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Vol. 54. Issue 8.
Pages 451-453 (October 2007)
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Vol. 54. Issue 8.
Pages 451-453 (October 2007)
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Trombosis venosa profunda secundaria a canalización de vena femoral en niños con cetoacidosis diabética
Deep venous thrombosis secondary to femoral vein catheterization in children with diabetic ketoacidosis
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María del Mar Ballesteros García
Corresponding author
mdballesteros@sescam.jccm.es

Correspondencia: Dra. M.M. Ballesteros García. Avda. de la Estación, 6, 6.° D. 02001 Albacete. España.
, Ester Gil Pons, Carmen Medina Monzón, María Baquero Cano, Rafael Ruiz Cano, Andrés Martínez Gutiérrez
Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátrica. Hospital General Universitario de Albacete. Albacete. España
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Los niños ingresados por cetoacidosis diabética (CAD) suelen manejarse con vías periféricas; sin embargo, algunos pacientes necesitan un catéter central para el manejo inicial. Es sabido que la CAD implica un estado de hipercoagulabilidad que supone un aumento del riesgo de trombosis asociada a catéter. Se presentan 2 casos de trombosis femoral asociada a canalización de vena femoral coincidiendo con cetoacidosis diabética en lactantes de 18 y 27 meses. En ambos la trombosis fue precoz (antes de 72 h tras la inserción) y se desarrolló a pesar de la rápida retirada de la vía central (menor de 48 h).

Debido al alto riesgo de trombosis asociada a catéter en los pacientes diabéticos más pequeños (menores de 3 años), debe considerarse individualmente la necesidad de catéter central y evitarlo siempre que sea posible. En caso de canalización, debe valorarse la profilaxis con heparina de bajo peso molecular.

Palabras clave:
Diabetes mellitus
Cetoacidosis diabética
Trombosis venosa profunda
Catéter venoso central
Heparina de bajo peso molecular

Children admitted to hospital for diabetic ketoacidosis are frequently managed with peripheral venous lines. However, due to the severity of their illness, some patients need central lines for initial treatment.

Diabetic ketoacidosis is known to produce hypercoagulability, increasing the risk of catheter-related deep venous thrombosis.

We present two patients with diabetic ketoacidosis, aged 18 and 27 months, who developed deep venous thrombosis after placement of femoral central venous catheters. In both patients, the thrombosis occurred within 72 hours of catheter insertion, despite rapid removal of the central lines (less than 48 hours).

Due to the high risk of catheter-related thrombosis in patients with diabetic ketoacidosis (especially in children aged less than 3 years old), the need for central venous lines should be evaluated in each patient and avoided as far as possible. Low molecular weight heparin prophylaxis should be considered if a venous central catheter is required.

Key words:
Diabetes mellitus
Diabetic ketoacidosis
Deep venous thrombosis
Central venous catheter
Low molecular weight heparin
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Copyright © 2007. Sociedad Española de Endocrinología y Nutrición
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