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Inicio Clínica e Investigación en Arteriosclerosis L-carnitina en el miocardio aturdido, acción funcional y estructural. Estudio e...
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Vol. 16. Issue 6.
Pages 233-239 (January 2004)
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Vol. 16. Issue 6.
Pages 233-239 (January 2004)
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L-carnitina en el miocardio aturdido, acción funcional y estructural. Estudio experimental en perros
L-cartinitine in stunned myocardium: functional and structural action. an experimental study in dogs
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A. Hernándiz
Corresponding author
hernandiz_amp@gva.es

Correspondencia: Unidad de Cardiocirculatorio. Centro de Investigación. Hospital Universitario La Fe.Avda. Campanar, 21. 46009 Valencia. España
, C. Capdevila, J. Cosín, M. Portolés
Unidad Cardiocirculatoria. Centro de Investigación. Hospital Universitario La Fe. Valencia. Españ
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Introducción y objetivos

La mayor parte de la producción de adenosín trifosfato (ATP) por el miocardio proviene de la oxidación de ácidos grasos; la carnitina es el sustrato de enzimas transportadoras de los ácidos grasos hacia el interior de las mitocondrias. La isquemia miocárdica está asociada a la depleción de carnitina. La carnitina induce la recuperación de la contractilidad miocárdica afectada por isquemias breves y repetidas y limita la aparición del aturdimiento del miocardio. Nuestro objetivo fue estudiar los efectos de la L-carnitina en la estructura mitocondrial miocárdica en un modelo experimental de miocardio aturdido por isquemias muy breves y repetidas

Métodos

Se estudiaron 2 series: control (6 perros) y carnitina (6 perros) a la que se administró L-carnitina a dosis de 250 mg/kg/día, por vía oral, desde 7 días previos a la realización del protocolo isquémico y durante todo el seguimiento (10 días). El protocolo isquémico consistió en 20 oclusiones completas de la arteria descendente anterior de 2 min de duración y 3 min de reperfusión entre ellas. Se efectuó el estudio de ultraestructura miocárdica en el día considerado como basal sin protocolo isquémico, y a las 24 h y los 10 días de éste. Se realizó control de parámetros de función cardíaca diario. El estudio de la ultraestructura mitocondrial se ha realizado con microscopio electrónico de transmisión mediante la valoración cuantitativa de las mitocondrias lesionadas, fusionadas, emparejadas y los gránulos de lipofuccina

Resultados

Los parámetros de función cardíaca global no mostraron diferencias entre ambas series en las distintas fases del estudio. El daño mitocondrial producido por las isquemias fue significativamente menor en la serie de carnitina que en la de control (el 24,7 frente al 54%; p - 0,001), con más fusiones y emparejamientos mitocondriales en presencia de carnitina. Esta situación de menor daño y mayor actividad mitocondrial confirma el efecto cardioprotector de la carnitina

Conclusión

La L-carnitina ejerce un efecto positivo funcional y estructural en el miocardio isquémico y en el aturdido

Palabras clave:
Carnitina
Isquemia
Mitocondria
Introduction and objectives

Myocordial ATP is mainly produced by fatty acid oxidation, metabolites are then carried into the mitochondria by carnitine enzymes. Cardiac ischemia is associated with carnitine depletion. Carnitine induces myocardial contractility recovery after its alteration due to brief and repeated ischemic episodes and limits the onset of myocardial stunning. Our objective was to study the effects of L-carnitine on the myocardial mitochondria structure in an experimental myocardial stunning model

Methods

Two series were studied, a control (6 dogs) and a carnitine (6 dogs). L-carnitine was administered orally to the latter at doses of 250 mg/kg/day, starting 7 days prior to application of the ischemic protocol and throughout the followup period (10 days). The ischemic protocol (IP) consisted of 20 complete occlusions of the anterior descending coronary artery, each lasting 2 min and with a 3-min reperfusion period between occlusions. The ultrastructural study was conducted on the considered basal day without IP, again 24 hours later and 10 days after IP by electronic transmission microscopy, damaged, fused and paired mitochondria and lipofuccine granules were quantified. Cardiac function parameters were recorded daily

Results

No differences were found in global cardiac function or ECC between the 2 series. Mitochondrial damage due to ischemia was significantly less in the carnitine series than the control series (24.7% versus 54%, p - 0.001); more mitochondrial fusions and pairs were observed in the presence of carnitine. Data showed less mitochondrial damage and higher mitochondrial activity in the carnitine series and thus confirmed the cardio-protective effect of carnitine against ischemia

Conclusion

L-carnitine exerts a positive functional and structural effect on ischemic and stunned myocardium

Key words:
Carnitine
Ischemia
Mitochondria
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Copyright © 2004. Sociedad Española de Arteriosclerosis y Elsevier España, S.L.
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