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Vol. 72. Issue 4.
Pages 192-195 (October 2002)
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Vol. 72. Issue 4.
Pages 192-195 (October 2002)
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Aislamiento de Candida en la infección de sitio quirúrgico en un servicio de cirugía general
Candida isolation in the surgical site in a general surgery department
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José Juan Iñigo1
Corresponding author
jinigono@cfnavarra.es

Correspondencia: Dr. J.J. Iñigo Noáin. Servicio de Cirugía General y Digestiva. Hospital de Navarra. Irunlarrea, 3. 31008 Pamplona.
, Ana Calvo, Coro Miranda, Soledad Montón, Felicidad Pérez, Esteban Echeverría
Servicio de Cirugía General y Digestiva.
José Miguel Leraa
a Jefe de Servicio. Hospital de Navarra. Pamplona.
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Resumen
Introducción

La infección por Candida sp. está caracterizada por una elevada mortalidad. El objetivo de este artículo es conocer las características de los pacientes con infecciones nosocomiales en las que se aísla Candida sp., con el fin de facilitar un diagnóstico temprano y mejorar su pronóstico.

Material y método

En el trienio 1998-2000 hemos intervenido a 3.579 pacientes por procedimientos de cirugía mayor. Analizamos a 42 pacientes que han presentado una infección de sitio quirúrgico (SSI) en las que se ha aislado Candida sp., siguiendo los criterios de los Centers for Disease Control (CDC) y los factores de riesgo que componen el índice National Nososcomial Infection Surveillance (NNIS). Se comparan con el resto de los pacientes con SSI.

Resultados

Se ha aislado Candida sp. en el 14,5% de los 289 pacientes con SSI. Ésta era de la variedad Candida albicans en 35 casos (83,3%) y en 29 estaba asociada con otros gérmenes (69%). El 83,3% de los casos (35 pacientes) presentaba una infección de órgano-espacio, asociada con una fístula o dehiscencia de sutura en el 65,7% de los mismos (23 pacientes), cifras significativamente superiores a las del resto de SSI. Se presentan con mayor frecuencia tras intervenciones urgentes (18,6%), en pacientes con índice NNIS alto (18,2%) y en pacientes intervenidos por cirugía gastroduodenal o hepatobiliopancreática (33,8%).También se caracterizan por una mayor estancia media y mayor tasa de reintervenciones y mortalidad que el resto de las SSI (diferencias significativas).

Conclusiones

El aislamiento de Candida sp. es frecuente en infecciones de órgano-espacio en pacientes con elevado índice NNIS, intervenidos por patología gastroduodenal o hepatobiliopancreática y con una tasa de reintervenciones y una mortalidad superior a la del resto de SSI.

Palabras clave:
Infección de sitio quirúrgico
Candida
Índice NNIS
Introduction

Infection with Candida sp. is characterized by high mortality. The aim of this study was to determine the characteristics of patients with nosocomial infections with isolation of Candida sp. in order to achieve early diagnosis and improve prognosis.

Material and method

From 1998-2000, we performed major surgery in 3,579 patients. We analyzed 42 patients who presented surgical site infection (SSI) in which Candida sp. was isolated following the criteria of the Centers for Disease Control and the risk factors listed by the National Nosocomial Infection Surveillance (NNIS) index. Patients with Candida sp. infection were compared with the remaining patients with SSI.

Results

Candida sp. was isolated in 14.5% of the 289 patients with SSI. C. albicans was isolated in 35 patients (83.3%) and was associated with other microorganisms in 29 (69%). A total of 83.3% (35 patients) presented SSI, which was associated with fistula or suture dehiscence in 65.7% (23 patients). These figures were significantly higher than those for the remaining patients with SSI. Candida sp. infection was more frequent after emergency surgery (18.6%), in patients with a high NNIS index (18.2%) and in those undergoing gastroduodenal or hepato-bilio-pancreatic surgery (33.8%). Patients with Candida sp. infection also had significantly greater mean hospital stay and higher reintervention and mortality rates than those with other SSIs.

Conclusions

Isolation of Candida sp. is frequent in SSI in patients with a high NNIS index undergoing gastroduodenal or hepato-bilio-pancreatic surgery. Reintervention and mortality rates are higher in patients with this type of infection than in those with other SSIs.

Key words:
Surgical site infection
Candida
NNIS index
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Copyright © 2002. Asociación Española de Cirujanos
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