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Inicio Angiología Ergotismo: revisión de la bibliografía y presentación de casos
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Vol. 55. Issue 4.
Pages 311-321 (January 2003)
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Vol. 55. Issue 4.
Pages 311-321 (January 2003)
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Ergotismo: revisión de la bibliografía y presentación de casos
Ergotism: review of the literature and some case reports
Ergotismo: revisão da bibliografia ea presentação de casos
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J.F. Dilmé-Muñoz
Corresponding author
jdilme@hsp.santpau.es

Correspondencia: Servicio de Angiología, Cirugía Vascular y Endovascular. Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau. Avda. SantAntoni M. Claret, 167. E-08025 Barcelona.
, J. Barreiro-Veiguela, M. Yeste-Campos, J.R. Escudero-Rodríguez, S. Llagostera-Pujol, J.M. Mestres-Sals, E. Viver-Manresa
Servicio de Angiología, Cirugía Vascular y Endovascular. Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau. Barcelona, España.
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Article information
Resumen
Introducción

Aunque elergotismo o fuego de sanAntonio tiene múltiples presentaciones, la más común en la actualidad es la isquemiaperiféricasecundaria a vasoespasmo, que ocurre entre un 0,001-0,002% de aquellos pacientes en tratamiento con alcaloides ergóticos.

Objetivo

Realizar un estudio retrospectivo de la isquemia ergótica en nuestro medio, y, dado que no existe una pauta de actuación estandarizada a seguir, basándonos en nuestraexperienciapersonalen el Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (HSCSP)y en la diversa bibliografía consultada, plantear una terapéutica basada principalmente en la retirada de ergóticos y en la infusión endovenosa de prostaglandinas, concretamente alprostadil(PGE1)-α-ciclo-dextrano (Sugiran®), por su gran efecto vasodilatador arterial y su acción antiagregante plaquetaria.

Pacientes y métodos

Presentamos la serie de nuestro grupo de trabajo en los últimos cinco años, que incluye cuatro casos de isquemia arterial (dos hombres y dos mujeres) con afectación de las extremidades inferiores en tres casos y las superiores en uno. Todos los casos se trataron con supresión de ergóticos, infusión endovenosa de alprostadil(PGE1)-α-ciclo-dextrano, más fármacos coadyuvantes en algunos casos (heparinas, antiagregantes y hemorreológicos).

Resultados

Los pacientes presentaron una franca mejoría tras la retirada de los ergóticos; desapareció la amenaza para la extremidad y el dolor en reposo entre 24 y 72 h tras el inicio de la infusión de prostaglandinas. El cuadro clínico mejoró en pocos días, y se recuperaron los pulsos distales en la totalidad de los casos.

Conclusiones

Consideramos el uso de alprostadil(PGE1)-α-ciclo-dextrano como una opción terapéutica válida en el tratamiento de la isquemia de etiología ergótica.

Palabras clave:
Alprostadil(PGE1)-α-ciclo-dextrano
Ergotismo
Fuego de san Antonio
Isquemia arterial
Supresión de ergóticos
Tratamiento vasodilatador
Summary
Introduction

Although ergotism, or Saint Anthony's fire, presents in a number of different ways, the most common today is peripheral ischemia secondary to vasospasm, which occurs in 0.001-0.002% of patients receiving therapy with ergot alkaloids.

Aims

To carry out a retrospective study of ischemiafrom ergot in our local population. Since there are no standard guidelines of conduct to befollowed, we based our work on our own experience at the Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (HSCSP) andon the wide range ofliterature we consulted, with the aim of suggesting a therapy that is based mainly on the withdrawal of ergot-containing drugs and on the intravenous infusion of prostaglandins, more specifically, alprostadil(PGE1)-alpha-cyclo-dextrane (Sugiran®), due to its important properties as an arterial vasodilator andas an antiplatelet drug.

Patients and methods

We present the series of our workgroup over the last five years, which includes four cases of arterial ischemia (two males and two females) with involvement ofthe lowerlimbs in three cases andofthe upperextremities in one. All the cases were treated by suppressing ergot-containing drugs, the intravenous infusion of alprostadil(PGE1)-alpha-cyclo-dextrane, and adjunct medication in some cases (heparins and antiplatelet and hemorrheologic drugs).

Results

The patients showeda marked improvement after the withdrawal ofthe ergot-containing drugs; the threat to the limb andpain at rest disappearedbetween 24 and 72 hours of starting the infusion of prostaglandins. Clinical features improved in a few days and distal pulses were regained in all cases.

Conclusions

We consider the use of alprostadil(PGE1)-alpha-cyclo-dextrane to be a valid therapeutic option in the treatment of ischemia causedby ergot.

key words:
Alprostadil(PGE1)-alpha-cyclo-dextrane
Arterial ischemia
Ergotism
Saint Anthony's fire
Suppression of ergot-containing drugs
Vasodilator treatment
Resumo
Introdução

Embora o ergotismo, oufogo de Santo António, tem múltiplas apresentações, a mais comum actualmente é a isquemia periférica secund´ria ao vasoespasmo, que ocorreem 0,001-0,002%daqueles doentes em tratamento com alcalóides ergóticos.

Objectivo

Realizar um estudo retrospectivo da isquemia ergótica no nosso meio, e dado que não existe um esquema de actuação padronizado a seguir, baseandonos na nossa experiénciapessoal no Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (HSCSP) e na diversa bibliografia consultada, considerar uma terapéutica baseada principalmente na retirada de ergóticos e na infusão endovenosa de prostaglandinas, concretamente, alprostadil(PGE1)-α-ciclo-dextrano (Sugiran®), pelo seu grande efeito vasodilatador arterial e sua acção antiagregante plaquetária.

Doentes e métodos

Apresentamos a série do nosso grupo de trabalho nos últimos cinco anos, que inclui quatro casos de isquemia arterial (dois homens e duas mulheres), com envolvimento dos membros inferiores em três casos e membros superiores numa. Todos os casos foram tratados com supressão de ergóticos, infusão endovenosa de alprostadil (PGE1)-α-ciclo-dextrano, mais fármacos coadjuvantes em alguns casos (heparinas, antiagregantes e hemorreológicos).

Resultados

Os doentes apresentaram uma franca melhoria após a retirada dos ergóticos; desapareceu a ameaça para o membro e a dor em repouso entre 24 a 72 horas do início da infusão de prostaglandinas. O quadro clínico melhorou em poucos dias e recuperaramse os pulsos distais na totalidade dos casos.

Conclusões

Consideramos o uso de alprostadil(PGE1)-α-ciclo-dextrano uma opção terapêutica válida no tratamento da isquemia de etiologia ergótica.

Palavras chave:
Alprostadil(PGE1)-α-ciclo-dextrano
Ergotismo
Fogo de Santo António
Isquemia arterial
Supressão de ergóticos
Tratamento vasodilatador
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