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Vol. 54. Issue 3.
Pages 139-144 (March 2007)
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Vol. 54. Issue 3.
Pages 139-144 (March 2007)
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Efectos beneficiosos de la adición de ezetimiba a dosis máximas de estatinas en el control de los lípidos séricos en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2
Beneficial effects of adding ezetimibe to maximum-dose statins on serum lipid control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
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Francisco J. Del Cañizo Gómeza,
Corresponding author
fjcanizo@arrakis.es

Correspondencia: Dr. F.J. del Cañizo Gómez. Travesía Mare Nostrum, 23. 28220 Majadahonda. Madrid. España.
, María N. Moreira Andrésb, Carmen Bohigas Roldánc, Mercedes Herranz Pueblac
a Unidad de Endocrinología. Hospital Virgen de la Torre. Área 1. Atención Especializada. Madrid. España
b Servicio de Endocrinología. Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre. Área 11. Atención Especializada. Madrid. España
c Unidad de Bioquímica. Laboratorio Central de Análisis Clínicos. CEP Vicente Soldevilla. Hospital Virgen de la Torre. Área 1. Atención Especializada. Madrid. España
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Article information
Introducción

La coadministración de ezetimiba, un inhibidor de la absorción de colesterol, y estatinas ha demostrado en ensayos clínicos reducir el colesterol unido a lipoproteínas de baja densidad (cLDL) un 20% con respecto a estatinas en monoterapia. Pero, ¿ocurre lo mismo en la práctica clínica?

Objetivo

Valorar en la clínica diaria, los efectos de la adición de ezetimiba en el cLDL y en el grado de control de los lípidos séricos (LS), en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) en los que dosis máximas de estatinas no consigan los objetivos de buen control.

Pacientes y métodos

A 66 pacientes con DM2 de 13,4±9,8 años de evolución (27 hombres y 39 mujeres) de 64,8±10,3 años de edad, con dislipidemia tratada con dosis máximas de atorvastatina, fluvastatina, pravastatina o simvastatina, y un cLDL > 100mg/dl, se les administró, conjuntamente con la dosis máxima de estatina, una dosis diaria de 10mg de ezetimiba en la cena. A todos se les determinó el colesterol total (CT), el colesterol unido a lipoproteínas de alta densidad (cHDL) y los triglicéridos (TG), y se calculó el cLDL antes y a los 9 meses de añadir ezetimiba a la estatina. Además, se comparó el porcentaje de pacientes que cumplían los objetivos de buen control para los LS según la American Diabetes Association (ADA), antes y a los 9 meses de añadir ezetimiba.

Resultados

A los 9 meses de añadir ezetimiba, el 58 % de los pacientes alcanzaron un cLDL < 100mg/dl (p=0,000). Asimismo, se observó una disminución significativa del CT (p=0,000), cLD (p=0,000) y TG (p=0,01), y un incremento del cHDL (p=0,025).

Conclusiones

En la práctica clínica habitual, la adición de ezetimiba consiguió los objetivos de buen control para el cLDL en casi el 60% de los pacientes con DM2 y dislipidemia de la población estudiada, que no lo habían conseguido con dosis máximas de estatinas en monoterapia. Este efecto, unido al incremento del cHDL y a la disminución del CT y de los TG observado, ponen de manifiesto la importancia de ezetimiba coadministrada con estatinas en el tratamiento de pacientes con DM2 y dislipidemia.

Palabras clave:
Ezetimiba
Lípidos séricos
Diabetes mellitus tipo 2
Introduction

Clinical trials have shown that the addition of ezetimibe, a selective inhibitor of cholesterol absorption, to statins reduces low-density lipoproteincholesterol (cLDL) by an additional 20% over statin monotherapy. However, the question of whether the same is true in clinical practice remains to be determined.

Objective

To assess the effect of the addition of ezetimibe on cLDL and its action on other serum lipids (SL) in clinical practice in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in whom maximum-dose of statins failed to achieve the recommended goals.

Patients and methods

Sixty-six patients with T2DM (27 men and 39 women) with dyslipidemia treated with maximum-dose atorvastatin, fluvastatin, pravastatin or simvastatin and with cLDL > 100 mg/dl, were included in this study. Disease duration was 13.4±9.8 years and age was 64.8±10.3 years. In all patients, we measured total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoproteincholesterol (HDL-C) and triglyceride (TG) levels and calculated cLDL before and 9 months after adding an evening dose of 10mg of ezetimibe to a maximum-dose statin. The percentage of patients who reached the SL targets according to the American Diabetes Association recommendations before and 9 months after adding ezetimibe treatment was compared.

Results

After 9 months of adding ezetimibe, 58% of patients achieved the cLDL target of < 100mg/dl (P=.000). There was also a significant decrease in mean TC (P=.000), cLDL (P=.000) and TG (P=.01) and an increase in HDL-C (P=.025).

Conclusions

In clinical practice, the addition of ezetimibe achieved the cLDL target in almost 60% of the patients with T2DM and dyslipidemia in the population studied, in whom maximum-dose statin monotherapy failed to achieve the recommended goals. In addition to this effect, the increase in HDL-C and the decrease in TC and TG observed reveal the importance of the addition of ezetimibe to statins in the treatment of T2DM patients with dyslipidemia.

Key words:
Ezetimibe
Serum lipids
Type 2 diabetes mellitus
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