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Vol. 57. Issue 4.
Pages 329-334 (January 2005)
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Vol. 57. Issue 4.
Pages 329-334 (January 2005)
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Insuficiencia venosa superficial de miembros inferiores. ¿Cuál es el punto de fuga?
Superficial venous insufficiency in the lower limbs. where is the leakage point?
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S. Tagarro-Villalbaa,
Corresponding author
stagarro@hsm.seris.es

Correspondencia: Servicio de Angiologia y Cirugía Vascular. Complejo Hospitalario San Millán-San Pedro. Avda. Autonomía de La Rioja, 3. E-26004 Logroño (La Rioja)
, M.E. González-Gonzáleza, M. García-Gimenoa, M. Vicente-Santiagob, S.J. Rodríguez-Camareroa
a Servicio de Angiologia y Cirugía Vascular. Complejo Hospitalario San Millán-San Pedro. Logroño, La Rioja
b Servicio de Angiologia y Cirugía Vascular I. Hospital Central Universitario de Asturias. Oviedo, Asturias, España
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Resumen
Introducción

La causa más frecuente de varices es el reflujo en el confluente safenofemoral, pero no es la única. La correcta identificación preoperatoria de los puntos de fuga (PF) parece básica a la hora de plantear una correcta indicación quirúrgica.

Objetivo

Identificar los diferentes PF en los pacientes enviados por varices primarias no evolucionadas.

Pacientes y métodos

Durante el año 2003 se realizó un eco-Doppler (ED) venoso a todos los pacientes incluidos en el estudio. La exploración se llevó a cabo en bipedestación, sobre la extremidad de mayor relevancia clínica, mediante las maniobras de compresión-relajación, Valsalva y Paraná. Los resultados se almacenaron en una base de datos informática y en una cartografía hemodinámica.

Resultados

Se objetivó reflujo safeno en 95 pacientes y no safeno en 5. El flujo retrógrado afectó a la safena interna en 87 pacientes y en 12 a la externa. Sólo el 71% de los flujos retrógrados de la interna fueron ostiales puros, presentando 30 pacientes un PF diferente a los cayados de safena, ya fuese aislado o asociado a éste.

Conclusión

En un porcentaje no despreciable de pacientes el PF no se sitúa en los cayados safenianos, o existe más de uno, por lo que la cirugía no guiada por ED podría conllevar un inadecuado tratamiento y contribuir a la elevación de la tasa de recidivas.

Palabras clave:
Eco-Doppler
Diagnóstico
Flujo retrógrado
Insuficiencia venosa
Tratamiento quirúrgico
Varices
Summary
Introduction

The origin of varicose veins most often lies in the backflow that occurs in the saphenofemoral junction, but it is not the only cause. Correct preoperative identification of the leakage points (LP) is essential when it comes to designing the right surgical approach.

Aims

The aim of this study was to identify the different LP in patients referred because of undeveloped primary varicose veins.

Patients and methods

Throughout the year 2003 all the patients included in the study were submitted to venous Doppler ultrasound recording (DU). The examination (of the clinically more affected limb) was performed while patients were standing, using the compression-relaxation, Valsalva and Paraná manoeuvres. Results were saved in a computer database and in a blood map.

Results

Saphenous backflow was observed in 95 patients and in 5 of them it was non-saphenous. Backflow affected the great saphenous vein in 87 patients and in 12 of them it involved the small saphenous vein. Only 71% of the backflows in the great saphenous vein were purely ostial, and 30 patients presented an LP other than the saphenous arches, some being isolated while others were associated to it.

Conclusions

In a fairly important number of patients, the LP is not situated in the saphenous arches, or there are more than one, and therefore surgery that is not guided by DU could lead to unsuitable treatment and contribute to an increase in the rates of relapses.

Key words:
Backflow
Diagnosis
Doppler ultrasound
Surgical treatment
Varicose veins
Venous insufficiency
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Copyright © 2005. SEACV
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