with cough &#40;LPP-c&#41;&#44; the lowest one being taken into consideration&#44; and were classified into &#8805;100 cmH<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>O&#44; between 66 and 99<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cmH<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>O and &#8804;65<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cmH<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>O&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0175"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a> When there was no change in detrusor pressure during the filling phase&#44; accommodation was considered equal to the maximum cystometric capacity&#46; A value lower than 20<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ml&#47;cmH<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>O was considered as poor bladder accommodation&#46; Voiding cystometry &#40;pressure-flow study&#41; was conducted privately&#46; Finally&#44; post-void residual was measured by urethrovesical catheterization&#46; The diagnosis of bladder outlet obstruction &#40;BOO&#41; was made with a peak flow &#8804;12<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ml&#47;s associated with detrusor pressure at peak flow &#8805;25<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cmH<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>O&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0180"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11</span></a> and the diagnosis of impaired detrusor contractility &#40;IDC&#41;&#44; with a peak flow &#8804;12<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ml&#47;s associated with detrusor pressure at peak flow &#8804;10<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cmH<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>O&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0185"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12</span></a> when there was a consistent non-invasive uroflowmetry&#46;</p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">LPP-c values were compared in patients who always or occasionally used some form of protection for urinary incontinence versus those who did not use it&#44; and we looked for any association between the presence of OAD and a daytime voiding frequency &#40;in waking hours&#41; &#8805;8 and nocturia &#8805;2&#46;</p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Data were included in the Stata<span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#174;</span> 11&#46;2 software package &#40;Stata Corporation&#44; 2009&#41; and statistically analyzed using Student&#39;s <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">t</span> test for average comparison and the Chi-square test or Fisher&#39;s exact test for proportion comparison&#46; Besides&#44; odds ratios were calculated&#46; Statistical significance was defined as a <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span> value &#60;0&#46;05&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0075">Results</span><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We analyzed the urodynamic studies on 108 women with symptoms of pure SUI with median age of 52 years&#46; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a> shows some aspects of their medical records&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">Table 2</a> shows the results of the non-invasive uroflowmetry conducted on 78 patients whose urine volume was equal to or greater than 150<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ml &#40;72&#37; of the total&#41;&#46; No patient had a post-void residual volume greater than 100<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ml&#46; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0015">Table 3</a> shows the results of the filling cystometry&#46; Infusion was stopped at 600<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ml &#40;with the first voiding desire and before it&#41; in 2 patients&#46; Twelve women showed no variation on detrusor pressure during the filling phase &#40;11&#37;&#41;&#46; Fourteen patients showed a maximum cystometric capacity lower than 350<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ml &#40;10&#37;&#41;&#44; and 12 patients&#44; greater than 600<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ml &#40;11&#37;&#41;&#46; There were no women with poor bladder accommodation&#46; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0020">Table 4</a> shows the results from the voiding cystometry of 97 patients &#40;90&#37; of the total&#41;&#59; 11 patients were excluded from the analysis&#58; 4 because of their inability to urinate due to inhibition&#44; and 7 due to rectal or bladder catheter removal&#46; Nine patients had a post-void residual volume greater than 100<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ml &#40;9&#37;&#41;&#44; which differs from non-invasive voiding&#46; Two women showed signs of BOO&#44; one of whom showed a consistent non-invasive uroflowmetry &#40;0&#46;9&#37;&#41;&#46; One patient showed signs of IDC which was non-consistent with the non-invasive uroflowmetry&#46; None of these 3 patients showed symptoms of the lower urinary tract in the emptying phase&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0010"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0015"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0020"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Urod-SUI was reported in 79 patients &#40;73&#46;1&#37;&#41;&#44; OAD in 4 &#40;3&#46;7&#37;&#41; and mixed urodynamic diagnosis in 15 &#40;13&#46;8&#37;&#41;&#46; In 10 patients&#44; the examination was inconclusive &#40;9&#46;2&#37;&#41;&#46; Of the 94 women who showed urod-SUI &#40;87&#37;&#41;&#44; 77 showed LPP-c &#8805;100<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cmH<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>O &#40;82&#37;&#41;&#44; 9 patients between 66 and 99<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cmH<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>O &#40;9&#46;5&#37;&#41; and 8 patients &#8804;65<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cmH<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>O &#40;8&#46;5&#37;&#41;&#46; Nineteen patients showed OAD &#40;17&#46;5&#37;&#41;&#44; 2 of them with associated urinary incontinence &#40;1&#46;9&#37; of the total&#41;&#46; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0025">Table 5</a> shows the characteristics of OAD&#46; Twelve patients showed only spontaneous OAD during the filling phase &#40;63&#37;&#41;&#44; 6 patients showed spontaneous OAD during filling&#44; and induced by coughing &#40;32&#37;&#59; 2 induced by coughing during filling and 4 induced by coughing in the stress test&#41;&#44; and one patient showed OAD only induced by coughing during the filling phase &#40;5&#37;&#41;&#59; this patient showed no urod-SUI &#40;0&#46;9&#37; of the total&#41;&#46; The other 3 patients with OAD without urod-SUI spontaneously showed it during filling&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0025"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Those women who