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Vol. 57. Issue 1.
Pages 61-69 (January 2005)
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Vol. 57. Issue 1.
Pages 61-69 (January 2005)
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Reparación endovascular de lesiones de aorta torácica descendente poscoartación
Endovascular repair of post-coarctation lesions in the descending thoracic aorta
Reparação endovascular de lesões da aorta torácica descendente pós-coarctação
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J. de Haro-Miralles
Corresponding author
ximodeharo@yahoo.es

Correspondencia: Servicio de Angiología y Cirugía Vascular. Hospital Universitario de Getafe. Ctra. Toledo, km 12,5. E-28905 Getafe (Madrid)
, F. Acín-García, A. López-Quintana de Carlos, F.J. Medina-Maldonado, F. Utrilla-Fernández
Servicio de Angiologia y Cirugía Vascular. Hospital Universitario de Getafe. Getafe, Madrid, España
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Resumen
Objetivo

Presentamos dos casos de aneurisma de aorta torácica descendente (AATD) secundarios a coartación aórtica (CA) tratados mediante técnica endovascular.

Casos clínicos

Caso 1: varón de 28 años intervenido de CA a los 3 meses de edad (coartectomía con anastomosis terminoterminal) y reintervenido a los 8 años (aortoplastia con parche de Dacron), que presenta una dilatación de 60 mm del área previamente intervenida y que interesa la salida de la arteria subclavia izquierda (ASI), con gradiente transaórtico de 21 mmHg. Requirió la realización de un bypass carotidosubclavio previo a la reparación aneurismática, implantando posteriormente dos endoprótesis solapadas tipo Talent de 26 × 130 mm y de 30 × 36 × 115 mm. Caso 2: mujer de 35 años, sin antecedentes personales de interés, con AAT descendente de 42 × 39 mm a 16 mm de la salida de la ASI, portadora de CA con gradiente transaórtico de 28 mmHg. Se implantó una endoprótesis aórtica tipo Talent de 32 × 130 mm con extremo proximal no recubierto en cayado aórtico proximal a ASI, sin oclusión de la salida de troncos supraaórticos, asociando una dilatación con balón de la zona residual de estenosis de la coartación. En ambos casos los AAT se excluyeron totalmente, sin fugas demostrables angiográfica ni topográficamente y sin gradientes transaórticos residuales. El resultado en el control clínico a 24 y 18 meses, los pacientes se encuentran asintomáticos, con el saco aneurismático trombosado y ausencia de fugas.

Conclusión

Pese a que la respuesta del material y duración a largo plazo de las actuales endoprótesis se desconocen, el procedimiento endovascular puede convertirse en la técnica de elección en un número sustancial de pacientes con patología en aorta torácica descendente.

Palabras clave:
Aneurisma
Aorta torácica
Coartación
Endovascular
Pseudoaneurisma
Stent recubierto
Summary
Aims

We report on two cases of aneurysm of the descending thoracic aorta (DTA) secondary to aortic coarctation (AC) which were treated using endovascular techniques.

Case reports

Case 1: a 28-year-old male who underwent an intervention to correct AC at the age of 3 months (coarctectomy with end-to-end anastomosis) and was submitted to surgery again at the age of 8 years (Dacron patch aortoplasty); there was a 60 mm dilatation of the area of the previous intervention with involvement of the exit point of the left subclavian artery (LSA), with a transaortic gradient of 21 mmHg. The patient required the placement of a carotid-subclavian bypass before aneurysmal repair, and later two overlapping 26 × 130 mm and 30 × 36 × 115 mm Talent-type stent grafts were implanted. Case 2: a 35-year-old female with no history of relevant clinical events, who had a 42 × 39 mm aneurysm of the DTA 16 mm from the exit point of the LSA; the patient was a carrier of AC with a transaortic gradient of 28 mmHg. A 32 × 130 mm Talent-type aortic stent graft with a non-covered proximal end was placed in the aortic arch proximal to the LSA, without occluding the exit of the supra-aortic trunks, and with the association of balloon dilatation of the stenotic region that remained from the coarctation. In both cases the aneurysms of the DTA were totally excluded, with no leaks that could be verified angiographically or topographically, and with no residual transaortic gradients. Results in the clinical control at 24 and 18 months showed that the patients are asymptomatic, with a thrombosed aneurysmal sac and absence of leaks.

Conclusions

Despite the fact that the performance of the materials and the long-term duration of stent grafts in current use are unknown, the endovascular procedure may become the preferred technique in a substantial number of patients with a pathological condition affecting the descending thoracic aorta.

Key words:
Aneurysm
Coarctation
Covered stent
Endovascular
Pseudoaneurysm
Thoracic aorta
Resumo
Objectivo

Apresentamos dois casos de aneurisma da aorta torácica descendente (AATD) secundários a coarctação aórtica (CA) tratados mediante técnica endovascular.

Casos clínicos

Caso 1: homem de 28 anos intervencionado por CA aos 3 meses de idade (coarctectomia com anastomose terminoterminal) e reintervencionado aos 8 anos (aortoplastia com tela de Dacron), que apresenta uma dilatação de 60 mm da área previamente intervencionada e que respeita à saída da artéria subclávia esquerda (ASI), com gradiente transaórtica de 21 mmHg. Requereu a realização de um

bypass

carotidosubclávio prévio para a reparação aneurismática, implantando posteriormente duas endopróteses ocultas tipo Talent de 26 × 130 mm e de 30 × 36 × 115 mm. Caso 2: mulher de 35 anos, sem antecedentes pessoais de interesse, com AAT descendente de 42 × 39 mm a 16 mm da saída da ASI, portadora de CA com gradiente transaórtica de 28 mmHg. Implantou-se uma endoprótese aórtica tipo Talent de 32 × 130 mm com extremidade proximal não recoberta no arco aórtico junto à ASI, sem oclusão da saída das artérias supra-aórticas, associando uma dilatação com gases da zona residual de estenose da coarctação. Em ambos os casos, os AAT excluem-se totalmente, sem fugas demonstráveis, angiográfica nem topograficamente, e sem gradiente transaórtica residual. No resultado do controlo clínico a 24 e 18 meses, os doentes encontram-se assintomáticos, com a bolsa aneurismática trombosada e ausência de fugas.

Conclusão

Pesa o facto de a resposta do material e duração a longo prazo das actuais endopróteses se desconhecer, o procedimento endovascular pode converter-se na técnica de eleição num número substancial de doentes com patologia na aorta torácica descendente.

Palavras chave:
Aneurisma
Aorta torácica
Coarctação
Endovascular
Prótese recoberta
Pseudoaneurisma
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Copyright © 2005. SEACV
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