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La infección crónica por el VHC es la principal causa de enfermedad crónica hepática, cirrosis y hepatocarcinoma en países occidentales. La hepatitis crónica por VHC transcurre a menudo de modo silente y sólo es descubierta con frecuencia al realizar estudios serológicos o bioquímicos rutinarios. Con frecuencia el intervalo de tiempo entre la infección y el desarrollo de cirrosis exceed los 30 años y los síntomas durante todo este tiempo están ausentes hasta que la enfermedad está muy evolucionada. El tratamiento antiviral puede impedir la evolución de la nfermedad y el desarrollo de sus complicaciones. Actualmente el tratamiento estándar de esta infección se basa en la combinación de interferón alfa pegilado y ibavirina. En estos últimos años hemos aprendido también a entender mejor este tratamiento en “poblaciones especiales”, como los pacientes infectados por el VIH o los que habían fracasado con otros intentos de tratamiento previo, debido a un mejor conocimiento de la enfermedad y a los ensayos realizados en estas poblaciones. En la actualidad están investigándose muchos fármacos nuevos que pueden tener acción frente al VHC. Es de esperar que en el futuro, todavía lejano, algunos de estos fármacos consigan la erradicación de este virus.
Palabras clave:
VHC
Hepatitis crónica
Tratamiento de la hepatitis C
Hepatitis C virus infection is the principal cause of chronic liver disease, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in the Western World. Chronic hepatitis C is often silent, most of the times discovered only by routine serologic or biochemical testing and the interval between infection and the development of cirrhosis exceed 30 years. Interestingly the complications of chronic hepatitis C virus infection can be prevented by antiviral therapy. At present, the combination of pegylated interferon-alfa and ribavirina has become the standard treatment of chronic hepatitis C. The management of HCV infection in “special populations” (HIV coinfection and HCV therapy-experienced patient) has improved significantly over the past few years, through a better knowledge of the disease and the publication of several clinical trials performed in these patients. At presents, a number of new anti-HCV therapies are in development. Future drugs for HCV infection might make possible to eradicate HCV in future.
Key words:
HCV
Chronic hepatitis
Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis C
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