always or occasionally used protection for urinary incontinence showed a significantly lower LPP-c than those patients who did not use it &#40;129<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>41 versus 146<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>35<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cmH<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>O&#59; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;035&#41;&#46; There was an association between the presence of OAD and nocturia &#8805;2 &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;002&#59; odds ratio&#58; 3&#46;74&#59; 95&#37; confidence interval&#58; 1&#46;22&#8211;11&#46;39&#41;&#44; but not with daytime voiding frequency &#8805;8&#46; The sensitivity&#44; specificity&#44; positive predictive value&#44; negative predictive value and nocturia accuracy &#8805;2 for the presence of OAD were 0&#46;37&#44; 0&#46;87&#44; 0&#46;37&#44; 0&#46;87 and 0&#46;78&#44; respectively&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0080">Discussion</span><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This is a study on women with a clinical diagnosis of pure SUI&#44; evaluated with urodynamics by a single urodynamics urologist&#44; at a referral university center&#44; following the recommendations of the ICS&#46; Despite being a retrospective study&#44; it has the strength of evaluating a homogeneous group of patients in a standardized manner&#44; with the analyzed data being recorded at the time of examination&#46; On the other hand&#44; it has the limitation of disregarding the result of other clinical evaluations&#44; which may have modified the decision to indicate the study&#46;<ul class="elsevierStyleList" id="lis0005"><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0005"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#40;1&#41;</span><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We are not aware of previous studies describing the reference values of the different stages of a urodynamic study in women with pure SUI&#46; Nager et al&#46; published reference values of women with pure or predominant SUI who were candidates for surgery&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0190"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13</span></a> When comparing the results of this study with ours&#44; we found in the latter case&#58; in non-invasive uroflowmetry&#58; higher peak flows exceeding the expected ones due to greater urine volume according to the Liverpool nomogram<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0195"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14</span></a> and similar post-void residuals&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0010"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#40;2&#41;</span><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In the filling cystometry&#58; larger volumes in their desire to void and greater maximum cystometric capacity&#44; with similar detrusor pressure at the start and end of the filling phase&#44; and higher accommodation values&#59; it should be noted here that the above-mentioned study included patients with mixed urinary incontinence with filling occurring in the standing position&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0015"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#40;3&#41;</span><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In voiding cystometry&#58; greater peak flows&#44; which also exceeded what was expected due to greater urine volumes&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0195"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14</span></a> associated with slightly greater detrusor pressures at the peak flow&#59; it should be noted here that&#44; in the mentioned study&#44; double-light urethral catheters &#40;8F or smaller&#41;&#44; without describing how many patients used 6F catheters&#44; as was the case of our study&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0190"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13</span></a></p></li></ul></p><p id="par0095" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Most of the articles assessing urodynamic studies in patients with urinary incontinence fail to report the results of the voiding study&#46; In women with a clinical diagnosis of pure SUI&#44; with POP up to stage II&#44; with no previous anti-incontinence surgery or BOO surgery and without important symptoms of voiding difficulty&#44; Jeong et al&#46; described 3&#46;8&#37; of BOO or IDC&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0200"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15</span></a> In our study on women with a clinical diagnosis of pure SUI&#44; with POP up to stage II&#44; with no previous anti-incontinence surgery&#44; which included patients with symptoms of the lower urinary tract when emptying&#44; we described 0&#46;9&#37; of BOO&#44; with no cases of IDC being found&#46;</p><p id="par0100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In their systematic review of the literature&#44; which included 22 studies of women with a clinical diagnosis of pure SUI&#44; van Liejsen et al&#46; described urod-SUI in 78&#37; of patients&#44; mixed urodynamic diagnosis in 8&#37;&#44; pure OAD in 6&#37;&#44; and inconclusive urodynamic testing in 7&#37;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0205"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16</span></a> Our results showed a similar frequency of urod-SUI &#40;73&#46;1&#37;&#41; and an increased frequency of mixed urodynamic diagnosis &#40;13&#46;8&#37;&#41; to the detriment of lower OAD only &#40;3&#46;7&#37;&#41;&#44; with a consistent frequency of inconclusive tests &#40;9&#46;2&#37;&#41;&#46; Our study included the characteristics of OAD in this group of patients and described around 1&#37; of OAD induced by increased abdominal pressure in the absence of urod-SUI&#44; information which was not available in the above-mentioned review&#46;</p><p id="par0105" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In one of the pioneering studies on the assessment of urethral sphincter function by using leak-point pressure measurements&#44; McGuire et al&#46; evaluated patients in the standing position without making any distinction between the values obtained using the Valsalva maneuver or the cough test&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0210"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a> The stress test induced by coughing is more sensitive than that induced by the Valsalva maneuver<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0215"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span></a>&#59; however&#44; an abrupt change in pressure makes the establishment of the exact value when urine leakage occurs difficult&#46; Our use of the cough test with a progressive intensity to define the value from which urine leakage occurs&#44; seeks to resolve this problem&#46;</p><p id="par0110" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Some studies have found an association between the subjective grade of urinary incontinence and leak-point