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Vol. 74. Issue 1.
Pages 38-42 (July 2003)
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Vol. 74. Issue 1.
Pages 38-42 (July 2003)
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Inmunoexpresión de la oncoproteína p53 en el carcinoma epidermoide de esófago resecado
Immunoexpression of the p-53 oncoprotein in resected epidermoid carcinoma of the esophagus
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Juan José Gonzáleza,1
Corresponding author
jjglezglez@terra.es

Correspondencia: Dr. J.J. González González. Trabaz-El Escamplero, s/n. 33191 Las Regueras. Asturias. España.
, José M. Fernándeza, Lourdes Sanza, Francisco Navarretea, José Azaa, M. Florentino Fresnobb
a Servicio de Cirugía General. Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias. Oviedo. Asturias.
b Servicio de Anatomía Patológica. Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias. Oviedo. Asturias. España.
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Resumen
Introducción

Aunque la supervivencia de los pacientes sometidos a resección por cáncer de esófago ha mejorado discretamente en el mundo occidental, los resultados distan mucho de ser satisfactorios. El estudio de la ploidía o la expresión de ciertos genes como el p53 abren, al menos en teoría, grandes posibilidades terapéuticas y pronósticas. El objetivo de este trabajo es evaluar la expresión de la proteína p53 y su influencia sobre la evolución de los pacientes con carcinoma epidermoide tras exéresis.

Pacientes y método

Estudio retrospectivo (sobre una base de datos prospectiva) de 65 pacientes con cáncer epidermoide de esófago sometidos a resección y válidos para un seguimiento mínimo de 30 meses en los que se determinó por inmunohistoquímica las alteraciones de la expresión de la proteína p53. Los resultados fueron comparados con variables clinicopatológicas habituales y con la supervivencia de los pacientes.

Resultados

Veinticuatro enfermos (36,9%) han sido negativos y los 41 restantes han presentado inmunotinción positiva. han predominado las resecciones con intención curativa, 36 (55,4%); las lesiones t3, 24 (36,9%), y t4, 26 (40%), los ganglios positivos n1, 35 (53,8%), y las metástasis (m1, 11) de origen sobre todo ganglionar. en consecuencia, los estadios iii (30 enfermos) y iv (11) suponen el 63,1% de la muestra. la inmunotinción no se ha relacionado con ninguna de las variables clinicopatológicas estudiadas. la supervivencia mediana global de la serie ha sido de 16,5 meses (intervalo de confianza [ic] del 95%, 13,7- 19,3) y la supervivencia a los 12, los 36 y los 60 meses, del 67,9, el 20,8 y el 12,3%, respectivamente. la expresión de la oncoproteína p53 no ha condicionado la supervivencia, el intervalo libre de enfermedad ni la probabilidad de recurrencia.

Conclusiones

Nuestro grupo de pacientes con cáncer de esófago resecado, que consultan con enfermedad muy evolucionada, expresan oncoproteína p53 en 2/3 de los casos. La supervivencia, limitada, y el intervalo libre de enfermedad no se ven influidos por los resultados inmunohistoquímicos.

Palabras clave:
Cáncer de esófago
Factores pronósticos
Oncoproteína p53
Inmunohistoquímica
Introduction

Although survival in patients undergoing resection of esophageal cancer has slightly increased in the Western world, the results are far from satisfactory. Study of ploidy or of the expression of certain genes such as the p-53 oncoprotein offer, at least in theory, great therapeutic and prognostic possibilities. The aim of the present study was to evaluate p-53 expression and its influence on outcome in patients with epidermoid carcinoma after resection.

Patients and method

We performed a retrospective study (using a prospective database) of 65 patients with epidermoid cancer of the esophagus who underwent surgical resection and a minimum follow-up of 30 months. Alterations in p-53 protein expression were determined by immunohistochemistry. The results were compared with routine clinico-pathological variables and survival.

Results

Immunostaining was positive in 24 patients (36.9%) and negative in the remaining 41. the most frequent intervention was resection with curative intent in 36 patients (55.4%). the most frequent findings were t3 lesions in 24 patients (36.9%) and t4 lesions in 26 (40%), positive lymph nodes (n1) in 35 patients (53.8%), and metastases (m1) in 11, mainly of lymph node origin. stage iii tumors were found in 30 patients and stage iv tumors were found in 11, representing 63.1% of the sample. no relationship was found between immunostaining and any of the variables studied. the median overall survival in the series was 16.5 months (95% ci, 13.7-19.3) and survival at 12, 36 and 60 months was 67.9%, 20.8% and 12.3%, respectively. expression of the p-53 oncoprotein did not influence survival, disease-free survival, or the probability of recurrence.

Conclusions

Two out of three patients in the present series, who presented with advanced disease, showed p-53 expression. Neither survival, which was limited, nor disease-free survival was influenced by p-53 expression.

Key words:
Esophageal cancer
Prognostic factors
p53 oncoprotein
Immunohistochemistry
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Presentado en parte en el XXIV Congreso Nacional de Cirugía, Madrid, noviembre de 2002.

Copyright © 2003. Asociación Española de Cirujanos
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