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Vol. 57. Issue 5.
Pages 381-388 (January 2005)
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Vol. 57. Issue 5.
Pages 381-388 (January 2005)
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¿Es la arteriografía preoperatoria un método tan infalible como se cree?
Is preoperative arteriography such a fail-safe method as we think?
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J.M. Martín-Pedrosab, J.A. González-Fajardoa,
Corresponding author
jafajardo@jet.es

Correspondencia: Servicio de Angiología y Cirugía Vascular. Hospital Clínico Universitario. Avda. Ramón y Cajal, s/n. E-47003 Valladolid. Fax: +34 983 257 511.
, M.L. del Río-Soláa, N. Cenizo-Revueltaa, I. del Blanco-Alonsoa, V.M. Gutiérrez-Alonsoa, S. Carreraa, C. Vaquero-Puertaa
a Servicio de Angiología y Cirugía Vascular. Hospital Clínico Universitario. Valladolid.
b Unidad de Angiología y Cirugía Vascular. Hospital General Yagüe. Burgos, España.
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Resumen
Introducción

Aunque la arteriografía se considera el patrón de referencia para la valoración de la arteriopatía periférica, la variabilidad en su interpretación es causa frecuente de disparidad diagnóstica y de tratamiento.

Objetivo

Valorar la fiabilidad diagnóstica de la arteriografía preoperatoria y determinar la precisión y variabilidad interobservador, así como su implicación en la toma de decisiones terapéuticas.

Pacientes y métodos

Se diseñó un estudio prospectivo en el que 100 angiografías de extremidades inferiores, seleccionadas aleatoriamente, se evaluaron de manera ciega e independiente por tres cirujanos vasculares. Las arterias se categorizaron como permeables, gravemente enfermas, ocluidas o no diagnóstica a diferentes niveles. La concordancia se expresó como valores κ y se analizó la opción terapéutica propuesta por cada observador basada en la historia clínica y hallazgos angiográficos.

Resultados

El porcentaje de segmentos arteriales no identificados en la arteriografía preoperatoria (no diagnósticos) fue sorprendentemente elevado: 18% tibial anterior, 21% tibial posterior, 28% peronea. La concordancia global fue buena en segmento aórtico (κ=0,78), ilíaco (κ=0,76), femoral (κ=0,61) y poplíteo supragenicular (κ=0,64); moderado para poplítea infragenicular (κ=0,50), y pobre para troncos tibiales (κ=0,22). Aunque en el 70% de casos los tres observadores propusieron idéntico tratamiento (κ=0,65, concordancia alta), en un 30% el plan terapéutico inicial basado en la angiografía preoperatoria no coincidía, y en un 19% de los casos este plan debió modificarse de acuerdo con los hallazgos intraoperatorios.

Conclusiones

La importante variabilidad interobservador en la valoración de segmentos infrageniculares debe tenerse en cuenta cuando otros métodos diagnósticos se comparan con la angiografía preoperatoria. Este trabajo cuestiona su fiabilidad, enfatiza la necesidad de estudios angiográficos intraoperatorios y señala un importante sesgo en la interpretación de publicaciones cuando se intenta comparar esta prueba preoperatoria con respecto a otros métodos no invasivos.

Palabras clave:
Arteriografía
Diagnóstico intraoperatorio
Eco-Doppler
Enfermedad arterial periférica
Medios diagnósticos
Variabilidad interobservador
Summary
Introduction

Although arteriography is considered to be the reference standard for evaluation of peripheral arterial disease, the variations in its interpretation often lead to disparities in both diagnosis and in treatment. Aims. Our aim was to assess the diagnostic reliability of preoperative arteriography and to determine interobserver variability and accuracy, as well as the role it plays in making decisions about therapy.

Patients and methods

A prospective study was designed in which 100 randomly selected angiography scans of lower extremities were examined by 3 vascular surgeons in a blind, independent manner. Arteries were classed as being patent, severely ill, occluded or not diagnosed at different levels. Agreement was expressed as κ values, and we analysed the therapeutic option proposed by each observer based on the patient record and angiography findings.

Results

The percentage of arterial segments that were not identified in the preoperative arteriography (not diagnosed) was surprisingly high: 18% tibialis anterior; 21% tibialis posterior; 28% peroneal. Overall agreement was good in the aortic (κ =0.78), iliac (κ =0.76), femoral (κ =0.61) and above-the-knee popliteal (κ =0.64) segments; it was found to be moderate for the below-the-knee popliteal segment (κ =0.50), and poor for the tibial branches (κ =0.22). Although the 3 observers proposed identical treatment in 70% of the cases (κ =0.65, high agreement), in 30% of cases the initial therapy plan based on the preoperative angiography did not coincide, and in 19% of cases this plan had to be modified to fit intraoperative findings.

Conclusions

The important degree of interobserver variability seen in the evaluation of below-the-knee segments must be taken into account when other methods of diagnosis are compared to preoperative angiography. In this work we question its reliability, underline the need for intraoperative angiographic studies and call attention to an important bias in the interpretation of publications when attempts are made to compare this preoperative test with other non-invasive methods.

key words:
Arteriography
Doppler ultrasound
Interobserver variability
Intraoperative diagnosis
Means of diagnosis
Peripheral arterial disease
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Copyright © 2005. SEACV
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