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Guixeres Esteve, A.O. Pardo Saiz" "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => array:4 [ "nombre" => "M.C." "apellidos" => "Guixeres Esteve" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "mariaguixeres@gmail.com" ] "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">*</span>" "identificador" => "cor0005" ] ] ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "A.O." "apellidos" => "Pardo Saiz" ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "entidad" => "Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Dr. Peset, Valencia, Spain" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor0005" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Corresponding author</span>." ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Enfermedad de Coats con edema macular sensible al aflibercept y láser argón" ] ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0010" "etiqueta" => "Fig. 2" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr2.jpeg" "Alto" => 787 "Ancho" => 960 "Tamanyo" => 93079 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Broad field right eye FAG, showing hyperfluorescence corresponding to posterior pole vascular alterations and temporal periphery, with exudation.</p>" ] ] ] "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0045">Introduction</span><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Coats’ disease is a nonhereditary entity of unknown cause, characterized by retinal telangiectasia, microaneurysms, retinal exudation and non-perfused retinal areas which are not usually associated to neovascularization. Said disease is unilateral in 90% of cases, mostly affecting young males with a mean age of 5 years. Shields et al.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> proposed a new classification in which stage 1 is characterized by the presence of telangiectasia: stage 2 involves the finding of telangiectasia and exudation (2A with extrafoveal exudation and 2B with foveal exudation), stage 3 is defined by the presence of exudative retina detachment (3A partial, 3B complete); stage 4 involves complete retina detachment and secondary glaucoma, while stage 5 is the terminal disease.</p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The biggest development in the treatment of Coats’ disease in recent times is intravitreal administration of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agents. The most widely used medicament in the literature is bevacizumab, which has demonstrated its effectiveness for improving visual acuity (VA) as well as for diminishing exudation, administered on its own or jointly with other treatment modes.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0060"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2,3</span></a></p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0050">Clinic case report</span><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Male, 14, who visited the emergency department of the authors’ hospital in November 2013 due to diminished vision in the right eye (RE) beginning one year before. Best corrected visual acuity was 0.1 in the RE and one in the left eye (LE). RE funduscopy showed microaneurysms in the posterior pole with abundant hard exudates and macular oedema (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig. 1</a>). In addition, the temporal periphery exhibited telangiectasia. Broad field fluorescein angiography (FAG) with Optomap<span class="elsevierStyleSup">®</span> (Optos plc, Dunfermline, Scotland, United Kingdom) evidenced hyperfluorescence corresponding to said vascular alterations (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Fig. 2</a>) and exudation in late times, compatible with Coats’ disease in stage 2B. Macular optical coherence tomography (OCT) (Cirrus<span class="elsevierStyleSup">®</span> HD-OCT, Carl Zeiss Meditec, Germany) showed abundant hyper-reflective areas due to hard exudates and cystic macular oedema with a maximum height of 959<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>μm (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0015">Fig. 3</a>). LE examination revealed only chorioretinal atrophy plaque in the inferior temporal periphery.</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0015"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">It was decided to apply intravitreal treatment with 3 ranibizumab 0.5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg at monthly intervals followed by photocoagulation of vascular alterations. Ten months after diagnostic, in September 2014, after 5 intravitreal ranibizumab and 2 laser sessions, VA had improved to 0.5. Macular oedema, which at baseline had 959<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>μm, also diminished to 458<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>μm. However, as it persisted, a sixth dose of ranibizumab was decided.</p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In November 2014, one month after the last intravitreal ranibizumab, the condition of the patient worsened, with VA diminishing to 0.2 and the oedema increasing to 553<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>μm.</p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">It was decided to continue treatment with 2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg intravitreal aflibercept, administering 4 doses, the last in June 2015. In addition, in this time interval 2 additional laser sessions were carried out.</p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Since then, the patient remains with preserved foveal profile and some residual cysts, as well as disruption of external layers at the temporal perifoveolar level (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0020">Fig. 4</a>). VA has remained at 0.5. The microperimetry carried out with the MAIA<span class="elsevierStyleSup">®</span> microperimeter (CenterVue Spa, Padova, Italy) for said eye showed adequate fixation stability and temporal paracentral scotoma.</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0020"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0055">Discussion</span><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">At present, the indicated treatment for Coats’ disease in stages 2 and 3 is argon laser ablation therapy of vascular anomalies and administration of anti-VEGF agent.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0070"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> The most widely used medicament reported in the literature is bevacizumab<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0060"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2,3,5</span></a> followed by ranibizumab<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0080"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a> and pegaptanib.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0085"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a></p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">High VEGF concentrations have been observed in the aqueous humor, vitreous and subretinal fluid of patients with Coats’ disease.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0070"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4,5,8</span></a> The study by Zhao et al.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0090"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a> has also demonstrated a correlation between VEGF levels and the severity of the disease.</p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A recent paper has evidenced the presence of retinochoroidal anastomosis and type 3 choroidal neovascularization in Coats’ disease.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0095"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9</span></a></p><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Several studies have obtained satisfactory response to treatment with aflibercept in patients with age-related macular degeneration who had received multiple doses of ranibizumab.