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Inicio Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica Papel de las bacterias asociadas a infecciones de transmisión sexual en la etio...
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Vol. 21. Issue 2.
Pages 89-92 (February 2003)
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Vol. 21. Issue 2.
Pages 89-92 (February 2003)
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Papel de las bacterias asociadas a infecciones de transmisión sexual en la etiología de la infección de vías urinarias bajas en el primer nivel de atención médica
Role of bacteria associated with sexually transmitted infections in the etiology of lower urinary tract infection in primary care
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Alberto González-Pedraza1
Corresponding author
silviala@servidor.unam.mx

Correspondencia: Dr. A González-Pedraza. Centro de Salud Dr. José Castro Villagrana, S.S.A./U.N.A.M. Carrasco y Coapa, s/n. Col. Toriello Guerra. 14050 Tlalpan. México, D.F.
, Catalina Ortiz, Ricardo Mota, Rocío Dávila, Eloísa Dickinson
Centro de Salud Dr. José Castro Villagrana. Tlalpan. México.
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Introducción

Se reconoce la infección de vías urinarias (IVU) bajas como la segunda causa de patología de tipo infeccioso en clínicas de primer nivel de atención médica. Se estudia la participación de microorganismos asociados a infecciones de transmisión sexual como causa de IVU por lo que, además de realizar la búsqueda de microorganismos comunes, se realizó la búsqueda de Gardnerella vaginalis, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Mycoplasma hominis y Streptococcus agalactiae.

Métodos

Se analizaron 1.507 urocultivos de pacientes con diagnóstico clínico de IVU bajas. Las muestras se inocularon en medios de agar sangre de carnero al 5%, agar McConkey, así como en medio HBT (para G. vaginalis); caldo U9B y agar E (para M. hominis y U. urealyticum). Se analizaron la edad, el sexo, el embarazo y la diabetes como posibles factores de riesgo.

Resultados

Se obtuvieron 436 (28,9%) cultivos positivos. Escherichia coli fue aislado en 44,34% de los casos. Se recuperaron 162 (37%) cultivos positivos con bacterias asociadas a infecciones de transmisión sexual como G. vaginalis (25,7%), U. urealyticum (5,9%), S. agalactiae (3,4%) y M. hominis (2%). La IVU es más común entre los 20-40 años, en mujeres y en diabéticos.

Conclusiones

Debido a la alta frecuencia con que se aíslan estos microorganismos, se sugiere realizar estudios que aclaren su papel etiológico en las IVU.

Palabras clave:
Infección vías urinarias
Ureaplasma urealyticum
Mycoplasma hominis
Gardnerella vaginalis
Infección de transmisión sexual
Introduction

Urinary tract infections (UTI) are the second most frequent type of infectious pathology treated in primary care clinics. The participation of microorganisms associated with sexually transmitted infection has been reported as a cause of UTI; nevertheless this concept is still controversial. To gather data on this subject, we carried out a search for Gardnerella vaginalis, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Mycoplasma hominis and Streptococcus agalactiae besides the common microorganisms involved in UTI.

Methods

A total of 1507 urine cultures from patients with a clinical diagnosis of low UTI were analyzed. Samples were inoculated onto 5% sheep blood agar and McConkey agar, as well as HBT medium for G. vaginalis, and U9B broth and agar E broth for M. hominis and U. urealyticum. The following parameters were analyzed as possible risk factors: age, sex, pregnancy and diabetes status.

Results

There were 436 (28.9%) positive urine cultures. Escherichia coli was isolated in 44.34% of cases. Microorganisms associated with sexually transmitted disease were found in 162 (37%): G. vaginalis (25.7%), U. urealyticum (5.9%), S. agalactiae (3.4%) and M. hominis (2%). UTI were more frequent among the 20 to 40 year-old age group, in women and in diabetic patients.

Conclusions

Microorganisms associated with sexually transmitted disease were found in a large percentage of cultures, indicating the need for studies to clarify their role in the etiology of UTI.

Key words:
Urinary tract infection
Ureaplasma urealyticum
Mycoplasma hominis
Gardnerella vaginalis
Sexually transmitted infection
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Copyright © 2003. Elsevier España, S.L.. Todos los derechos reservados
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