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Inicio Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica Inactivación de micobacterias con desinfectantes registrados como tuberculicida...
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Vol. 24. Issue 5.
Pages 319-321 (May 2006)
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Vol. 24. Issue 5.
Pages 319-321 (May 2006)
Originales breves
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Inactivación de micobacterias con desinfectantes registrados como tuberculicidas
Inactivation of mycobacteria by disinfectants with a tuberculocidal label
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Teresita Bello, Ismar A. Rivera-Olivero, Jacobus H. de Waard
Corresponding author
jacobusdeward@movistar.net.ve

Correspondencia: Dr. J.H. de Waard. Laboratorio de Tuberculosis. Instituto de Biomedicina. Al lado de Hospital Vargas. Caracas. Venezuela.
Laboratorio de Tuberculosis. Instituto de Biomedicina. San José. Caracas. Venezuela
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Introducción

Se evaluó la actividad micobactericida de desinfectantes disponibles en el mercado venezolano, registrados como tuberculicidas y que son utilizados en la clínica y el laboratorio para la desinfección de materiales críticos y semicríticos.

Materiales y métodos

Se utilizó la Prueba de Suspensión Cuantitativa de la Comunidad Europea prEN 14348 bajo circunstancias limpias y sucias, y se evaluó la actividad de Gerdex® y K-ller® (bromuro de lauril dimetil bencil amonio, en concentraciones de 10 y 0,16%, respectivamente), Microplus-Action® (5% polimetilen diurea), Cidex® (2% glutaraldehído) y Cidex® OPA (0,55% orthophthaldialdehído).

La actividad micobactericida se evaluó con las cepas de referencia Mycobacterium smegmatis ATCC 19420, y con cepas de M. fortuitum, M. chelonae y M. abscessus aisladas de muestras clínicas. La actividad tuberculocida se evaluó con M. tuberculosis H37Rv.

Resultados

Cidex y Cidex OPA fueron efectivos frente a todas las micobacterias evaluadas bajo condiciones limpias y sucias con un > 5-Log10 de reducción de viabilidad después de 5 min de exposición. Gerdex y K-ller lograron solamente un 2-Log10 de reducción con M. tuberculosis, M. abscessus y M. chelonae, aun después de 60 min de exposición. El Microplus-Action mostró un 4-Log10 de reducción de viabilidad con M. tuberculosis, pero menos de 1-Log10 de reducción con M. abscessus y M. chelonae después 60 min de exposición.

Conclusiones

La actividad tuberculicida y micobactericida de varios desinfectantes disponibles en Venezuela, Gerdex®, K-ller® y Microplus-Action®, que indican sus fabricantes resulta inadecuada cuando es evaluada según las normas europeas. El uso de estos compuestos para la desinfección de materiales críticos y semicríticos podría dar como resultado infecciones iatrogénicas.

Palabras clave:
Micobacterias
Desinfectantes
Micobactericida
Tuberculicida
Introduction

Disinfectants available in Venezuela, registered as tuberculocidal, and used in clinical and laboratory settings were tested for their mycobactericidal activity.

Methods

The European Standard Quantitative Suspension test prEN14348 was used in simulated clean and dirty conditions. The disinfectants tested included Gerdex® and K-ller® (both containing the quaternary ammonium compound dimethyl benzyl lauryl ammonium bromide in concentrations of 10% and 0.16% respectively), Microplus-Action® (5% polymethylene urea), Cidex? (2% glutaraldehyde) and Cidex® OPA (0.55% ortho-phthalaldehyde). The mycobactericidal activity was evaluated with M. smegmatis ATCC 19420 and in clinical isolates of M. fortuitum, M. chelonae and M. abscessus. The tuberculocidal activity was assessed with M. tuberculosis H37Rv.

Results

Cidex and Cidex OPA were effective against all the test organisms, showing a > 5-log10 reduction in CFU after 5 minutes of exposure under both clean and dirty conditions. Gerdex and K-ller only achieved a 2-log reduction in M. tuberculosis, M. abscessus and M. chelonae CFU, even after 60 minutes of exposure. Micro Plus Action showed a 4-log reduction in M. tuberculosis viability but less than a 1-log reduction in M. abscessus and M. chelonae CFUs after 60 minutes of incubation.

Conclusion

The tuberculocidal activity claimed by the manufacturers of several disinfectants sold in Venezuela, Gerdex®, K-ller® and Microplus-Action® is inaccurate when tested by European norms. The use of these products for disinfecting material used in critical and semi-critical patients could result in iatrogenic infections.

Key words:
Mycobacteria
Disinfectants
Tuberculocidal
Mycobactericidal
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Copyright © 2006. Elsevier España S.L.. Todos los derechos reservados
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