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Vol. 52. Issue 1.
Pages 5-12 (January 2000)
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Vol. 52. Issue 1.
Pages 5-12 (January 2000)
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Cirugía de revascularización en aneurismas extraparenquimatosos de arteria renal: indicaciones quirúrgicas y resultados
Revascularization of extraparenchymal renal artery aneurysms: surgical indications and results
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Jorge Cuenca, José Porto, Julio Rodríguez, Belén García, Martín Veras, Roberto Jiménez
Ricardo Gesto
Servicio de Angiología y Cirugía Vascular (Jefe de Servicio Prof. Dr. Ricardo Gesto Castromil). Hospital Universitario «Doce de Octubre». Madrid (España)
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Resumen
Objetivos

Revisión retrospectiva del manejo quirúrgico de los aneurismas extraparenquimatosos de arteria renal.

Material y métodos

Desde Enero de 1978 a Diciembre de 1998 hemos intervenido a 18 pacientes (13 hombres y 5 mujeres) de edad media 50 años (rango: 20-77), portadores de 22 aneurismas de arteria renal. 2 pacientes eran monorrenos. 16 pacientes (16/18; 90%) eran hipertensos; en 11 de ellos (11/16; 70%) un estudio selectivo de reniñas y/o un test del captopril demostró hipertensión vasculorenal. 6 pacientes sufrían Insuficiencia Renal Crónica (6/18; 33.3%).

Se intervinieron 20 aneurismas en 18 pacientes. 8 pacientes precisaron cirugía aórtica asociada. La respuesta de la tensión arterial y de la función renal fue analizada. La tasa de permeabilidad acumulada se calculó a través de Tablas de Vida.

Resultados

Ningún paciente falleció en la intervención ni en el postoperatorio. La permeabilidad primaria fue del 100%. Los dos pacientes monorrenos mejoraron clínicamente de su insuficiencia renal. La tasa de curación/mejoría de la hipertensión arterial a largo plazo fue del 70%. 2 reconstrucciones se ocluyeron en evolución a los 6 y 24 meses, obteniéndose una tasa de permeabilidad acumulada del 89.3%

Conclusiones

Los aneurismas de arteria renal constituyen una patología poco común, pudiendo ser intervenidos con una baja morbimortalidad con buena permeabilidad a largo plazo. Creemos que la cirugía est´ indicada en caso de Hipertensión Renovascular o Nefropatía Isquémica asociada así como en caso de patología aórtica oclusiva o aneurismática asociada. Pensamos que la vena safena es el injerto de elección salvo en particulares circunstancias.

Palabras clave:
Aneurisma de arteria renal
Hipertensión Renovascular
Nefropatía Isquémica
Summary
Objectives

A retrospective review of revascularization surgery in extraparenchymatous aneurysms of the renal artery.

Materials and methods

Between January 1978 and December 1998 we have operated on 18 patients (13 men and 5 women) of an average age of 50 (ranging from 20 to 77), with 22 renal artery aneurysms. 2 patients had only one kidney, 16 patients (16/18; 90%) suffered from hypertension; in 11 of them (11/16; 70%) a selective study of renin and/or a captopril test showed vasculorenal hypertension. 6 patients were suffering from Chronic Renal Insufficiency (6/18; 33.3%). 20 aneurysms were operated on in 18 patients. 8 patients required associated aortic surgery. The response in arterial pressure and renal function was analysed. The degree of accumulated permeability was calculated using Mortality Tables.

Results

No patient died during the operations nor during the postoperative period. Primary permeability was 100%. The two single-kidney patients clinically improved their renal insufficiency. The long-term cure/improvement rate for arterial hypertension was 70%. 2 reconstructions became occluded during their evolution after 6 and 24months, with an accumulated permeability rate of 89.3%.

Conclusions

Renal artery aneurysms are an uncommon disease, and can be treated with a low morbidity/mortality rate with good permeability in the long term. We believe that surgery is indicated in the case of Renovascular Hypertension or associated Ischemic Nephrosis and in cases of associated occlusive or aneurysinatic aortic pathology. We believe the saphenous vein is the graft to be used except under special circumstances.

Key words:
Renal artery aneurysm
Renovascular hypertension
Ischemic Nephrosis
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Copyright © 2000. SEACV
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