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Inicio Atención Primaria Prevalencia de alteraciones tiroideas en pacientes diagnosticados de depresión
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Vol. 26. Issue 3.
Pages 176-179 (January 2000)
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Vol. 26. Issue 3.
Pages 176-179 (January 2000)
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Prevalencia de alteraciones tiroideas en pacientes diagnosticados de depresión
Prevalence of thyroid disorders in patients diagnosed with depression
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M.J. Muñoz-Cruzado Poce
Corresponding author
madu@comcadiz.es

Correspondencia: C/ Batalla del Ebro, 5 alto. 11100 San Fernando (Cádiz).
, A.J. García Navas, M.L. Moreno Gómez, R. Garratón Juliá, A. Marcelo Martínez, A.J. Madueño Caro
Centro de Salud Rodríguez de Arias. San Fernando (Cádiz)
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Objetivo

Determinar la prevalencia de alteraciones tiroideas en pacientes diagnosticados de depresión.

Diseño

Estudio descriptivo transversal (muestreo aleatorio).

Emplazamiento

Atención primaria, en San Fernando (Cádiz).

Población de estudio

Pacientes diagnosticados de depresión (criterios DSM lV) en el Centro de Salud Mental de San Fernando.

Mediciones y resultados principales

Se estudiaron 108 pacientes (intervalo de confianza del 95%; p = 11 ± 5%), a los que se les determinaron los valores sanguíneos de TSH, T3 y T4 libres y anticuerpos antitiroideos (antitiroglobulina y anti-TPO). Encontramos predominio del sexo femenino entre los pacientes estudiados (5:1) y únicamente apreciamos alteraciones tiroideas en mujeres (100%). El grupo de edad con mayor frecuencia de enfermedad depresiva fue el de 50–59 años, y entre los 30 y 59 años se contabilizó un 73,1% de todas las alteraciones tiroideas. Detectamos una elevada proporción de enfermos depresivos con alteración analítica tiroidea no conocida (24,1%), y una relevante prevalencia de depresivos con enfermedad autoinmune tiroidea (16,6%), especialmente por anti-TPO positivos, superando las prevalencias de estudios previos. La prevalencia de hipotiroidismo fue menor de la esperada (7,4% frente al 8–14%), aunque mayor de la calculada para la población general (5%).

Conclusiones

Como método de cribado, no parece indispensable la determinación indiscriminada de pruebas tiroideas a los pacientes depresivos. Ante los resultados de anticuerpos antitiroideos, y dada la escasez de estudios de prevalencia en población depresiva, parece indicado realizar estudios con mayor tamaño muestral, así como metaanálisis de investigaciones previas.

Palabras clave:
Anticuerpos antitiroideos
Depresión
Hormonas tiroideas
Prevalencia
Pruebas tiroideas
Objective

To determine the prevalence of thyroid disorders in patients diagnosed with depression.

Design

Cross-sectional descriptive study (random sampling).

Setting

Primary care, San Fernando (Cádiz).

Patients

Patients diagnosed with depression (DSM IV criteria) at the San Fernando Mental Health Centre.

Measurements and main results

108 patients were studied (95% CI; p = 11 ± 5%), in whom figures for TSH in the blood, free T3 and T4 and anti-thyroid antibodies (anti-thyroglobulin and anti-TPO) were determined.We found a predominance of women among the patients studied (5:1) and only found thyroid disorders in women (100%). The age group with greatest frequency of depressive illness was from 50 to 59. 73.1% of all the thyroid disorders were found in the 30- 59 age group.We detected a high number of depressive patients with unknown thyroid analytic disorder (24.1%) and a relevant prevalence of depressives with thyroid auto-immune disease (16.6%), especially due to positive anti-TPOs, exceeding the prevalence in previous studies. There was less hypothyroidism than expected (7.4% against 8–14%), although more than the estimated figure for the population as a whole (5%).

Conclusions

Indiscriminate thyroid tests on depressive patients, as a screening method, can be dispensed with. Given the results of anti-thyroid antibodies and the few studies of prevalence in the depressive population, it seems appropriate to conduct studies with a bigger sample and meta-analysis of previous research.

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Copyright © 2000. Elsevier España, S.L.. Todos los derechos reservados
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