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Inicio Clínica e Investigación en Ginecología y Obstetricia Sexual self-concept and intimacy in context of vaginismus: A case–control stud...
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Vol. 51. Issue 3.
(July - September 2024)
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Vol. 51. Issue 3.
(July - September 2024)
Original article
Sexual self-concept and intimacy in context of vaginismus: A case–control study
Autoconcepto sexual e intimidad en el contexto del vaginismo: un estudio de casos y controles
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M. Banaeia, F. Alidostb, H. Shahrahmanic, F. Yazdanic, Z. Sepehria, N. Karimand,
Corresponding author
a Mother and Child Welfare Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
b Midwifery and Reproductive Department, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
c Student Research Committee, Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
d Midwifery and Reproductive Health Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Tables (3)
Table 1. Socio-demographic and sexual information of women with and without vaginismus (controls).
Table 2. Comparison subscale of sexual self-concept and sexual intimacy between groups.
Table 3. Regression analysis of sexual self-concept, and sexual relationship information in the differentiation of patients with vaginismus from healthy control subjects.
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Abstract
Background

As sexuality and its related issues are significantly associated with sociocultural settings, addressing the sexual health status of individuals in different societies is of the utmost importance. Women with vaginismus have more stress, anxiety, depression, and they also feel hopeless and have low self-esteem. And this problem can disturb intimacy between couples and women's sexual self-concept. Therefore, the present study was to determine and compare sexual self-concept and intimacy in women presenting with and without vaginismus.

Methods

This case–control study was conducted in 2021–2022 on 240 women with and without vaginismus, referring to selected sexual health clinics based in Iran. The data collection tools recruited were the demographic characteristics’ information, the Multidimensional Sexual Self-Concept Questionnaire, and the Sexual Intimacy Scale. To calculate the odds ratio of the studied variables, the logistic regression analysis using the SPSS Statistics software (ver. 25) was also employed.

Results

The mean age of women with and without vaginismus was 27.85±4.62 and 28.51±4.34, respectively. According to the regression results, the variables of sexual intimacy (odds ratio (OR)=0.864, P<0.001), sexual awareness (OR=6.090, P=0.003), sexual-anxiety (OR=1.613, P<0.001), fear of sex (OR=1.338, P=0.021) and sexual problem prevention (OR=0.765, P=0.016) were significantly associated with vaginismus.

Conclusions

According to these results, sexual intimacy, sexual awareness, sexual-anxiety, fear of sex and sexual problem prevention were significantly associated with vaginismus. Therefore, it is suggested that for the treatment of women with vaginismus, interventions can be designed to improve sexual intimacy, sexual knowledge and positive sexual self-concept and reduce sexual anxiety.

Keywords:
Vaginismus
Self-concept
Intimacy
Sexual health
Penetration pain
Resumen
Antecedentes

Como la sexualidad y sus cuestiones relacionadas están significativamente asociadas con entornos socioculturales, es de suma importancia abordar el estado de salud sexual de las personas en diferentes sociedades. Las mujeres con vaginismo tienen más estrés, ansiedad, depresión, y también se sienten desesperanzadas y tienen baja autoestima. Y este problema puede perturbar la intimidad entre las parejas y el autoconcepto sexual de las mujeres. Por lo tanto, el presente estudio fue para determinar y comparar el autoconcepto sexual y la intimidad en mujeres con y sin vaginismo.

Métodos

Este estudio de casos y controles se llevó a cabo en 2021-2022 en 240 mujeres con y sin vaginismo, refiriéndose a clínicas de salud sexual seleccionadas con sede en Irán. Las herramientas de recolección de datos fueron la información de características demográficas, el Cuestionario multidimensional de autoconcepto sexual y la Escala de intimidad sexual. Para calcular la proporción de probabilidades de las variables estudiadas se empleó el análisis de regresión logística utilizando el software SPSS Statistics.

Resultados

La edad media de las mujeres con y sin vaginismo fue de 27,85±4,62 y 28,51±4,34 años, respectivamente. Según los resultados de regresión, las variables de intimidad sexual (odds ratio [OR]=0,864, p<0,001), conciencia sexual (OR=6,090, p=0,003), ansiedad sexual (OR=1,613, p<0,001), miedo al sexo (OR=1,338, p=0,021) y prevención de problemas sexuales (OR=0,765, p=0,016) se asociaron significativamente con el vaginismo.

Conclusiones

Según estos resultados, la intimidad sexual, la conciencia sexual, la ansiedad sexual, el miedo al sexo y la prevención de problemas sexuales se asociaron significativamente con el vaginismo. Por lo tanto, se sugiere que para el tratamiento de mujeres con vaginismo se puedan diseñar intervenciones para mejorar la intimidad sexual, el conocimiento sexual y el autoconcepto sexual positivo y reducir el autoconcepto sexual negativo.

Palabras clave:
Vaginismo
Autoconcepto
Intimidad
Salud sexual
Dolor de penetración

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