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0100"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a></p><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The present patient exhibited severe exudative changes and did not respond adequately to the combined treatment comprising laser photocoagulation and intravitreal ranibizumab, for which reason it was decided to continue with aflibercept, that provided a positive response.</p><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The present paper seems to be the first published case of Coats’ disease treated with aflibercept. Additional studies with higher numbers of cases should be carried out in order to validate this treatment.</p></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0060">Conflict of interests</span><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">No conflict of interests was declared by the authors in relation to the contents of this paper.</p></span></span>" "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [ "secciones" => array:10 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "xres856917" "titulo" => "Abstract" "secciones" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0005" "titulo" => "Clinical case" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0010" "titulo" => "Discussion" ] ] ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xpalclavsec850962" "titulo" => "Keywords" ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "xres856918" "titulo" => "Resumen" "secciones" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0015" "titulo" => "Caso clínico" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0020" "titulo" => "Discusión" ] ] ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xpalclavsec850963" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" ] 4 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0005" "titulo" => "Introduction" ] 5 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0010" "titulo" => "Clinic case report" ] 6 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0015" "titulo" => "Discussion" ] 7 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0020" "titulo" => "Conflict of interests" ] 8 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xack287338" "titulo" => "Acknowledgment" ] 9 => array:1 [ "titulo" => "References" ] ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "2016-08-01" "fechaAceptado" => "2016-11-20" "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [ "en" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Keywords" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec850962" "palabras" => array:4 [ 0 => "Coats’ disease" 1 => "Argon laser" 2 => "Ranibizumab" 3 => "Aflibercept" ] ] ] "es" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec850963" "palabras" => array:4 [ 0 => "Enfermedad de Coats" 1 => "Láser argón" 2 => "Ranibizumab" 3 => "Aflibercept" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:2 [ "en" => array:3 [ "titulo" => "Abstract" "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Clinical case</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A 14 year-old boy with Coats’ disease in his right eye, presented with a visual acuity (VA) of 0.1, micro-aneurysms, exudates, a macular oedema of 959 microns, and peripheral telangiectasias. After 12 months follow-up with 6 ranibizumab injections and 3 sessions of argon laser photocoagulation, the macular oedema remained and VA was 0.2. Following 4 aflibercept injections and another 2 laser sessions, he had a good foveal slope and a VA of 0.5, with no recurrences in the last 12 months.</p></span> <span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Discussion</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Treatment with aflibercept and argon laser was effective in our patient with stage 2B Coats’ disease and macular oedema unresponsive to ranibizumab.</p></span>" "secciones" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0005" "titulo" => "Clinical case" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0010" "titulo" => "Discussion" ] ] ] "es" => array:3 [ "titulo" => "Resumen" "resumen" => "<span id="abst0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Caso clínico</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Varón de 14 años con enfermedad de Coats en su ojo derecho. Agudeza visual (AV) 0,1. Microaneurismas, exudados, edema macular de 959<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>μm y telangiectasias periféricas. Tras 12 meses iniciales con 6 inyecciones de ranibizumab y 3 sesiones de láser argón, persistía edema macular de 553<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>μm y AV 0,2. Después de 4 dosis de aflibercept y otras 2 sesiones de láser, presenta buen perfil foveal y AV 0,5, sin recurrencias desde hace 12 meses.</p></span> <span id="abst0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0030">Discusión</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">El tratamiento con aflibercept combinado con láser argón, resultó efectivo en nuestro paciente con enfermedad de Coats en estadio 2B y edema macular, con respuesta incompleta al ranibizumab.</p></span>" "secciones" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0015" "titulo" => "Caso clínico" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0020" "titulo" => "Discusión" ] ] ] ] "NotaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "☆" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0005">Please cite this article as: Guixeres Esteve MC, Pardo Saiz AO. Enfermedad de Coats con edema macular sensible al aflibercept y láser argón. Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol. 2017;92:330–333.</p>" ] ] "multimedia" => array:4 [ 0 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Fig. 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 783 "Ancho" => 900 "Tamanyo" => 89360 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Baseline retinography of the right eye, showing microaneurysms in posterior pole with abundant hard exudates arranged in structured and macular oedema.</p>" ] ] 1 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0010" "etiqueta" => "Fig. 2" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr2.jpeg" "Alto" => 787 "Ancho" => 960 "Tamanyo" => 93079 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Broad field right eye FAG, showing hyperfluorescence corresponding to posterior pole vascular alterations and temporal periphery, with exudation.</p>" ] ] 2 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0015" "etiqueta" => "Fig. 3" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr3.jpeg" "Alto" => 601 "Ancho" => 900 "Tamanyo" => 163141 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Macular OCT of the right eye at diagnostic, with abundant hyper-reflective areas due to hard exudates and cystic macular oedema with a maximum height of 959<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>μm.</p>" ] ] 3 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0020" "etiqueta" => "Fig. 4" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr4.jpeg" "Alto" => 774 "Ancho" => 1400 "Tamanyo" => 145839 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Macula OCT of the right eye dated January 2016 showing cysts, hyper-reflective dots corresponding to microexudates and external layer disruption temporal to the foveola.</p>" ] ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0005" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:10 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0055" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Classification and management of Coats disease: The 2000 Proctor Lecture" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => "J.A. 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Coats’ disease with macular oedema responsive to aflibercept and argon laser
Enfermedad de Coats con edema macular sensible al aflibercept y láser argón
M.C. Guixeres Esteve
, A.O. Pardo Saiz
Corresponding author
Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Dr. Peset, Valencia, Spain