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Inicio Clínica e Investigación en Arteriosclerosis Avasimibe, un nuevo inhibidor de la ACAT, y atorvastatina actúan sinérgicament...
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Vol. 14. Issue 6.
Pages 286-294 (January 2002)
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Vol. 14. Issue 6.
Pages 286-294 (January 2002)
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Avasimibe, un nuevo inhibidor de la ACAT, y atorvastatina actúan sinérgicamente reduciendo el contenido de ésteres de colesterol en macrófagos humanos THP-1
Avasimibe, a novel ACAT inhibitor, and atorvastatin act sinergistically to reduce cholesteryl ester content in THP-1 human macrophages
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G. Llaverías, M. Jové, G. Hernándeza, J.C. Laguna, M. Alegret
Corresponding author
alegret@farmacia.far.ub.es

Correspondencia: Unidad de Farmacología. Facultad de Farmacia. Diagonal, 643. 08028 Barcelona. España
Unidad de Farmacología. Departamento de Farmacología y Química Terapéutica. Facultad de Farmacia. Universidad de Barcelona
C. Díaza
a Departamento I+D. Pfizer S.A. Barcelona. España
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Fundamento y objetivo

Existen evidencias de que la inhibición conjunta de la acil-CoA:colesterol aciltransferasa (ACAT) y de la hidroximetil glutaril- CoA (HMG-CoA) reductasa produce un efecto antiaterosclerótico directo de forma sinérgica en la pared vascular. El objetivo de este estudio ha sido determinar el efecto de un nuevo inhibidor de la ACAT (avasimibe), solo o en combinación con un inhibidor de la HMG-CoA reductasa (atorvastatina), sobre la acumulación de ésteres de colesterol en un modelo in vitro de macrófagos humanos

Métodos

Los macrófagos THP-1 se incubaron de dos formas: a) simultáneamente con LDL acetiladas y el(los) fármaco(s) en presencia y en ausencia de HDL durante 48 h, o b) en una primera fase con LDL acetiladas, para permitir la carga lipídica, seguido de una incubación con el fármaco en presencia de HDL durante otras 48 h (incubación secuencial). A partir del lisado celular se extrajeron los lípidos y se determinaron los contenidos de colesterol libre y total por cromatografía de gases. El contenido en ésteres de colesterol se calculó por diferencia entre el colesterol total y el libre. La viabilidad celular se determinó por el método de MTT

Resultados

En macrófagos incubados simultáneamente con LDL acetiladas, avasimibe (0,01-0,5 µM) produjo una disminución dependiente de la concentración del contenido de colesterol esterificado, que no fue acompañada de un incremento en el colesterol libre intracelular. La adición de atorvastatina 5 µM potenció alrededor de 2 veces la capacidad de avasimibe 0,5 µM de reducir la masa de colesterol esterificado, efecto que fue revertido por la adición de mevalonato 200 µM o geranil-geraniol 10 µM

Conclusiones

En función de estos datos, se propone que el sinergismo entre inhibidores de la ACAT y de la HMG-CoA reductasa descrito en algunos estudios in vivo se podría explicar por un efecto aditivo directo de los dos fármacos en la reducción del contenido lipídico de los macrófagos presentes en el área de lesión ateromatosa

Palabras clave:
Avasimibe
Atorvastatina
ACAT
HMG-CoA reductasa
Macrófago
Ésteres de colesterol
Background and objective

There are evidences that the inhibition of both acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) and hydroxymethyl glutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase cause a synergistic direct antiatherosclerotic effect on the vessel wall. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of the ACAT inhibitor (avasimibe), alone and in combination with an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (atorvastatin), on cholesteryl ester (CE) content in an in vitro model of human macrophages

Methods

THP-1 macrophages were incubated: a) with acetyl-LDL simultaneously with the drug(s) ± HDL, during 48 h, or b) with acetyl-LDL to allow lipid enrichment, followed by a further incubation with the drug(s) under study for 48 h, in the presence of HDL (sequential incubation). Cellular lipids were extracted and both free and total cholesterol mass were quantified by gas chromatography. CE mass was determined from the difference between total and free cholesterol. Cell viability was assessed by the MTT method

Results

In macrophages incubated simultaneously with acetyl-LDL, avasimibe (0,01-0,5 µM) caused a concentration-dependent reduction in cell cholesteryl ester content, that was not accompanied by an increase in intracellular free cholesterol. 5 µM atorvastatin enhanced by approximately 2-fold the ability of 0.5 µM avasimibe to reduce the mass of esterified colesterol. This effect was reversed by coincubation with 200 µM mevalonate or 10 µM geranyl-geraniol

Conclusions

Based on these data, we propose that the synergism between ACAT and HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors found in several in vivo studies could be explained by a direct additive effect of both agents reducing the lipid content of the macrophages present in the atheromatous lesion area

Key words:
Avasimibe
Atorvastatin
ACAT
HMG-CoA reductase
Macrophage
Colesteryl ester
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