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Inicio Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica Brote de gastroenteritis en una guardería causado por una cepa de Salmonella en...
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Vol. 25. Issue 6.
Pages 376-381 (July 2007)
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Vol. 25. Issue 6.
Pages 376-381 (July 2007)
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Brote de gastroenteritis en una guardería causado por una cepa de Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium portadora del plásmido híbrido de resistencia-virulencia pUO-StVR2
Outbreak of gastroenteritis in a nursery school caused by a strain of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium carrying the hybrid virulence-resistance plasmid pUO-StVR2
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Margarita Bancesa, Ana Herrerob, Yolanda Gonzálezc, María Rosario Rodiciob, María Ángeles González-Heviaa,
Corresponding author
mariangh@princast.es

Correspondencia: Dra. M.A. González-Hevia. Laboratorio de Salud Pública. Consejería de Salud y Servicios Sanitarios. Camino de Rubín, s/n. 33011 Oviedo. España.
a Laboratorio de Salud Pública. Consejería de Salud y Servicios Sanitarios. España
b Departamento de Biología Funcional. Área de Microbiología. Facultad de Medicina. Universidad de Oviedo. España
c Dirección General de Salud Pública y Planificación. Consejería de Salud y Servicios Sanitarios. Oviedo. España
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Objetivo

El estudio epidemiológico y microbiológico de un brote de salmonelosis ocurrido en 2004, que afectó a 22 niños de una guardería en Oviedo.

Métodos

Se determinaron las tasas de ataque y curves epidémicas y se aplicaron técnicas de tipificación bacteriana.

Resultados

El brote pudo atribuirse a una cepa de Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium perteneciente a un grupo emergente que alberga un plásmido híbrido de virulencia-resistencia de 125-130 kb, denominado pUO-StVR2. Las tasas de ataque para los casos confirmados frente a los posibles fue 27,2% frente a 23,5% para los niños y 0 frente a 26,5% para el personal del centro. La fuente de infección no pudo ser identificada, aunque según la evolución temporal de los casos se podría considerar que el modo de transmisión fue el contacto cuidadoras-niños, facilitando la diseminación fecal-oral.

Todos menos uno de los 27 aislamientos analizados (de 22 pacientes) presentaban características idénticas: perfil-R, perfil de plásmidos, RAPD-tipo, PFGE-tipo y eran no fagotipificables (la excepción fue un aislamiento con fagotipo DT104b). pUO-StVR2 es un derivado del plásmido de virulencia, pSLT, de la cepa tipo LT2 que ha ganado una región-R compleja (ACSSuT/blaOXA-catA1-strA/B-aadA1-sul1-sul2-tet[B]) en la que los genes blaOXA-aadA1 forman parte de la región variable de un integrón de clase 1.

Conclusión

Este brote constituye un ejemplo de cómo una cepa de S. enterica serovar Typhimurium, perteneciente a un tipo probablemente ya endémico en la peninsula Ibérica, puede transmitirse a la comunidad y afectar a un colectivo susceptible.

Palabras clave:
Salmonelosis
Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium
Brote en guardería
Tipo emergente
Tipo endémico
Objective

Epidemiological and microbiological study of a salmonellosis outbreak, affecting 22 children in a nursery school in Oviedo (Spain).

Methods

Attack rates and epidemic curves were determined, and bacterial typing methods were applied.

Results

The outbreak was attributed to a Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium strain, belonging to an emergent type characterized by the presence of a hybrid virulence-resistance plasmid of 125-130 kb, named pUO-StVR2. The attack rate of confirmed cases vs.

possible cases was 27.2% vs. 23.5% for the children and 0 vs. 26.5% for the staff of the affected center. The source of the infection could not be identified. Nevertheless, according to the evolution of the cases over time, the transmission route was likely to be personal contact between the staff and children, which facilitates fecal-oral dissemination. All but one of the 27 isolates analyzed (from 22 patients) showed identical features: R-profile, plasmid-profile, RAPD-type, PFGE-type; all were non-phage-typeable, with the exception of a DT104b isolate. pUO-StVR2 is probably a derivative of the virulence plasmid pSLT from the LT2 type strain that acquired an R-region complex (ACSSuT/blaOXA-catA1-strA/B-aadA1-sul1-sul2-tet[B]), in which the blaOXA-aadA1 genes are part of the variable region of a class 1 integron.

Conclusion

This outbreak is an example of how a Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium strain belonging to a type that is probably endemic in Spain can be transferred to the community and affect a susceptible population.

Key words:
Salmonellosis
Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium
Nursery outbreak
Emergent type
Endemic type
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