pressure values&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0220"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19&#44;20</span></a> and others have not&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0230"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21</span></a> Our study showed that those women using some form of protection for urinary incontinence had significantly lower LPP-c than those who did not use it&#44; this being an objective demonstration of the usefulness of this measurement in the assessment of urethral sphincter function&#46;</p><p id="par0115" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The unexpected absence of urod-SUI in women with a clinical diagnosis of SUI constitutes a challenge&#44; which at the same time provides important information&#46; In women with clinical signs of pure SUI and an inconclusive conventional urodynamic study&#44; some authors have found that all patients showed OAD in an outpatient urodynamic study&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0235"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">22&#44;23</span></a> Moreover&#44; an important article denying the usefulness of urodynamic testing in the prediction of a result of postoperative continence in women with a clinical diagnosis of predominant SUI&#44; paradoxically demonstrated in an almost statistically significant manner that those women with absence of urod-SUI were 2 times less likely to have a satisfactory surgical outcome than those who did have urod-SUI&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0245"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">24</span></a> On the other hand&#44; in women with pure or predominant SUI and a positive standardized stress test and whose urodynamic study showed no urod-SUI&#44; Lemack et al&#46; found significantly lower scores of SUI and a smaller average daily number of urinary incontinence episodes&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0250"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">25</span></a></p><p id="par0120" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In conclusion&#44; in women with pure SUI without knowing the outcome of other clinical evaluations&#44; urodynamic testing can provide useful information to define the treatment&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0085">Conflict of interest</span><p id="par0125" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest&#46;</p></span></span>"
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        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Objective</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">To describe the results of urodynamic study in women with pure stress urinary incontinence symptoms&#44; including the characteristics of the overactive detrusor&#46; No other clinical assessments were taken into account&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Materials and methods</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A retrospective study in women with urinary incontinence consecutively evaluated by urodynamic study&#46; From a total of 710 women&#44; only 108 &#40;15&#37;&#41; with pure stress urinary incontinence symptoms were selected&#46; Women with prior urinary incontinence surgery&#44; pelvic organ prolapse &#40;stage &#8805;<span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">iii</span>&#41;&#44; pelvic radiotherapy&#44; using medication active on the lower urinary tract and neurological diseases were excluded&#46; Infusion rate was 70<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ml&#47;min&#46; Detrusor overactivity was induced only by cough&#46; A standardized cough stress test with progressive cough intensity was carried out&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0020">Results</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Reference urodynamic values for stress incontinent women are described&#46; Urodynamic stress incontinence was observed in 79 women &#40;73&#46;1&#37;&#41;&#44; detrusor overactivity in 4 &#40;3&#46;7&#37;&#41; and mixed urodynamic diagnosis in 15 &#40;13&#46;8&#37;&#41;&#46; Test was inconclusive in 10 patients &#40;9&#46;2&#37;&#41;&#46; Two women had detrusor overactivity incontinence &#40;1&#46;9&#37;&#41;&#46; One patient had detrusor overactivity induced by cough without urodynamic stress incontinence &#40;0&#46;9&#37;&#41;&#46; There was an association between detrusor overactivity and nocturia &#8805;2 &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;002&#59; odds ratio&#58; 3&#46;74&#59; 95&#37; confidence interval&#58; 1&#46;22&#8211;11&#46;39&#41;&#46; One woman had a bladder outlet obstruction &#40;0&#46;9&#37;&#41;&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Conclusions</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">In women with pure stress urinary incontinence&#44; without knowing the outcome of other clinical assessments&#44; urodynamic study can provide useful information to define the proper therapy&#46;</p></span>"
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      "es" => array:3 [
        "titulo" => "Resumen"
        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Objetivo</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Describir los resultados del estudio urodin&#225;mico en mujeres con s&#237;ntomas de incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo pura&#44; incluyendo las caracter&#237;sticas del detrusor hiperactivo&#44; sin conocer otras evaluaciones cl&#237;nicas&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">Material y m&#233;todos</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Estudio retrospectivo de mujeres con incontinencia urinaria evaluadas con estudio urodin&#225;mico de forma consecutiva&#46; De 710 mujeres evaluadas&#44; se seleccionaron 108 con s&#237;ntomas de incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo pura &#40;15&#37;&#41;&#44; excluyendo aquellas con cirug&#237;a de incontinencia urinaria previa&#44; prolapso de &#243;rganos p&#233;lvicos en estadio<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#8805;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">iii</span>&#44; radioterapia pelviana&#44; uso de f&#225;rmacos uroselectivos y enfermedades neurol&#243;gicas&#46; La velocidad de infusi&#243;n fue de 70<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ml&#47;min&#46; La tos fue el &#250;nico m&#233;todo utilizado para provocar la hiperactividad del detrusor&#46; La prueba de esfuerzo se hizo estandarizada&#44; con uso de tos de intensidad progresiva&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0045">Resultados</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se describen valores de referencia de las diferentes etapas del estudio urodin&#225;mico&#46; Se demostr&#243; incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo urodin&#225;mica en 79 mujeres &#40;73&#44;1&#37;&#41;&#44; detrusor hiperactivo en 4 &#40;3&#44;7&#37;&#41; y diagn&#243;stico urodin&#225;mico mixto en 15 &#40;13&#44;8&#37;&#41;&#46; En 10 pacientes el examen no fue concluyente &#40;9&#44;2&#37;&#41;&#46; Dos mujeres presentaron incontinencia urinaria por detrusor hiperactivo &#40;1&#44;9&#37;&#41;&#46; Una paciente present&#243; detrusor hiperactivo inducido por tos sin incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo urodin&#225;mica &#40;0&#44;9&#37;&#41;&#46; Hubo asociaci&#243;n entre detrusor hiperactivo y nicturia<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#8805;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2 &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;002&#59; odds ratio&#58; 3&#44;74&#59; intervalo de confianza del 95&#37;&#58; 1&#44;22&#8211;11&#44;39&#41;&#46; Una mujer present&#243; obstrucci&#243;n de la salida de la vejiga &#40;0&#44;9&#37;&#41;&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0050">Conclusiones</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">En mujeres con incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo pura&#44; sin conocer el resultado de otras evaluaciones cl&#237;nicas&#44; el estudio urodin&#225;mico puede proporcionar informaci&#243;n &#250;til para definir el tratamiento&#46;</p></span>"
