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Orbital giant conjunctival epithelial primary cyst
Quiste conjuntival epitelial gigante primario orbitario
F.J. Guijarro-Oria, E. Mencía-Gutiérrez
, E. Gutiérrez-Díaz, E. López-Tizón
Corresponding author
Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
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Guijarro-Oria, E. Mencía-Gutiérrez, E. Gutiérrez-Díaz, E. López-Tizón" "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "F.J." "apellidos" => "Guijarro-Oria" ] 1 => array:4 [ "nombre" => "E." "apellidos" => "Mencía-Gutiérrez" "email" => array:2 [ 0 => "emencia.hdoc@salud.madrid.org" 1 => "emenciag@gmail.com" ] "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">¿</span>" "identificador" => "cor0005" ] ] ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "E." "apellidos" => "Gutiérrez-Díaz" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "E." "apellidos" => "López-Tizón" ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "entidad" => "Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor0005" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Corresponding author</span>." ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Quiste conjuntival epitelial gigante primario orbitario" ] ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0015" "etiqueta" => "Fig. 3" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr3.jpeg" "Alto" => 1230 "Ancho" => 1667 "Tamanyo" => 351164 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Supero-anterior orbitotomy for extraction of the cystic lesion.</p>" ] ] ] "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Introduction</span><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Cystic lesions account for 8% of adult orbitary tumors. Dermoid cysts are most frequent while conjunctival cysts are comparatively exceptional in the orbit.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> These can be primary or more frequently secondary (67%) to the implementation of conjunctival tissue in the orbit, either due to trauma or iatrogeny,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> derived from surgery due to strabismus, enucleation or retinal surgery.</p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Only 27 cases of primary orbitary conjunctival cysts have been previously described.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a></p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Case report</span><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Male, 15, without ocular traumatic or surgical history, exhibiting proptosis with inferior displacement of the right ocular globe and slight inflammatory reaction beginning 4 months back.</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Exploration revealed a superior orbit tumor protruding at the level of the sac fundus having a cystic translucent appearance with serous contents, without vascularization and a size of 3.5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cm<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>×<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2.5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cm (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig. 1</a>), as well as internal conjunctival symblepharon. Echography revealed a round and capsulated cystic mass located between the upper eyelid elevator and upper rectus muscles, reaching the equatorial level from the upper orbitary edge (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Fig. 2</a>A). An orbitary CAT scan revealed a cystic lesion with a thin and well-defined line and hypo-intense content (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Fig. 2</a>B), which discarded a dermoid cyst, lymphangioma or vascular tumor and indicated possible retention cyst. The possibility of a hydatid cyst was discarded upon reception of the normal results of serology, latex, and abdominal and thoracic echographies.</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Trans-conjunctival antero-superior orbitomy was performed removing the cyst <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">in toto</span>, which exhibited a thin wall and was translucent and comprising serous liquid content (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0015">Fig. 3</a>).</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0015"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The anatomopathological study revealed a non-keratinized epithelial wall with mucin-excreting cup-shaped cells without the presence of dermic elements, which allowed for a diagnosis of primary and idiopathic simple conjunctival inclusion cyst (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0020">fig. 4</a>).</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0020"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">After 10 years follow-up the patient did not exhibit relapse or developed a new lesion.</p></span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Discussion</span><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The pathogenesis of orbitary conjunctival cysts is unknown. A postulated cause is excessive invagination of the caruncular epithelium or the fornix<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0020"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> during embryonic development<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> similar to the pathogenesis of dermoid and epidermoid cysts. Other authors have considered the possibility of the sequestering of ectodermic pluripotential superficial cells with the ability to differentiate in one or more epithelial types.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a></p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">At the histopathological level, dermoid cysts comprise keratinized stratified squamous epithelium with cutaneous appendices,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> while in conjunctival cysts the epithelium is squamous but not keratinized, generally without cutaneous appendices<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2,3</span></a> although in some cases said appendices can be present in the walls, or mucin-secreting cup-shaped cells.