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Inicio Cirugía Española (English Edition) Indocyanine green in laparoscopic cholecystectomy: utility and correlation with ...
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Original article
Available online 27 September 2024
Indocyanine green in laparoscopic cholecystectomy: utility and correlation with a preoperative risk score
Verde de indocianina en la colecistectomía laparoscópica: utilidad y correlación con score preoperatorio de riesgo
Maria Luisa Galaviz-Sosaa,
Corresponding author
mluisagalavis@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, Eric Herrero Fonollosaa, María Isabel García-Domingoa, Judith Camps Lasaa, María Galofré Recasensa, Melissa Arias Avilesa, Esteban Cugat Andorràa,b
a Departamento de Cirugía General y Digestiva, Hospital Universitari Mútua Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
b Departamento de Cirugía General y Digestiva, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
Received 11 June 2024. Accepted 23 July 2024
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Tables (4)
Table 1. Patient characteristics according to each difficulty group.
Table 2. Results of aspects related to surgery and complications.
Table 3. Complications within 30 postoperative days.
Table 4. Subjective evaluation of the surgeon on the ICG usefulness.
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Abstract
Background

This study aims to compare the visualization of the cystic duct-common bile duct junction with indocyanine green (ICG) among 3 groups of patients divided according to the difficulty of elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Methods

Conducted at a single center, this non-randomized, prospective, observational study encompassed 168 patients who underwent elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy and were assessed with a preoperative risk score to predict difficult cholecystectomies, including clinical factors and radiological findings. Three groups were identified: low, moderate, and high risk. A dose of 0.25 mg of IV ICG was administered during anesthesia induction and the different objectives were evaluated.

Results

The visualization of the cystic duct-common bile duct junction was achieved in 28 (100%), 113 (91.1%), and 10 (63%) patients in the low, moderate, and high-risk groups, respectively. The high-risk group had longer total operative time, higher conversion, more complications and longer hospital stay. In the surgeon’s subjective assessment, ICG was considered useful in 36% of the low-risk group, 58% in the moderate-risk group, and 69% in the high-risk group. Additionally, there were no cases where ICG modified the surgeon’s surgical approach in the low-risk group, compared to 11% in the moderate-risk group and 25% in the high-risk group (p < 0.01).

Conclusions

The results of this study confirm that in the case of difficult cholecystectomies, the visualization of the cystic duct-common bile duct junction is achieved in 63% of cases and prompts a modification of the surgical procedure in one out of four patients.

Keywords:
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Indocyanine green
Common bile duct
Cystic duct
Risk factors, bile duct injury
Resumen
Introducción

El objetivo de este estudio es comparar la visualización de la unión cisticocoledocal con verde de indocianina (ICG) entre 3 grupos de pacientes divididos según la dificultad preoperatoria de la colecistectomía laparoscópica electiva.

Materiales y métodos

Estudio observacional, prospectivo no aleatorizado, realizado en un único centro con una cohorte de 168 pacientes sometidos a colecistectomía laparoscópica electiva a quiénes se les calculó un score preoperatorio de riesgo predictivo de colecistectomía difícil publicado por A. Nassar en 2019 que incluyó datos clínicos y radiológicos. Se obtuvieron 3 grupos de riesgo: bajo, moderado y alto riesgo. Se administró 0,25 mg de ICG IV durante la inducción anestésica y se evaluaron los diferentes objetivos.

Resultados

La visualización de la unión cístico-coledocal se consiguió en 28 (100%), 113 (91,1%) y 10 (63%) pacientes del grupo de bajo, moderado y alto riesgo respectivamente. El grupo de alto riesgo presentó mayor tiempo quirúrgico, conversión a cirugía abierta, complicaciones y estancia hospitalaria. En cuanto a la valoración subjetiva del cirujano, el uso de ICG se consideró útil en el 36% de los pacientes de bajo riesgo, 58% de moderado riesgo y 69% de alto riesgo. Asimismo, modificó la estrategia quirúrgica en 25% de los pacientes del grupo de alto riesgo comparado con 11% del moderado y ninguno del bajo riesgo (p < 0,01).

Conclusiones

En las colecistectomías difíciles la visualización de la unión cisticocoledocal se consigue en el 63% de los casos y condiciona una modificación del procedimiento quirúrgico en uno de cada cuatro pacientes.

Palabras clave:
Colecistectomía laparoscópica
verde de indocianina
Colédoco
Conducto cístico
Factor de riesgo, lesión vía biliar

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