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Vol. 55. Issue S2.
Guía de actualización en el tratamiento de la diabetes tipo 2 y sus complicaciones
Pages 78-82 (March 2008)
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Vol. 55. Issue S2.
Guía de actualización en el tratamiento de la diabetes tipo 2 y sus complicaciones
Pages 78-82 (March 2008)
Guía de actualización en el tratamiento de la diabetes tipo 2 y sus complicaciones
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Tratamiento farmacológico de la dislipemia en la diabetes mellitus tipo 2
Drug treatment of dyslipidemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus
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J.T. Real, R. Carmena
Corresponding author
carmena@uv.es

Corresponding: Prof. R. Carmena. Departamento de Medicina. Universidad de Valencia. Avda. Blasco Ibáñez, 15. 46010 Valencia. España.
Servicio De Endocrinología Y Nutrición. Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia. Valencia. España
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La diabetes mellitus tipo 2 conlleva un elevado riesgo cardiovascular. Un componente significativo de este riesgo puede atribuirse a la dislipemia diabética, un agrupamiento de anomalías de los lípidos y las lipoproteínas en el plasma íntimamente relacionadas. Sus principales características son hipertrigliceridemia, descenso del colesterol ligado a lipoproteínas de alta densidad (cHDL) y aumento de las lipoproteínas de baja densidad (LDL) pequeñas y densas. Estas alteraciones se conocen también como la tríada aterogénica. Otros componentes son la elevación de la apolipoproteína (apo) B, la prolongación de la lipemia posprandial y el aumento de las partículas remanentes, ricas en triglicéridos. En los últimos años, numerosos estudios prospectivos han demostrado los beneficios de las estatinas para mejorar el perfil lipídico de la dislipemia diabética y también para reducir el riesgo cardiovascular de estos pacientes. Las estatinas se consideran el tratamiento fundamental y básico de la dislipemia diabética. Los fibratos pueden usarse en algunos grupos reducidos de pacientes y, generalmente, siempre en combinación con las estatinas. Estudios futuros con nuevos fármacos hipolipemiantes y antidiabéticos permitirán un tratamiento más eficaz de la dislipemia diabética.

Palabras clave:
Dislipemia diabética
Tríada aterogénica
Estatinas y dislipemia diabética

Type 2 diabetes carries an elevated cardiovascular risk. A significant component of this risk can be attributed to diabetic dyslipidemia, a cluster of plasma lipid and lipoprotein abnormalities that are metabolically interrelated. The main characteristics of diabetic dyslipidemia are elevated triglycerides, lowered high-density lipoproteins (HDL) and raised small, dense low-density lipoproteins (LDL). These alterations are also known as the “atherogenic lipid triad”. Other components of the atherogenic lipid profile are elevated apo B levels, prolonged postprandial lipemia and accumulation of triglyceride-rich remnant particles in the circulation. In the last few years, several prospective trials have proven the effectiveness of statins in improving diabetic dyslipidemia and in reducing cardiovascular risk. These drugs are therefore considered the initial drug of choice for diabetic dyslipidemia. Fibrates can be used in a subset of patients, mostly in combination with statins. Future trials with new lipid-lowering and antidiabetic agents will hopefully allow more targeted treatment of lipid disorders and postprandial lipemia in type 2 diabetics.

Key words:
Diabetic dyslipidemia
Atherogenic lipid triad
Statins in diabetic dyslipidemia
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Copyright © 2008. Sociedad Española de Endocrinología y Nutrición
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