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Vol. 72. Issue 5.
Pages 251-254 (November 2002)
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Vol. 72. Issue 5.
Pages 251-254 (November 2002)
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Biopsia selectiva del ganglio centinela en el tratamiento del melanoma
Sentinel lymph node biopsy in the treatment of melanoma
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José Francisco Nogueraa,1
Corresponding author
drjfnoguera@hotmail.com

Correspondencia: Dr. J.F. Noguera Aguilar. Avda. Antonio Maura, 91, 11. Pont D’Inca. 07009 Baleares.
, Javier del Pozob, Luis Montsechc, Julio Rifád, José Antonio Soroe, Juan José Pujolf
a Doctor en Medicina y Cirugía. Servicio de Cirugía General
f Director de Área Quirúrgica. Fundación Hospital Son Llátzer. Palma de Mallorca
b FEA de Servicio de Dermatología
c FEA de Servicio de Medicina Nuclear
d Jefe del Servicio de Oncología
e Jefe del Departamento de Cirugía. Hospital Son Dureta. Palma de Mallorca
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Resumen
Introducción

El objetivo del presente estudio es valorar los resultados obtenidos con la aplicación de la técnica de biopsia selectiva de ganglio centinela (BSGC) en el tratamiento del melanoma.

Pacientes y método

Estudio clínico prospectivo. Se practicó BSGC a los melanomas primarios con espesor de Breslow mayor de 1 mm, o factores de mal pronóstico asociados. Desde marzo de 2000 a diciembre de 2001 se valoraron 53 melanomas.

Resultados

Se realizó BSGC en 37 casos, el 69,8% de los melanomas. Se obtuvieron 36 mapas linfáticos (97,3% de las gammagrafías efectuadas) y se practicaron 45 biopsias ganglionares, debido a que en 9 casos (25%) se obtuvo drenaje a dos territorios. Se obtuvieron metástasis en el ganglio centinela en tres pacientes (8,3%). En estos casos se realizó linfadenectomía regional, en dos de ellos se halló afección en el resto de la cadena, y en el tercer caso el centinela era el único ganglio afectado.

Conclusiones

El 8,3% de los pacientes a los que se detectó afección metastásica ganglionar se benefició del tratamiento complementario, lo que unido a la casi nula morbilidad hace que la BSGC sea una técnica que debería ser estandarizada en todos los centros donde sea realizable y que atiendan esta patología.

Palabras clave:
Ganglio centinela
Melanoma
Biopsia ganglionar
Introduction

The aim of this study was to evaluate the results obtained with sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) in the treatment of melanoma.

Patients and method

We performed a prospective clinical study. SNLB was performed in all primary melanomas with a Breslow thickness of more than 1 mm or with associated factors indicating poor prognosis. From March 2000 to December 2001, 53 melanomas were evaluated.

Results

SLNB was performed in 37 patients and 69.8% of the melanomas. We obtained 36 lymphatic maps (97.3% of all lymphoscintigraphies) and 45 node biopsies because in 9 patients (25%) drainage in two lymphatic territories was obtained. Metastatic disease at the sentinel node was found in three patients (8.3%) who underwent regional lymphadenectomy; in two patients, tumoral involvement of the remaining lymph nodes was found while in the third, metastatic disease was found in the sentinel node only.

Conclusions

Because metastatic nodal involvement was detected in 8.3% of the patients, who benefitted from adjuvant therapy, and because of the almost complete absence of morbidity, SLNB should become a standard technique in all centers where it can be performed and where melanomas are treated.

Key words:
Sentinel node
Melanoma
Sentinel node biopsy
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Copyright © 2002. Asociación Española de Cirujanos
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