Article information
Resumen
A pesar de los avances en el diagnóstico y tratamiento de la infección por citomegalovirus (CMV), ésta sigue siendo una importante causa de morbilidad en el receptor de trasplante de órgano sólido (TOS). Las 2 principales estrategias para la prevención de la enfermedad por CMV son la profilaxis universal y el tratamiento anticipado. Ambas estrategias, comparadas con placebo, son eficaces en la prevención de la enfermedad por CMV en los receptores de TOS, según varios metaanálisis, y cada una de ellas presenta ventajas e inconvenientes. No obstante hay pocos estudios que hayan comparado ambas aproximaciones a la prevención de la enfermedad por CMV en el receptor de TOS. En este artículo se realiza una revisión de las indicaciones de cada una de estas estrategias y de los principales estudios donde se fundamentan.
Palabras clave:
Citomegalovirus
Trasplante de órgano sólido
Prevención
Profilaxis universal
Tratamiento anticipado
Abstract
Despite the advances made in the diagnosis and treatment of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection, this pathogen continues to cause substantial morbidity in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients. The two main strategies for the prevention of CMV disease are universal prophylaxis and preemptive therapy. Several meta-analyses have found that both strategies are effective in the prevention of CMV disease in SOT recipients compared with placebo, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. Nevertheless, few studies have compared the two approaches to CMV disease in SOT recipients. The present article provides a review of the indications of each of these strategies and the main studies on which they are based.
Keywords:
Cytomegalovirus
Solid organ transplantation
Prevention
Universal prophylaxis
Preemptive treatment
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