Editorial
Point-of-care ultrasonography for anesthesiologists
Ecografía al lado de la cama del paciente para anestesiólogos
Cristian Arzola
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carzola@mtsinai.on.ca
Correspondence to: Department of Anesthesia, University of Toronto, Mount Sinai Hospital, Joseph and Wolf Lebovic Health Complex, 600 University Avenue, Room 19-104, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1X5.
Correspondence to: Department of Anesthesia, University of Toronto, Mount Sinai Hospital, Joseph and Wolf Lebovic Health Complex, 600 University Avenue, Room 19-104, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1X5.
Assistant Professor, Department of Anesthesia, University of Toronto, Mount Sinai Hospital, Joseph and Wolf Lebovic Health Complex, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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"figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr2.jpeg" "Alto" => 1244 "Ancho" => 1607 "Tamanyo" => 51413 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar9055" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Pain intensity behavior (VAS) during the three follow-up periods.</p>" ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "Mario Andrés Arcila-Lotero, María Adelaida Mejía-Aguilar" "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Mario Andrés" "apellidos" => "Arcila-Lotero" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "María Adelaida" "apellidos" => "Mejía-Aguilar" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "es" => array:9 [ "pii" => "S0120334714001488" "doi" => "10.1016/j.rca.2014.09.011" "estado" => "S300" "subdocumento" => "" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0120334714001488?idApp=UINPBA00004N" ] ] "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2256208714001291?idApp=UINPBA00004N" "url" => "/22562087/0000004300000004/v1_201510250024/S2256208714001291/v1_201510250024/en/main.assets" ] "en" => array:13 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Editorial</span>" "titulo" => "Point-of-care ultrasonography for anesthesiologists" "tieneTextoCompleto" => true "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "261" "paginaFinal" => "262" ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "autoresLista" => "Cristian Arzola" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "nombre" => "Cristian" "apellidos" => "Arzola" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "carzola@mtsinai.on.ca" ] "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">*</span>" "identificador" => "cor0005" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "entidad" => "Assistant Professor, Department of Anesthesia, University of Toronto, Mount Sinai Hospital, Joseph and Wolf Lebovic Health Complex, Toronto, Ontario, Canada" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor0005" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Correspondence to</span>: Department of Anesthesia, University of Toronto, Mount Sinai Hospital, Joseph and Wolf Lebovic Health Complex, 600 University Avenue, Room 19-104, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1X5." ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Ecografía al lado de la cama del paciente para anestesiólogos" ] ] "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Point-of-care ultrasonography (POCUS) is performed and interpreted by the clinician at the bedside, allowing real time findings, clinical correlation with the patient signs and symptoms, and dynamic images that are repeatable if the patient's condition changes.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0085"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> This practice has increased dramatically in the last 20 years, achieving the involvement of multiple specialties beyond the traditional repositories of this diagnostic tool. Although the development and progress in technology have been critical factors in this growing trend, not until a change in mindset matures in a particular specialty will we really encounter a paradigm shift. From Obstetrics and Gynecology to Nephrology, Pulmonary Medicine to Rheumatology, Trauma Surgery to Neonatology, and many more have witnessed the advancement of this trend in modern medicine. The utility of POCUS has been characterized in areas of diagnostics, procedural–interventional and screening, which must be customized to the particular needs of the specialty. In the field of Acute Care Medicine (Emergency Medicine, Critical Care and Anesthesiology), the growing interest in POCUS portrays a future where the practice of bedside ultrasound will be integrated into the everyday clinical practice as <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">ultrasound-assisted examination</span> and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">ultrasound-guided procedures</span>.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0090"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> In this context, US has to be approached as part of everyday practice rather than as a separate US exam.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0095"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> In order to successfully advance this new approach, the change in mindset will have to incorporate early interventions in undergraduate and medical schools. In 2006, the University of South Carolina, School of Medicine introduced an integrated ultrasound curriculum across all 4 years of medical school. Such experience depicts the feasibility and acceptance from teachers and learners.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0100"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4,5</span></a> More recently a pilot ultrasound curriculum was introduced in Harvard Medical School. The main purpose was to integrate US into the teaching of physical examination. Their perspective aims to train a generation of physicians that will need to view this technology as an extension of their senses, just as many generations have viewed the stethoscope.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0110"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a></p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Although anesthesiologists have been instrumental in the development of perioperative ultrasound over the last 30 years, in areas such as intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography, ultrasound-guided vascular access, and ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia, current involvement goes beyond that traditional scope.