metricas
covid
Buscar en
Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica
Toda la web
Inicio Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica Actinomicosis orocervicofacial. Presentación de 5 casos
Journal Information
Vol. 20. Issue 2.
Pages 53-56 (February 2002)
Share
Share
Download PDF
More article options
Vol. 20. Issue 2.
Pages 53-56 (February 2002)
Full text access
Actinomicosis orocervicofacial. Presentación de 5 casos
Oral and cervicofacial actinomycosis. Presentation of five cases
Visits
13411
Koldo Aguirrebengoa1
Corresponding author
kaguirrebengoa@hcru.osakidetza.net

Correspondencia: Dr. K. Aguirrebengoa. Víctor, 2, 5°. 48005 Bilbao
, Marisa Romaña, Miguel Montejo, Pedro González de Zárate
Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas
Leire Lópeza, Jesús Martínb
a Servicios de Microbiología
b Cirugía Maxilofacial. Hospital de Cruces. Baracaldo. Vizcaya
This item has received
Article information
Fundamento

La actinomicosis es una enfermedad infecciosa de tipo supurativo y granulomatoso de evolución crónica, causada por Actinomyces sp. y que afecta con mayor frecuencia al área cervicofacial.

Objetivo

Estudiar las características de los pacientes con actinomicosis, en cuanto a antecedentes clínicos, presentación clínica, método diagnóstico, tratamiento y seguimiento.

Pacientes y método

Se ha realizado una revisión retrospectiva de los casos de actinomicosis orocervicofacial microbiológica o anatomopatológicamente probados.

Resultado

Se estudian 5 pacientes, 2 varones y 3 mujeres, de edades comprendidas entre 25-69 años. Cuatro pacientes tenían antecedentes de intervenciones quirúrgicas y/o manipulaciones dentarias. Tres pacientes tenían la presentación clásica de bultoma y fistulización y dos presentaban lesiones intraorales. En 4 enfermos se obtuvo un diagnóstico microbiológico con cultivo positivo para A. israelii, y en el paciente restante mediante la citología de un grano de azufre. Solamente la primera paciente recibió la pauta clásica de penicilina i.v., tres fueron tratados con cefalosporinas de tercera generación, continuada posteriormente con amoxicilina oral durante 12 meses. La paciente 2 precisó una segunda intervención quirúrgica. El paciente 5, con un cuadro exclusivo intraoral, recibió una pauta corta de amoxicilina. No se han encontrado recidivas en el seguimiento.

Conclusión

La actinomicosis es una enfermedad infrecuente. Se precisa un elevado índice de sospecha y una buena colaboración clinicomicrobiológica para poder obtener un diagnóstico definitivo. La pauta clásica de penicilina i.v. y amoxicilina oral durante 6-12 meses es eficaz. La fase aguda del tratamiento con penicilina i.v. puede ser sustituida por cefalosporinas de tercera generación.

Palabras clave:
actinomicosis
Actinomyces israelii
gránulo de azufre
Background

Actinomycosis is a suppurative and granulomatous chronic infectious disease caused by Actinomyces sp. and most commonly affecting the cervicofacial area.

Aim

To study the clinical characteristics of patients with actinomycosis, with regard to clinical history, presentation, method of diagnosis, treatment and follow up.

Patients and methods

A retrospective review was performed on all cases of microbiologically or histologically proven oral or cervicofacial actinomycosis.

Results

Five patients were studied, 2 men and 3 women, 25-69 years old. Four patients had a history of surgical procedures and/or dental manipulations. Three patients showed the classic presentation of a lump and fistulization, and two patients presented intra-oral lesions. Four patients were diagnosed by cultures positive to A. israelii on microbiologic study and the remaining patient by cytologic detection of a sulfur granule. The first patient received the classic initial regimen of iv penicillin and 3 were treated with third-generation cephalosporins, continuing with oral amoxicillin during 12 months. Patient no.2 required a second surgical procedure. Patient no. 5, who had an exclusively oral process, received a short course of amoxicillin. There were no relapses during follow-up.

Conclusion

Actinomycosis is an uncommon disease. Establishment of the definite diagnosis requires a high index of suspicion and good clinical-microbiological collaboration. The classic course of iv penicillin and oral amoxicillin during 6-12 months is effective. For the acute phase treatment, iv penicillin can be replaced by third-generation cephalosporins.

