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Surgeon 2.0: The Challenge Is on the Web
Cirujano 2.0: el reto está en la red
Ricardo Belda Lozanoa,
Corresponding author
doctorbelda@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, Manuel Ferrer Márqueza, Juan Manuel García Torrecillasb, Antonio Alvarez Garcíaa, Angel Reina Duartea
a UGC de Cirugía General y del Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Torrecárdenas, Almería, Spain
b UGC de Cuidados Críticos y Urgencias, Hospital Torrecárdenas, Almería, Spain
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    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We have recently seen numerous articles and opinions published about how the internet is changing clinical practice&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#8211;11</span></a> Ever since the famous cover of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Time</span> magazine in 2006 with a computer screen announcing that the Person of the Year was the anonymous internet user&#44; the phrase &#8220;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Yes&#44; YOU&#46; You control the information age</span>&#8221; has become an everyday reality for the world&#44; affecting specialized sectors and&#44; no doubt&#44; medicine and surgery&#46;</p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We will focus on describing two aspects that we believe are fundamental in the interrelationship between Web 2&#46;0 and medicine-surgery&#58; &#40;a&#41; the concept of Web 2&#46;0 and its differences with pre-existing tools&#59; and &#40;b&#41; a description of some of the tools that&#44; from the medical-surgical perspective&#44; are more interesting to professionals and patients&#44; and the interaction between them&#46;</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The fundamental difference between the already-not-so-new Web 2&#46;0 and its predecessor 1&#46;0 is its bidirectionality&#46; Web 2&#46;0&#44; also called the &#8220;participation web&#8221;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> is based on providing five aspects&#58; social networking&#44; participation&#44; collaboration&#44; apomediation and openness between these groups&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a> in such a way that these five aspects are in juxtaposition to the traditional hierarchical&#44; closed manner of working&#46;</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In the new Web 2&#46;0 &#40;and in the coming 3&#46;0&#41;&#44; the user is an integral part of the information contained in the network&#44; feeding the support programs that he&#47;she uses at the same time as these receive the feedback necessary for growth and modification almost instantaneously&#46; In the words of Pere Marqu&#233;s&#44; &#8220;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">not even computers have played such a decisive role in the evolution of society as the creation of the computer network&#58; the Internet</span>&#8221;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0060"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12</span></a> It is this interaction that has actually meant a change that the world in general&#44; and in our case surgeons and physicians in particular&#44; should know how to use to our advantage&#46;</p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Apomediation is an interesting concept that signals the disappearance of information intermediaries with the appearance of apomediators &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">apo</span>&#44; from the Latin word for <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">separate</span>&#41;&#44; which means that doctors can have direct contact with patients without any type of mediation&#46; This has also been verified in some applications&#44; such as in PubMed&#46; A few years ago&#44; we would have needed a mediator to perform a bibliographic search&#46; Today&#44; PubMed frees us from intermediaries&#44; although it does not meet most of the qualities of a 2&#46;0 resource&#46; In contrast&#44; semantic search engines like gopubmed&#46;com&#44; based on the PubMed search engine&#44; does allow for interaction with the information&#44; the authors and even with the website itself&#44; where the manuscripts can be commented&#46;</p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Based on the feedback from the new Web and its applications&#44; active listening and a change in approach and skills should all be essential for those in charge of user communities and those involved in health and disease processes&#46; We surgeons are responsible for the health of our patients&#46; We now have not only the scalpel in our hands but also the tools of the new Web so that interaction with patients is not restricted to just surgery&#46; Now it is actually possible to provide complete medical care&#44; both before and after&#44; with personalized attention in a holistic manner with a single click of the mouse&#46; At the same time&#44; it facilitates and almost automates the idea of a <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">regeneration of medicine</span>&#44; expressing the need for promoting health and offering healthcare services in the user&#39;s home&#46; Nonetheless&#44; this must be combined with its obvious counterpart&#58; patient awareness and responsibility in the healing and healthcare process&#46;</p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Social networking is key in the Web 2&#46;0 concept since its application requires a real connection among people&#44; forming a complex web of relationships while enabling collaboration amongst them and creating networks&#46; Social networks can be defined as &#8220;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">social structures made up of groups of people who are connected by one or more types of relationships&#44; such as friendship&#44; kinship&#44; common interests or shared knowledge</span>&#8221;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0065"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13</span></a> There are general social networks &#40;Facebook&#44; MySpace&#44; etc&#46;&#41; as well as specialized and professional networks &#40;LinkedIn&#44; Hermes Cloud&#44; Biomedexperts&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Participation in these networks has led users to a new level in their relationship with healthcare providers with electronic reporting of opinions&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0020"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> They also have the potential to help researchers find collaborators&#46; For instance&#44; the social network for biomedical sciences&#44; Biomedexperts&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0070"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14</span></a> is a true networking platform where contacts are the co-authors of the indexed publications&#46; Doctor&#8211;patient interaction is favored in specific networks like Curetogether&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0075"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15</span></a></p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In recent decades&#44; the number of times the term &#8220;multidisciplinary&#8221; has been used in the scientific literature has increased exponentially&#44; which illustrates the importance of collaboration in