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Vol. 72. Issue 1.
Pages 28-33 (July 2002)
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Vol. 72. Issue 1.
Pages 28-33 (July 2002)
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Papel de la colangioyeyunostomía periférica intrahepática al segmento III (Soupault-Couinaud) para la ictericia maligna en la era de los stents endoscópicos y percutáneos
Role of segment III peripheral intrahepatic cholangio-jejunostomy (Soupault-Couinaud) for malignant jaundice in the era of endoscopic and percutaneous stents
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César Ramírez-Plaza1
Corresponding author
cprptot@hotmail.com

Correspondencia: Dr. César Ramírez Plaza. Servicio de Cirugía General y Aparato Digestivo. Hospital Regional Universitario Carlos Haya. Avda. de Carlos Haya, s/n. 29010 Málaga.
, Julio Santoyo, Miguel A. Suárez, José A. Pérez-Daga, José L. Fernández-Aguilar, Manuel Jiménez, Iván González-Poveda, Antonio González-Sánchez, José A. Bondía, Agustín de la Fuente
Sección de Cirugía HBP y Trasplante Hepático. Servicio de Cirugía General y Aparato Digestivo (Jefe del Servicio: Prof. Agustín de la Fuente Perucho). Hospital Regional Universitario Carlos Haya. Málaga.
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Resumen
Objetivo

Presentar los resultados de nuestra experiencia con la técnica de Soupault-Couinaud (colangioyeyunostomía intrahepática periférica al segmento III) como terapeútica paliativa en pacientes seleccionados con lesiones malignas no resecables de la confluencia hepática. Se revisan asimismo las distintas opciones de tratamiento para este tipo de pacientes.

Pacientes y método

Estudiamos de forma retrospectiva las historias clínicas de 7 pacientes intervenidos mediante este procedimiento en la Unidad de Cirugía HBP de nuestro Servicio de Cirugía Digestiva entre los años 1993 y 2000. Se han recogido los datos clínicos y analíticos preoperatorios, así como la información de la patología causante del bloqueo hiliar, y se comparan con la evolución clínica y los datos analíticos postoperatorios y de seguimiento, para poder así demostrar la utilidad o no de la técnica.

Resultados

De los 7 pacientes, tres eran varones y 4 mujeres, con una edad media de 66 años. La ictericia estuvo presente en el 100% de los casos, y el 85,7% de los pacientes refirieron en el momento del ingreso prurito, síndrome tóxico y dolor abdominal superior. Las patologías causantes del bloqueo hiliar fueron cáncer de vesícula biliar (4 casos), colangiocarcinoma (dos casos) y metástasis ganglionares de ampuloma (un caso). En todos los casos la decisión de realizar una colangioyeyunostomía intrahepática periférica al segmento III fue tomada en el mismo acto operatorio. Los valores medios de bilirrubina total preoperatorios fueron de 13,4 mg/dl (rango de 3,7 a 23,5 mg/dl). El 85,7% de los pacientes experimentaron mejoría postoperatoria importante del síndrome ictérico, con descenso de la colemia previa al alta hasta una media de 5,3 mg/dl (rango de 0,82 a 16,51 mg/dl). La mortalidad fue nula, y la morbilidad del 57,1%, con una supervivencia media de 6 meses.

Conclusión

A pesar del limitado número de pacientes de esta serie, pensamos que la colangioyeyunostomía intrahepática periférica al segmento III (técnica de Soupault-Couinaud) aún representa una buena opción terapéutica paliativa para pacientes seleccionados con lesiones malignas no resecables de la confluencia hepática. En unidades HBP especializadas presenta una aceptable morbilidad y una minima (nula en nuestra experiencia) mortalidad, proporcionando a estos enfermos una paliación clínica y analítica prolongada, con la consiguiente repercusión en una mejor calidad de vida.

Palabras clave:
Ictericia maligna
Tratamiento quirúrgico paliativo
Técnica de Soupault-Couinaud
Aim

To present the results of our experience with Soupault-Couinaud’s technique (segment III peripheral intrahepatic cholangio-jejunostomy) as a palliative treatment in selected patients with non-resectable malignancies invading the confluence of the hepatic ducts. Different options for the treatment of these group of patients are also reviewed.

Patients and methods

From 1993 to 2000, 7 patients were operated on with this procedure in the HBP Surgery Department of our Digestive Surgery Service and their case-historys have been reviewed. Preoperative clinical and analytical data and information about the etiology of the malignant disease have been collected, being compared with the postoperative clinical and analytical surveillance results to confirm this technique being useful or not.

Results

There were 3 men and 4 women, being the median age of our patients 66. Jaundice was present in 100%, and 85.7% referred pruritus, toxic syndrome and upper abdominal pain at admission. The malignancies responsible of the hilum blockade have been: gallbladder cancer (4 cases), cholangiocarcinoma (2 cases) and nodal metastases of an ampullary tumor (1 case). In all the cases, the decission of performing a segment III peripheral intrahepatic cholangio-jejunostomy was taken in the same moment of surgery. Median values of preoperative total bilirrubine (BT) levels were 13.4 mg/dl (range 3.7-12.5 mg/dl), and 85.7% of the patients experienced postoperative improvement of jaundice, with decreasing TB levels to a median of 5.3 mg/dl (range 0.82-16.51 mg/dl). Mortality in our grupe was 0% and morbidity rates were 57.1%, with a median survival of 6 months.

Conclusions

In spite of a low number of patients in our series, we think that segment III peripheral intrahepatic cholangio-jejunostomy (Soupault-Couinaud´s technique) is a good palliative option to treat selected patients with malignant non-resectable lesions at the hepatic hilum. When performed in specialized HPB Surgery Units, this technique has an acceptable morbidity and very low mortality (zero in our experience), offering to these patients a long-standing clinical and analytical palliation, all of these resulting in an improvement of quality of life.

Key words:
Malignant jaundice
Palliative surgical treatment
Soupault-Couinaud´s technique
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Copyright © 2002. Asociación Española de Cirujanos
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