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Inicio Endocrinología, Diabetes y Nutrición (English ed.) Fighting thyrotoxicosis with therapeutic plasma exchange: A case report
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Vol. 71. Issue 4.
Pages 177-180 (April 2024)
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Vol. 71. Issue 4.
Pages 177-180 (April 2024)
Review article
Fighting thyrotoxicosis with therapeutic plasma exchange: A case report
Combatiendo la tirotoxicosis con recambio plasmático terapéutico: reporte de un caso
Álvaro Valverde Márquez
Corresponding author
alvarovalverdemarquez@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, María Teresa Mories Álvarez, Heather Stacey Villanueva Alvarado, Ximena Carolina Vivas Vaca, Manuel Delgado Gómez
Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Salamanca University Healthcare Complex, Spain
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Abstract

Thyrotoxicosis is the clinical condition resulting from an excess of thyroid hormones for any reason. The main causes are Graves–Basedow disease, toxic multinodular goitre and toxic adenoma. The medical treatment to control thyroid function includes antithyroid drugs, beta blockers, iodine solutions, corticosteroids and cholestyramine. Although therapeutic plasma exchange is not generally part of the therapy, it is an alternative as a preliminary stage before the definitive treatment.

This procedure makes it possible to eliminate T4, T3, TSI, cytokines and amiodarone. In most cases, more than one cycle is necessary, either daily or every three days, until clinical improvement is observed. The effect on thyrotoxicosis is temporary, with an approximate duration of 24–48h.

This approach has been proposed as a safe and effective alternative when the medical treatment is contraindicated or not effective, and when there is multiple organ failure or emergency surgery is required.

Keywords:
Thyrotoxicosis
Thyroid
Graves
Plasma
Exchange
Resumen

La tirotoxicosis es el estado clínico resultado del exceso de hormonas tiroideas por cualquier causa. Las principales causas son la enfermedad de Graves-Basedow, el bocio multinodular tóxico y el adenoma tóxico. El tratamiento médico para controlar la función tiroidea incluye antitiroideos, betabloqueadores, preparaciones de yodo, corticoides y colestiramina. Aunque el recambio plasmático terapéutico no forma parte habitualmente de dicho tratamiento, resulta otra opción como paso previo a un tratamiento definitivo.

Dicho procedimiento permite eliminar T4, T3, TSI, citoquinas y amiodarona. Suele ser necesario más de un ciclo, diario o cada tres días hasta que se observe una mejoría clínica. El efecto sobre la tirotoxicosis es transitorio, con una duración aproximada de 24 a 48 horas.

Se ha planteado como alternativa terapéutica segura y eficaz cuando el tratamiento médico está contraindicado o es inefectivo, en presencia de fracaso multiorgánico o necesidad de cirugía de emergencia.

Palabras clave:
Tirotoxicosis
Tiroides
Graves
Plasma
Recambio

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