research&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0080"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16</span></a></p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Participation and collaboration are essential aspects for both patients and professionals&#46; The Web 2&#46;0 provides users access to information&#44; but it also allows users to create and share knowledge&#46; In addition to social networking&#44; one of the most representative examples of this are &#8220;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">wikis&#8221;</span> &#40;Hawaiian for <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">fast</span>&#41;&#44; which can be edited by people who access them &#40;either anyone&#44; or only individuals with permission&#41;&#46; The most famous wiki or collaborative web is Wikipedia<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0065"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13</span></a>&#59; other examples are GANFYD&#44; which is continuously updated by its readers&#44; or the wiki developed in our hospital to coordinate teaching activities&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0085"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a> Currently&#44; there are several wikis with doctor-patient interaction where the latter can obtain all the information necessary regarding&#44; for example&#44; a particular surgical procedure&#46; <span class="elsevierStyleBold">The possibilities of this type of website are enormous given how easily they can be constructed and the diverse material they can contain&#46;</span></p><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Another major element of the 2&#46;0 world are blogs&#46; The word <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">blog</span> is derived from the words <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">web</span> and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">log</span>&#46; Blogs are tools that work like diaries or journals and can be written by one person or a workgroup&#59; they are open to collaboration and associated comments from the blog itself or from social networks&#46; They can be used as learning or discussion forums&#46; Their success lies in their ease of creation&#44; which requires very basic technical knowledge&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> Unlike a website&#44; blogs are tools that are perfect for direct interaction with users as they are dynamic and integrated with all the social media&#58; Facebook&#44; Twitter&#44; YouTube&#44; SlideShare&#44; feeds&#44; FourSquare&#44; Podcast&#44; Flickr&#44; etc&#46;</p><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Last of all&#44; Web 2&#46;0 is an open network&#46; Although it is one of its theoretical advantages because it is free and transparent&#44; there is some controversy about the use of social networks between doctors and patients&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0090"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span></a> We must be especially careful with regards to patient confidentiality&#46; If a patient requests becoming a &#8220;friend&#8221; in a social network&#44; it is recommended to have a separate&#44; professional account in Facebook for that type of contact&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0095"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19</span></a> In spite of the drawbacks mentioned in the doctor-patient relationship at the heart of Web 2&#46;0&#44; we believe that the benefits provided by these new methods of communication and interaction far outweigh the problems that may arise&#46; The time has come for us to jump on the 2&#46;0 bandwagon&#44; where the channels of communication among professionals and with patients improve disease processes&#44; facilitate learning from contact with other physicians and surgeons&#44; and provide an excellent resource to maintain health&#44; determine diseases and define treatment&#46;</p><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Conflict of Interest</span><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors have no conflict of interest to declare&#46;</p></span></span>"
    "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [
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            0 => "Internet"
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        "titulo" => "Abstract"
        "resumen" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Numerous articles and opinions have been published in the last few years on how the Internet is changing clinical practice&#46;</p><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">In this article we focus on describing 2 aspects that we believe are fundamental in the Web 2&#46;0 and medicine&#8211;surgery inter-relationship&#58; &#40;a&#41; Web 2&#46;0 conceptualisation and its differences with other pre-existing tools&#44; and &#40;b&#41; a description of some of the tools that from a medical-surgical view could be of major interest to the professionals&#44; the patients&#44; and interaction between both&#46;</p><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The time has arrived to board train 2&#46;0&#44; where the channels of communication between the professionals&#44; and between them and the patients&#44; are improving disease situations daily&#44; to improve learning through contact with other physicians and surgeons&#44; at the same time providing an excellent resource for maintaining health and to know the disease and its treatment&#46;</p>"
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        "resumen" => "<p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">En los &#250;ltimos tiempos hemos visto publicados numerosos art&#237;culos y opiniones acerca de c&#243;mo internet est&#225; cambiando la pr&#225;ctica cl&#237;nica&#46;</p><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">En el presente art&#237;culo nos centraremos en describir 2 aspectos que creemos fundamentales en la interrelaci&#243;n web 2&#46;0 y Medicina-Cirug&#237;a&#58; a&#41; conceptualizaci&#243;n de web 2&#46;0 y sus diferencias con las herramientas preexistentes y b&#41; descripci&#243;n de algunas de las herramientas que bajo la &#243;ptica m&#233;dico-quir&#250;rgica pueden ser de mayor inter&#233;s para los profesionales&#44; los pacientes y la interacci&#243;n entre ambos&#46;</p><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Ha llegado el momento de subirse al tren 2&#46;0&#44; donde los canales de comunicaci&#243;n entre profesionales y entre estos con los pacientes mejoran a diario las situaciones de enfermedad&#44; facilitan el aprendizaje a partir del contacto con otros m&#233;dicos y cirujanos&#44; al tiempo que proporcionan un excelente recurso para mantener la salud y conocer la enfermedad y su terap&#233;utica&#46;</p>"
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        "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0005">Please cite this article as&#58; Belda Lozano R&#44; Ferrer M&#225;rquez M&#44; Garc&#237;a Torrecillas JM&#44; Alvarez Garc&#237;a A&#44; Reina Duarte A&#46; Cirujano 2&#46;0&#58; el reto est&#225; en la red&#46; Cir Esp&#46; 2013&#59;91&#58;358&#8211;360&#46;</p>"
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ISSN: 21735077
Original language: English
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es en pt

¿Es usted profesional sanitario apto para prescribir o dispensar medicamentos?

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?

Você é um profissional de saúde habilitado a prescrever ou dispensar medicamentos