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1,4,5</span></a></p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The age of presentation of said cysts varies from birth up to 70 years of age<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1,2,4</span></a> and in patients over 40 it appears in only 25% of cases. Previous evolution time can range between several months up to 60 years,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1,4</span></a> and the typical clinic consists in a painless cystic mass of small-moderate size<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1,3,4</span></a> which can associate proptosis and ocular globe displacement although generally extrinsic muscle motility is respected<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0020"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> as well as the bone structure.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1,2,4</span></a></p><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The most common location is in the supero-nasal region, followed by the supero-temporal region<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1,4</span></a> where bone involvement cases have been described.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a></p><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">As primary conjunctival cysts are typified as non-keratinized epithelium, histopathological diagnostic mistakes with mucoceles can occur<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> which includes bone involvement with communication to paranasal sinuses.</p><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">With rare exceptions, orbitary conjunctival cysts are masses of thin walls and low pressure which generally do not induce significant mechanical alterations.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> However, there are cases in which a recurring conjunctival cyst has eroded the bone structure and produced visual symptoms as well as spontaneous hemorrhage which increases orbitary pressure and associates inflammation and pain.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1,4</span></a> This demonstrates its potential capacity to produce anatomic and functional alterations.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a></p><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The differential diagnostic of orbitary cystic lesions is established between lesions that characteristically have a hyper-dense capsule image in its central content, in contrast with other orbitary tumors. The diagnostic is established between epidermoid cysts, mucoceles, hydatic, hematic, cholesteatoma and conjunctival (or inclusion cysts). Data such as age, location, history of trauma or surgery or sinusitis are useful for correct diagnostic, with imaging tests being essential for circumscribing and treating the lesion.</p><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Small asymptomatic tumors can be managed with a conservative approach by means of follow-up, whereas large and symptomatic tumors require surgery and generally exhibit good post-surgery evolution without recurrences.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0020"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a></p></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conflict of interests</span><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">No conflict of interest has been declared by the authors.</p></span></span>" "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [ "secciones" => array:9 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xres190813" "titulo" => array:3 [ 0 => "Abstract" 1 => "Case report" 2 => "Discussion" ] ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xpalclavsec178275" "titulo" => "Keywords" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xres190812" "titulo" => array:3 [ 0 => "Resumen" 1 => "Caso clínico" 2 => "Discusión" ] ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xpalclavsec178276" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" ] 4 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0005" "titulo" => "Introduction" ] 5 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0010" "titulo" => "Case report" ] 6 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0015" "titulo" => "Discussion" ] 7 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0020" "titulo" => "Conflict of interests" ] 8 => array:1 [ "titulo" => "References" ] ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "2011-10-05" "fechaAceptado" => "2012-04-08" "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [ "en" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Keywords" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec178275" "palabras" => array:5 [ 0 => "Cyst" 1 => "Conjunctival epithelial" 2 => "Primary" 3 => "Giant" 4 => "Orbit" ] ] ] "es" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec178276" "palabras" => array:5 [ 0 => "Quiste" 1 => "Epitelio conjuntival" 2 => "Primario" 3 => "Órbita" 4 => "Gigante" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:2 [ "en" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Abstract" "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Case report</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A 15-year-old male, with no previous traumatic o surgical ocular injury, presented with a right eye proptosis and inferior displacement which began 4 months earlier. Ultrasound and CT showed a cystic lesion of 3.5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cm<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>×<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cm in the superior orbit. Surgical resection was performed by transconjunctival orbitotomy. The histopathology examination showed a cyst with nonkeratinized epithelium, and without goblet cells. After 10 years of follow-up, there have been no new lesions.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Discussion</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Conjunctival primary orbital cysts are very uncommon. They are usually of small-moderate size; giant cysts are exceptional. Diagnosis by imaging is essential to establish the differential diagnosis and surgical treatment.