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0115"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a> The evolution in regional blocks,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0120"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a> the teaching of focus transthoracic echocardiography,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0125"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9,10</span></a> the growing interest in lung ultrasound,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0135"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11</span></a> the novelty of bedside ultrasound assessment of gastric contents<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0140"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12–15</span></a> and any new US application demands a good level of evidence supporting its validity and utility in clinical practice. The evidence-based continuum requires answering three main questions: Is diagnosis improved? – (diagnostic accuracy); does improved diagnosis lead to change in decision-making?; and do changes in decision-making lead to better patient outcome? Although there are many more questions and controversies, current trends are definitely conforming the way we practice anesthesiology, and foremost bedside ultrasound is becoming the next step in perioperative care<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0160"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16</span></a> that we may need to embrace progressively in the following years.</p><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0005">Funding</span><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">None.</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Conflict of interest</span><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The author has no conflicts of interest to declare.</p></span></span>" "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [ "secciones" => array:3 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0005" "titulo" => "Funding" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0010" "titulo" => "Conflict of interest" ] 2 => array:1 [ "titulo" => "References" ] ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "NotaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "☆" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0005">Please cite this article as: Arzola C. Ecografía al lado de la cama del paciente para anestesiólogos. Rev Colomb Anestesiol. 2015;43:261–262.</p>" ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0005" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:16 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0085" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Point-of-care ultrasonography" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "C.L. Moore" 1 => "J.A. 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| Year/Month | Html | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 November | 5 | 2 | 7 |
| 2024 October | 9 | 3 | 12 |
| 2024 September | 12 | 2 | 14 |
| 2024 August | 10 | 4 | 14 |
| 2024 July | 22 | 3 | 25 |
| 2024 June | 10 | 2 | 12 |
| 2024 May | 8 | 3 | 11 |
| 2024 April | 7 | 5 | 12 |
| 2024 March | 9 | 3 | 12 |
| 2024 February | 17 | 9 | 26 |
| 2024 January | 15 | 4 | 19 |
| 2023 December | 16 | 6 | 22 |
| 2023 November | 7 | 11 | 18 |
| 2023 October | 13 | 47 | 60 |
| 2023 September | 6 | 3 | 9 |
| 2023 August | 8 | 4 | 12 |
| 2023 July | 6 | 3 | 9 |
| 2023 June | 7 | 3 | 10 |
| 2023 May | 9 | 4 | 13 |
| 2023 April | 2 | 4 | 6 |
| 2023 March | 11 | 5 | 16 |
| 2023 February | 6 | 2 | 8 |
| 2023 January | 3 | 5 | 8 |
| 2022 December | 15 | 8 | 23 |
| 2022 November | 27 | 10 | 37 |
| 2022 October | 15 | 12 | 27 |
| 2022 September | 10 | 9 | 19 |
| 2022 August | 13 | 7 | 20 |
| 2022 July | 13 | 6 | 19 |
| 2022 June | 8 | 8 | 16 |
| 2022 May | 7 | 7 | 14 |
| 2022 April | 6 | 6 | 12 |
| 2022 March | 5 | 8 | 13 |
| 2022 February | 6 | 3 | 9 |
| 2022 January | 13 | 4 | 17 |
| 2021 December | 6 | 6 | 12 |
| 2021 November | 4 | 5 | 9 |
| 2021 October | 11 | 11 | 22 |
| 2021 September | 5 | 7 | 12 |
| 2021 August | 9 | 3 | 12 |
| 2021 July | 8 | 7 | 15 |
| 2021 June | 7 | 6 | 13 |
| 2021 May | 6 | 6 | 12 |
| 2021 April | 18 | 16 | 34 |
| 2021 March | 5 | 4 | 9 |
| 2021 February | 5 | 9 | 14 |
| 2021 January | 8 | 12 | 20 |
| 2020 December | 25 | 3 | 28 |
| 2020 November | 5 | 3 | 8 |
| 2020 October | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 2020 September | 4 | 8 | 12 |
| 2020 August | 6 | 8 | 14 |
| 2020 July | 5 | 11 | 16 |
| 2020 June | 4 | 2 | 6 |
| 2020 May | 9 | 4 | 13 |
| 2020 April | 2 | 1 | 3 |
| 2020 March | 4 | 3 | 7 |
| 2020 February | 3 | 3 | 6 |
| 2020 January | 7 | 3 | 10 |
| 2019 December | 5 | 9 | 14 |
| 2019 November | 3 | 1 | 4 |
| 2019 October | 3 | 3 | 6 |
| 2019 September | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| 2019 July | 11 | 5 | 16 |
| 2019 June | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 2019 May | 3 | 9 | 12 |
| 2018 September | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 2018 June | 4 | 1 | 5 |
| 2018 May | 21 | 6 | 27 |
| 2018 April | 33 | 8 | 41 |
| 2018 March | 32 | 7 | 39 |
| 2018 February | 21 | 10 | 31 |
| 2018 January | 38 | 8 | 46 |
| 2017 December | 29 | 5 | 34 |
| 2017 November | 34 | 7 | 41 |
| 2017 October | 24 | 13 | 37 |
| 2017 September | 47 | 10 | 57 |
| 2017 August | 48 | 7 | 55 |
| 2017 July | 49 | 5 | 54 |
| 2017 June | 61 | 9 | 70 |
| 2017 May | 52 | 10 | 62 |
| 2017 April | 61 | 13 | 74 |
| 2017 March | 42 | 10 | 52 |
| 2017 February | 19 | 6 | 25 |
| 2017 January | 14 | 11 | 25 |
| 2016 December | 41 | 12 | 53 |
| 2016 November | 47 | 11 | 58 |
| 2016 October | 46 | 6 | 52 |
| 2016 September | 51 | 7 | 58 |
| 2016 August | 43 | 9 | 52 |
| 2016 July | 26 | 11 | 37 |
| 2016 June | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 2016 May | 2 | 21 | 23 |
| 2016 March | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 2016 February | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 2015 December | 8 | 17 | 25 |
| 2015 November | 33 | 18 | 51 |
| 2015 October | 3 | 1 | 4 |
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