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Journal Information
Vol. 26. Issue S16.
Lopinavir potenciado con ritonavir en monoterapia para el tratamiento del virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana
Pages 8-11 (December 2008)
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Vol. 26. Issue S16.
Lopinavir potenciado con ritonavir en monoterapia para el tratamiento del virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana
Pages 8-11 (December 2008)
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Estrategia de inducción-mantenimiento
The «induction-maintenance» strategy
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José R. Arribas López
Corresponding author
jrarribas.hulp@salud.madrid.org

Correspondencia: Consulta de Medicina Interna-II. Unidad VIH. Hospital La Paz. Paseo de la Castellana, 261. 28046 Madrid. España.
Consulta de Medicina Interna-II. Unidad VIH. Hospital La Paz. Madrid. España
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La estrategia de inducción-mantenimiento con lopinavir potenciado con ritonavir (LPV/r) consiste en iniciar tratamiento antirretoviral en un paciente naïve con 2 nucleósidos más LPV/r. Cuando el paciente ha alcanzado una carga viral indetectable por debajo de 50 copias/ml de ácido ribonucleico (ARN) de virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) durante un período definido, se procede a suspender los nucleósidos y el paciente continúa recibiendo tratamiento antirretroviral sólo con LPV/r en monoterapia.

La estrategia de inducción-mantenimiento con LPV/r se ha analizado en el ensayo clínico M03-613. En el M03-613, se aleatorizó a pacientes naïve para tratamiento antirretroviral a recibir zidovudina/lamivudina más LPV/r (n=104) o efavirenz (n=51). Los pacientes aleatorizados a recibir LPV/r que alcanzaron una carga viral por debajo de 50 copias/ml de ARN de VIH durante 3 meses consecutivos procedieron a suspender los nucleósidos. En un análisis por intención de tratar (datos perdidos igual a fracasos), un 60% de los pacientes aleatorizados a recibir a LPV/r y un 63% de los aleatorizados a recibir efavirenz mantuvieron una carga viral menor de 50 copias/ml de ARN de VIH a las 96 semanas de seguimiento (p=0,73; intervalo de confianza del 95% para la diferencia de −19 a 13%). El estudio demostró además que los pacientes aleatorizados a LPV/r experimentaron menos lipoatrofia que los pacientes aleatorizados a recibir efavirenz.

El estudio M03-613 indica que la estrategia de inducciónmantenimiento con LPV/r es segura en la mayoría de los pacientes. Sin embargo las tasas de eficacia virológica son menores que con la estrategia de simplificación. Además, el estudio demuestra los beneficios importantes en la preservación de la grasa periférica que puede tener una estrategia de monoterapia con LPV/r.

Palabras clave:
Lopinavir-ritonavir
Monoterapia
Inducción-mantenimiento

The strategy of induction-maintenance therapy with lopinavir-ritonavir (LPV7r) consists of initiating antiretroviral therapy in a treatment-naïve patient with two nucleosides plus LPV/r. When the patient has achieved an undetectable HIV RNA viral load of < 50 copies/mL for a specified time period, the nucleosides are withdrawn and the patient continues to receive antiretroviral therapy with LPV/r monotherapy.

The induction-maintenance strategy with LPV/r has been analyzed in the M03-613 clinical trial. In this trial, antiretroviral - naïve patients were randomized to receive zidovudine/lamivudine plus LPV/r (n=104) or efavirenz (n=51). In patients randomized to receive LPV/r who achieved an HIV RNA viral load of < 50 copies/mL for 3 consecutive months, nucleoside therapy was suspended. In an intention-to-treat analysis (missing equals failure), 60% of the patients randomized to receive LPV/r and 63% of those randomized to receive efavirenz maintained an HIV RNA viral load of < 50 copies/mL at 96 weeks of follow-up (p=0.73; 95% confidence interval for the difference −19% to 13%). Moreover, this study showed that patients randomized to LPV/r experienced less lipoatrophy than those randomized to efavirenz.

The M03-613 trial suggests that the induction-maintenance strategy with LPV/r is safe in most patients. However, rates of virological efficacy are lower than those achieved with the simplification strategy. Moreover, this trial demonstrates that LPV/r monotherapy may have major benefits in peripheral fat preservation.

Key words:
Lopinavir-ritonavir
Monotherapy
Induction-maintenance
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Copyright © 2008. Elsevier España S.L.. Todos los derechos reservados
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