        "secciones" => array:4 [
          0 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0025"
            "titulo" => "Objetivo"
          ]
          1 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0030"
            "titulo" => "Material y m&#233;todos"
          ]
          2 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0035"
            "titulo" => "Resultados"
          ]
          3 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0040"
            "titulo" => "Conclusiones"
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "NotaPie" => array:1 [
      0 => array:2 [
        "etiqueta" => "&#9734;"
        "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0005">Please cite this article as&#58; Valdevenito JP&#44; &#193;guila F&#44; Naser M&#44; Manr&#237;quez V&#44; Wenzel C&#44; D&#237;az JP&#46; Estudio urodin&#225;mico en mujeres con s&#237;ntomas de incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo pura&#46; Actas Urol Esp&#46; 2015&#59;39&#58;98&#8211;103&#46;</p>"
      ]
    ]
    "multimedia" => array:5 [
      0 => array:7 [
        "identificador" => "tbl0005"
        "etiqueta" => "Table 1"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "tabla" => array:2 [
          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0050" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">SD&#58; standard deviation&#59; LUTS&#58; lower urinary tract symptoms&#46;</p>"
          "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "tabla" => array:1 [
                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Variable&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Result&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Age in years&#44; average</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">&#177;</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">SD &#40;range&#41;</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">53&#46;4<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>11&#46;7 &#40;18&#8211;82&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Daytime voiding frequency</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">&#8805;</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">8&#44; n &#40;&#37;&#41;</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">26 &#40;24&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Nocturia</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">&#8805;</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">2&#44; n &#40;&#37;&#41;</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">19 &#40;17&#46;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Voiding LUTS&#44; n &#40;&#37;&#41;</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">30 &#40;27&#46;7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Protection for incontinence &#40;n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">106&#41;&#44; n &#40;&#37;&#41;</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>No use&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">25 &#40;23&#46;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Occasional use&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">8 &#40;7&#46;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Use<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#8805;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>pad&#47;d&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">73 &#40;69&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Vaginal births&#44; median</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">&#177;</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">SD &#40;range&#41;</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#46;99<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1&#46;43 &#40;0&#8211;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Previous histerectomy&#44; n &#40;&#37;&#41;</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">9 &#40;8&#46;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
              ]
              "imagenFichero" => array:1 [
                0 => "xTab682453.png"
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Medical history of women with symptoms of pure stress urinary incontinence &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>108&#41;&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
      1 => array:7 [
        "identificador" => "tbl0010"
        "etiqueta" => "Table 2"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "tabla" => array:2 [
          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0060" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">SD&#58; standard deviation&#46;</p>"
          "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "tabla" => array:1 [
                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Mean &#40;SD&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Median&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Range&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Percentile2&#46;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Percentile5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Percentile95&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Percentile97&#46;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Maximum flow &#40;ml&#47;s&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">31 &#40;13&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">28&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">9&#8211;68&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">11&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">60&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">67&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Mean flow &#40;ml&#47;s&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">16 &#40;8&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">14&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">5&#8211;39&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">32&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">36&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Urinated volume &#40;ml&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">345 &#40;155&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">289&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">150&#8211;803&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">150&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">153&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">623&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">752&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Post-void residual &#40;ml&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">14 &#40;19&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#8211;90&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">56&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">68&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