</p>" ] "es" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Resumen" "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Caso clínico</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Varón de 15 años de edad, sin antecedente traumático o quirúrgico, que presenta proptosis con desplazamiento inferior del globo ocular derecho de cuatro meses de evolución. La ecografia y la TAC muestran una lesión quística de 3,5 × 2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cm. Se reseca mediante orbitotomía transconjuntival. La histopatología muestra un quiste con un epitelio no queratinizado sin células caliciformes. Después de 10 años de evolución no ha recidivado.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Discusión</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Los quistes epiteliales conjuntivales primarios son muy infrecuentes. Suelen ser de pequeño-moderado tamaño; los gigantes son excepcionales. El diagnóstico por imagen es fundamental para el diagnóstico diferencial y el tratamiento quirúrgico.</p>" ] ] "NotaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "☆" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara">Please cite this article as: Guijarro-Oria FJ, et al. Quiste conjuntival epitelial gigante primario orbitario. Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol. 2013;88:157–9.</p>" ] ] "multimedia" => array:4 [ 0 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Fig. 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 1077 "Ancho" => 1375 "Tamanyo" => 308539 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Cyst protruding through the upper right palpebral sac, with translucent wall and serous content.</p>" ] ] 1 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0010" "etiqueta" => "Fig. 2" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr2.jpeg" "Alto" => 864 "Ancho" => 2333 "Tamanyo" => 258395 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">(A) Echography and (B) orbitary computerized axial tomography demonstrating the existence of a cyst in the right upper orbit with hypotense content, thin wall and large volume.</p>" ] ] 2 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0015" "etiqueta" => "Fig. 3" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr3.jpeg" "Alto" => 1230 "Ancho" => 1667 "Tamanyo" => 351164 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Supero-anterior orbitotomy for extraction of the cystic lesion.</p>" ] ] 3 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0020" "etiqueta" => "Fig. 4" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr4.jpeg" "Alto" => 1075 "Ancho" => 1667 "Tamanyo" => 343409 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The cyst histopathology reveals a thin wall made up of several layers of cuboid epithelium without mucin-secreting cells. Hematoxilin–eosine 20×.</p>" ] ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0005" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:5 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0005" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Primary nonkeratinized epithelial (‘conjunctival’) orbital cysts" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => "J.R. Boynton" 1 => "S.S. Searl" 2 => "A.P. Ferry" 3 => "S.A. Kaltreider" 4 => "T.G. 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Weiner" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg" "fecha" => "1994" "volumen" => "10" "paginaInicial" => "216" "paginaFinal" => "219" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7947452" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 4 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0025" "etiqueta" => "5" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Orbital Cystic Lesions" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "J.A. Shields" 1 => "C.L. Shields" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "LibroEditado" => array:5 [ "titulo" => "Eyelid, conjunctival, and orbital tumors: an atlas and textbook" "paginaInicial" => "484" "paginaFinal" => "489" "edicion" => "2nd ed." "serieFecha" => "2008" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "url" => "/21735794/0000008800000004/v1_201306181844/S2173579413000649/v1_201306181844/en/main.assets" "Apartado" => array:4 [ "identificador" => "5812" "tipo" => "SECCION" "en" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Short communications" "idiomaDefecto" => true ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" ] "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/21735794/0000008800000004/v1_201306181844/S2173579413000649/v1_201306181844/en/main.pdf?idApp=UINPBA00004N&text.app=https://www.elsevier.es/" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2173579413000649?idApp=UINPBA00004N" ]
| Year/Month | Html | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2018 March | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 2018 February | 17 | 0 | 17 |
| 2018 January | 22 | 1 | 23 |
| 2017 December | 25 | 1 | 26 |
| 2017 November | 26 | 0 | 26 |
| 2017 October | 24 | 3 | 27 |
| 2017 September | 27 | 3 | 30 |
| 2017 August | 22 | 4 | 26 |
| 2017 July | 28 | 6 | 34 |
| 2017 June | 37 | 10 | 47 |
| 2017 May | 65 | 4 | 69 |
| 2017 April | 71 | 4 | 75 |
| 2017 March | 75 | 37 | 112 |
| 2017 February | 78 | 2 | 80 |
| 2017 January | 73 | 3 | 76 |
| 2016 December | 76 | 7 | 83 |
| 2016 November | 94 | 5 | 99 |
| 2016 October | 92 | 4 | 96 |
| 2016 September | 81 | 4 | 85 |
| 2016 August | 45 | 5 | 50 |
| 2016 July | 40 | 3 | 43 |
| 2016 June | 41 | 8 | 49 |
| 2016 May | 38 | 20 | 58 |
| 2016 April | 27 | 9 | 36 |
| 2016 March | 46 | 7 | 53 |
| 2016 February | 42 | 10 | 52 |
| 2016 January | 31 | 8 | 39 |
| 2015 December | 30 | 8 | 38 |
| 2015 November | 34 | 6 | 40 |
| 2015 October | 42 | 6 | 48 |
| 2015 September | 20 | 4 | 24 |
| 2015 August | 55 | 4 | 59 |
| 2015 July | 40 | 2 | 42 |
| 2015 June | 24 | 1 | 25 |
| 2015 May | 28 | 2 | 30 |
| 2015 April | 33 | 6 | 39 |
| 2015 March | 84 | 8 | 92 |
| 2015 February | 23 | 1 | 24 |
| 2015 January | 25 | 2 | 27 |
| 2014 December | 46 | 10 | 56 |
| 2014 November | 25 | 6 | 31 |
| 2014 October | 34 | 6 | 40 |
| 2014 September | 30 | 7 | 37 |
| 2014 August | 31 | 2 | 33 |
| 2014 July | 25 | 4 | 29 |
| 2014 June | 23 | 1 | 24 |
| 2014 May | 22 | 6 | 28 |
| 2014 April | 8 | 2 | 10 |
| 2014 March | 18 | 5 | 23 |
| 2014 February | 20 | 7 | 27 |
| 2014 January | 14 | 3 | 17 |
| 2013 December | 30 | 4 | 34 |
| 2013 November | 39 | 4 | 43 |
| 2013 October | 32 | 6 | 38 |
| 2013 September | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 2013 July | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 2013 June | 4 | 0 | 4 |
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