Keywords:
actinomycosis
Actinomyces israelii
sulfur granule
Full text is only aviable in PDF
Bibliografía
[1.]
T.A. Russo.
Agents of actinomycosis.
Principles and practice of infectious diseases. 4th ed, pp. 2645-2654
[2.]
R.A. Jr. Smego, G. Foglia.
Actinomycosis.
Clin Infect Dis, 26 (1998), pp. 1255-1261
[3.]
C. Betriu, J.J. Picazo.
Actinomycosis.
Med Clin (Bar), 113 (1999), pp. 422-427
[4.]
D.F. Bennhoff.
Actinomycosis: diagnostic and therapeutic considerations and review of 32 cases.
Laryngoscope, 94 (1984), pp. 1198-1217
[5.]
J.R. Brown.
Human actinomycosis. A study of 181 subjects.
Human Pathol, 4 (1973), pp. 319-330
[6.]
W.C. Weese, M.I. Smith.
A study of 57 cases of actinomycosis over a 36-year period. A diagnostic “failure” with good prognosis after treatment.
Arch Intern Med, 135 (1975), pp. 1562-1568
[7.]
D.G. Becker, C.D. McKinney, J.F. Huhn, J.F. Reibel.
Abscess with sulfur granules with organismes consistent with Actinomyces species.
Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 118 (1992), pp. 1359-1360
[8.]
D. Stenhouse, D.C. MacDonald, T.W. MacFarlane.
Cervico-facial and intra-oral actinomycosis: a 5-year retrospective study.
B J Oral Surg Medicina Integral, 13 (1975), pp. 172-182
[9.]
M. Miller, A.J. Haddad.
Cervicofacial actinomycosis.
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endodontics, 85 (1998), pp. 496-508
[10.]
R. Nagler, M. Peled, D. Laufer.
Cervicofacial actinomycosis: a diagnostic challenge.
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endodontics, 83 (1997), pp. 652-656
[11.]
E. Müller-Holzner, A. Gschwendtner, E. Adfalter, E. Sölder, H. Schröcksndel.
Actinomycosis and long-term use of intrauterine devices.
Lancet, 336 (1990), pp. 939
[12.]
J.M. Albertos, L.M. Junquera, J.J. Palacios, M. González, M.J. Pérez, M. Gener.
Actinomicosis cervicofacial.
An Otorrinolaringol Iberoam, 24 (1997), pp. 255-268
[13.]
E. Holst, P. Lund.
Cervicofacial actinomycosis.
Int J Oral Surg, 3 (1979), pp. 194-198
[14.]
M. Roth, K.T. Montone.
Actinomycosis of the paranasal sinuses: a case report and review.
Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 114 (1996), pp. 818-821
[15.]
M.M Rubin, B.S. Krist.
Actinomycosis presenting as a midline palatal defects.
J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 53 (1995), pp. 701-703
[16.]
M.J. Belmont, P.M. Behar, M.K. Wax.
Atypical presentation of actinomycosis.
Head Neck, 21 (1999), pp. 46-47
[17.]
R.H.A. Samuels, M.V. Martin.
A clinical and microbiologic study of actynomycetes in oral and cervicofacial lesions.
Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 26 (1988), pp. 458-463
[18.]
R.E. Topazian.
Osteomyelitis of the jaws.
Oral and maxillofacial infections. 3rd ed, pp. 251-288
[19.]
R.P. Lewis, V.L. Sutter, S.M. Finegold.
Bone infection involving anaerobic bacteria.
Medicine (Baltimore), 57 (1978), pp. 279-305
[20.]
S.B. Bartkovski, J. Zapala, P. Heczko, M. Szuta.
Actinomycotic osteomyelitis of the mandible: review of 15 cases.
J Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surg, 26 (1998), pp. 63-67
[21.]
V.L. Ugboko, H.O. Olajosi, E.O. Ogunbodede.
Cervicofacial actinomycosis after partial mandibular resection: case report.
East African Med J, 75 (1998), pp. 122-123
[22.]
R.P. Zitsch, M. Bothwell.
Actinomycosis: a potential complication of head and neck surgery.
J Otolaryngol, 20 (1999), pp. 260-266
[23.]
H.A. Allen, J.C. Scatarige, M.H. Kim.
Actinomycosis: CT findings in six patients.
AJR, 149 (1987), pp. 1255-1258
[24.]
Y. Kitagawa, Y. Ishii, Y. Kawamura, K. Hayashi, T. Ogasawara, H. Orihiro.
Usefulness of fat-supression magnetic resonance imaging for oral and maxillofacial lesions.
International J Oral Maxillofiacial Surg, 25 (1996), pp. 457-462
[25.]
B. Sa’Do, K. Yoshiura, K. Yuasa.
Multimodality imaging of cervicofacial actinomycosis.
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol, 76 (1993), pp. 772-782
[26.]
D.K. Das.
Actinomycosis in the fine needle aspiration cytology.
Cytopathology, 5 (1994), pp. 234-250
[27.]
P.G. Pollock, D.S. Meyers, W.J. Frable, J.F. Valicenti, F.P. Koontz, C.S. Beavert.
Rapid diagnosis of actinomycosis by thin-needle aspiration biopsy.
Am J Clin Pathol, 70 (1984), pp. 27-30
[28.]
J. Vera-Álvarez, M. Marigil-Gómez, M. Abascal Agorreta.
Fine needle aspiration cytology of cervicofacial actinomycosis.
Acta Cytol, 37 (1993), pp. 109-111
[29.]
I.S. Hong, H.M. Mezghebe, T.E. Gaiter, J. Lofton.
Actinomycosis of the neck: Diagnosis by fine needle aspiration biopsy.
J Natl Med Assoc, 85 (1993), pp. 145-146
[30.]
M.V. Martin.
Antibiotic treatment of cervicofacial actinomycosis for patients allergic to penicillin: a clinical and in vitro study.
Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 23 (1985), pp. 428-435
[31.]
A. Skoutelis, J. Petrochilos, H. Bassaris.
Succesful treatment of thoracic actinomycosis with ceftriaxone.
Clin Infect Dis, 19 (1994), pp. 161-162
[32.]
K.A. Hamed.
Successful treatment of primary Actinomyces viscous endocarditis with third-generation cephalosporins.
Clin Infect Dis, 26 (1998), pp. 211-212
[33.]
K. Aguirrebengoa, A. Arruza, E. Bereciartua, M. Montejo.
Primary actinomycosis of the urinary bladder.
Scand J Infect Dis, 32 (2000), pp. 330-331
[34.]
J.T. Mader, K.J. Wilson.
Actinomycosis: a review and the utilitation of hyperbaric oxygen.
HBO Rev, 2 (1981), pp. 177-187
Copyright © 2002. Elsevier España, S.L.. Todos los derechos reservados
Download PDF
Article options
es en pt

¿Es usted profesional sanitario apto para prescribir o dispensar medicamentos?

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?

Você é um profissional de saúde habilitado a prescrever ou dispensar medicamentos