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Vol. 34. Issue 95.
Pages 55-61 (May - August 2011)
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Vol. 34. Issue 95.
Pages 55-61 (May - August 2011)
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The determinants of the choice of exchange rate regimes in Latin America: a mixed multinomial logit approach
Determinantes de la elección del régimen cambiario en América Latina: una aproximación a un modelo logit multinomial mixto
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Pedro Álvarez Ondinaa, José Luis Pérez Riverob,
Corresponding author
jrivero@uniovi.es

Corresponding author.
, Saúl de Vicente Queijeirob, María Rosalía Vicente Cuervob
a Departamento de Investigación de Bankia, Madrid, Spain
b Departamento de Economía Aplicada, Universidad de Oviedo, Spain
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Abstract

The choice of the exchange rate regime is one of the most significant monetary policy decisions that any economic authority has to make nowadays. Indeed, there have been many studies from a theoretical and empirical point of view, but the only common conclusion would be the lack of consensus. In the past this topic has been modeled by binary probit or cross-sectional multinomial logit models, both of which have weaknesses in the assumptions of the choices. In this paper, such issue is faced by means of a panel mixed multinomial logit model, which allows for substitution pattern among the three types of exchange rate regimes: fixed, intermediate, and flexible. Three types of choice determinants are explored: those stated by the Optimum Currency Area (OCA) theory, types of shocks and vulnerability to currency crises, using a sample of 21 Latin American countries over the period 1980–2004.

Keywords:
Exchange Rate Regime
Optimum Currency Area
Currency Crisis
Mixed multinomial logit model
Resumen

La elección del régimen cambiario constituye una de las decisiones de política económica más relevantes a las que se enfrentan las autoridades monetarias de cualquier país. Existe una amplia literatura, tanto teórica como empírica, cuyo principal resultado es la falta de consenso acerca de los determinantes de la elección del régimen cambiario. Tradicionalmente, este problema se había tratado mediante modelos probit binarios o modelos logit multinomiales de corte transversal, presentando ambos debilidades en la estimación. En este artículo, esta cuestión se afronta mediante un modelo logit multinomial con datos de panel que permite la correlación de los errores en el tiempo, así como una mayor flexibilidad en la elección de las alternativas. Se analizan tres tipos de determinantes en la elección de régimen cambiario: aquellos que se derivan de la teoría de las Áreas Monetarias Óptimas, los relativos a los tipos de shocks y los que se refieren a la propensión a las crisis cambiarias, utilizando una muestra de 21 países de América Latina para el periodo 1980–2004.

Palabras clave:
Regímenes Cambiarios
Áreas Monetarias Óptimas
Crisis Cambiarias
Logit multinomial mixto
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