              ]
              "imagenFichero" => array:1 [
                0 => "xTab682455.png"
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spar0055" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Results of non-invasive uroflowmetry &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>78&#41;&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
      2 => array:7 [
        "identificador" => "tbl0015"
        "etiqueta" => "Table 3"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "tabla" => array:2 [
          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0070" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">SD&#58; standard deviation&#46;</p>"
          "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "tabla" => array:1 [
                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Mean &#40;SD&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Median&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Range&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Percentile2&#46;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Percentile5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Percentile95&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Percentile97&#46;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Volume at the first fullness &#40;ml&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">169 &#40;106&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">163&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">16&#8211;549&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">25&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">34&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">321&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">400&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Volume at first desire to void &#40;ml&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">297 &#40;128&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">275&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">107&#8211;701&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">115&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">125&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">521&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">539&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Volume at first intense desire to void &#40;ml&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">429 &#40;127&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">423&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">164&#8211;984&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">174&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">220&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">622&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">626&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Maximum cystometric capacity &#40;ml&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">453 &#40;115&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">442&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">180&#8211;949&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">201&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">236&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">626&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">642&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Detrusor pressure at the start of filling &#40;cmH<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>O&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1 &#40;2&#44;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8722;5&#8211;7&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8722;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8722;2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Detrusor pressure at the end of filling &#40;cmH<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>O&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">5 &#40;3&#44;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8722;1&#8211;17&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#8722;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">12&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">15&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Accommodation &#40;ml&#47;cmH<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>O&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">166 &#40;128&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">110&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">20&#8211;626&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">33&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">46&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">466&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">522&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
              ]
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                0 => "xTab682457.png"
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        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spar0065" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Results of filling cystometry&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
      3 => array:7 [
        "identificador" => "tbl0020"
        "etiqueta" => "Table 4"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "tabla" => array:2 [
          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0080" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">SD&#58; standard deviation&#46;</p>"
          "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "tabla" => array:1 [
