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Vol. 28. Issue 1.
Pages 18-21 (January 2001)
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Vol. 28. Issue 1.
Pages 18-21 (January 2001)
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Diagnóstico y conducta en el hídrops fetal temprano
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C. Santiago Blázquez, A.R. González Ramírez, M. Pérez Sánchez, M.A. Fernández Soriano, J.M. Miranda Carranza
Unidad de Medicina Fetal. Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves. Granada. España.
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Resumen

El hídrops fetal temprano es un fenómeno frecuente que forma parte de numerosos procesos patológicos. Sin embargo, la tasa de diagnósticos se encuentrapor debajo de su incidencia. Los hallazgos ecográficos indirectos relacionados con fallo cardíaco de diferente origen son más frecuentes en el primer trimestre. Es estos casos, el aumento del pliegue nucal sueleser el primer signo ecográfico de hídrops temprano.En el estudio realizado sobre 30 casos en los que sedeterminó el cariotipo fetal por un pliegue nucal mayor de 3 mm antes de la semana 14 de gestacióncomo indicación, el índice de cromosomopatías fue del 36,7 frente al 3,1% de cariotipos anormales obtenidos cuando la indicación fue otra. Además, se observó un 50% de anomalías asociadas entre los quepresentaron algún signo temprano de hídrops y un 47% de mortalidad fetal asociada. La medición delpliegue nucal ofrece la oportunidad de realizar un cribado temprano de aneuploidías, cardiopatías u otrasafecciones fetales.

Summary

Early foetal hydrops is a frequent phenomenon which is part of numerous pathological process. However, the level of diagnosis is lower than its incidence. Ultrasound finding indirectly related to cardiac failure of different origin are most frequent during the first trimester. In these cases, the increase of the nucal fold is usually the first U/S sign of early hydrops. In this study carried out on 30 cases in which foetal kariotype was determined after a nucal fold of greater than 3 mm before the 14th week of gesttion as an indication. The index of chromosomal anomalies was 36.7% opposed to the 3.1% obtained when the indication for karyotyping was different. Additionally, it was observed that 50% of the associated anomalies were among those which showed a sign of early hydrops with a 47% of foetal mortality. Measurement of fold offers the opportunity to carry out an early screening of aneuploids, cardiopathies and other foetal diseases.

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Copyright © 2001. Elsevier España, S.L.. Todos los derechos reservados
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