                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Mean &#40;SD&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Median&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Range&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Percentile2&#46;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Percentile5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Percentile95&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Percentile97&#46;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Maximum flow&#40;ml&#47;s&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">27 &#40;10&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">26&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">7&#8211;55&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">7&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">10&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">47&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">48&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Detrusor pressure at maximum flow &#40;cmH<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>O&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">23 &#40;11&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">21&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">6&#8211;72&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">8&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">10&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">44&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">47&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Detrusor pressure at maximum flow &#40;cmH<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>O&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">35 &#40;15&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">30&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">7&#8211;78&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">12&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">14&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">68&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">75&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Urinated volume &#40;ml&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">467 &#40;134&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">466&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">165&#8211;972&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">187&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">233&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">654&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">735&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Postvoid residual &#40;ml&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">25 &#40;68&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#8211;410&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">190&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">220&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
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          "en" => "<p id="spar0075" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Results of voiding cystometry &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>97&#41;&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
      4 => array:7 [
        "identificador" => "tbl0025"
        "etiqueta" => "Table 5"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "tabla" => array:2 [
          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0090" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">MCC&#58; maximum cystometric capacity&#59; SD&#58; standard deviation&#46;</p>"
          "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "tabla" => array:1 [
                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Mean &#40;SD&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Range&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Median&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Number of contractions&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">3&#46;3 &#40;1&#46;8&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#8211;6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Maximum detrusor contraction &#40;cmH<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>O&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">18 &#40;12&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">6&#8211;60&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">14&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Volume first detrusor contraction &#40;ml&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">166 &#40;120&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#8211;533&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">143&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Percentage of MCC in first detrusor contraction&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">41 &#40;26&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#8211;86&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">35&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
              ]
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        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spar0085" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Characteristics of detrusor overactivity in women with symptoms of pure stress urinary incontinence &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>19&#41;&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "bibliografia" => array:2 [
      "titulo" => "References"
      "seccion" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "bibs0005"
          "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:25 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0130"
              "etiqueta" => "1"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "titulo" => "Urinary incontinence&#58; the management of urinary incontinence in women&#46; NICE clinical guide 171"
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Libro" => array:5 [
                        "fecha" => "2013"
                        "paginaInicial" => "1"
                        "paginaFinal" => "46"
                        "editorial" => "National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence"
                        "editorialLocalizacion" => "London"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            1 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0135"
              "etiqueta" => "2"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Fourth International Consultation on Incontinence Recommendations of the International Scientific Committee&#58; evaluation and treatment of urinary incontinence&#44; pelvic organ prolapsed&#44; and fecal incontinence"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "P&#46; Abrams"
                            1 => "K&#46;E&#46; Andersson"
                            2 => "L&#46; Birder"
                            3 => "L&#46; Brubaker"
                            4 => "L&#46; Cardozo"
                            5 => "C&#46; Chapple"
                          ]
                        ]
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Article information

ISSN: 21735786
Original language: English

DOI:10.1016/j.acuroe.2015.01.007

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Year/Month	Html	Pdf	Total

2023 March	1	0	1
2018 October	1	0	1
2018 March	0	1	1
2018 February	6	0	6
2018 January	8	0	8
2017 December	5	0	5
2017 November	8	1	9
2017 October	14	1	15
2017 September	3	0	3
2017 August	21	2	23
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2017 June	12	5	17
2017 May	13	2	15
2017 April	22	9	31
2017 March	19	28	47
2016 December	0	3	3
2016 November	0	3	3
2016 October	0	6	6
2016 August	0	1	1
2016 June	0	1	1
2016 May	0	11	11
2016 April	0	3	3
2016 March	0	7	7
2016 February	0	13	13
2015 November	0	3	3
2015 September	0	1	1
2015 April	0	1	1
2015 March	0	2	2

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