Influency of food consumption to caries at school age in Ujung Tanah subdistrict

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"documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Enferm Clin. 2020;30 Supl 4:178-81" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "en" => array:10 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "titulo" => "Factors related to quality of life of elderly victims of natural disasters in Palu City" "tienePdf" => "en" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en" "tieneResumen" => "en" "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "178" "paginaFinal" => "181" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => " Fauzan, Rosmala Nur, Masni, Anwar Mallongi, Ni Wayan Sridani, Ratna Devi" "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => array:1 [ "apellidos" => "Fauzan" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Rosmala" "apellidos" => "Nur" ] 2 => array:1 [ "apellidos" => "Masni" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Anwar" "apellidos" => "Mallongi" ] 4 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Ni Wayan" "apellidos" => "Sridani" ] 5 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Ratna" "apellidos" => "Devi" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S113086212030173X?idApp=UINPBA00004N" "url" => "/11308621/00000030000000S4/v1_202006120735/S113086212030173X/v1_202006120735/en/main.assets" ] "en" => array:19 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "titulo" => "Influency of food consumption to caries at school age in Ujung Tanah subdistrict" "tieneTextoCompleto" => true "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "182" "paginaFinal" => "186" ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "autoresLista" => "Lusy Damayanti, Andi Zulkifli, Ridwan Amiruddin, Sukri Palutturi" "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => array:4 [ "nombre" => "Lusy" "apellidos" => "Damayanti" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "lusyAD671@gmail.com" ] "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "*" "identificador" => "cor0005" ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Andi" "apellidos" => "Zulkifli" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Ridwan" "apellidos" => "Amiruddin" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Sukri" "apellidos" => "Palutturi" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "c" "identificador" => "aff0015" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:3 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Public Health Science,Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia" "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Department Epidemology of Public Health Faculty, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia" "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] 2 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Department Administration and Health Policy of Public Health Faculty, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia" "etiqueta" => "c" "identificador" => "aff0015" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor0005" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "Corresponding author." ] ] ] ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 1812 "Ancho" => 2508 "Tamanyo" => 189625 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "Etiology of childhood caries.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0055">1</a>" ] ] ] "textoCompleto" => "IntroductionCaries in childhood has been on the increase in many population include among children especially in disadvantage population in social economic. Caries in childhood is define as the presence of decayed, missing, extraction indicated and filling teeth in primary or mixed dentition.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0055">1</a> In serious condition in clinical appearance as such of rapid developmental of caries, it can be affects the premature loss. When this premature loss it is beginning a new problem for the children quality of life. They can not get the nutrition as well as they need, and finally it will be disruption growth and development of children. The good nutrition should be better in chidren they have to make their life in good quality. On this ages of children that they are spend their much time at school, they will consumption of food dental caries risk factor of food and snack of school. They did not know that the food is good for their teeth or not. That is why in school ages we find the caries in 6–12 years old.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0060">2,3</a> Dental caries is one of the common dental diseases in children, although it is a preventable disease. The etiological factor of dental caries include susceptible tooth, time, cariogenic diet and plaque.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0070">4</a> In development countries, caries in children ranges from 32% to 80% in Poland, Canada and United States.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0055">1,4</a> Dietary practices also one of play a significant development of childhood caries especially is it contains high level of fermentable carbohydrates, the child is at higher risk for dental caries. Feeding of high sugar containing food at night may increase the caries. Besides the other etiological of caries, cariogenic microorganism, diet and environmental factors (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig. 1</a>).<elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia>In <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig. 1</a> describe that cariogenic microorganism there are Streptococcus Mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus most common microorganism associated with Childhood caries. Lactobacili also participate in the development of caries. Saliva has a protective role against dental caries development by providing the main defense system.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0055">1</a> Dental caries has a multifactorial etiology in which there is interplay of four principal factors: the host (saliva and teeth), microorganism (plaque), environment factors (substrate and diet) and time. The risk of dental caries can be evaluated by analyzing and integrating several causative factors such as fluoride, microorganism plaque, diet and salivary activity, and social and life style related bahavioural factors.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0055">1,5</a> Most studies on early childhood caries reported the percentage of lesions that remain at a certain grade over a period of time, but did not attempt to estimate the time needed for carious lesion to progress from the enamel into outer and innerzones of the dentin. A study conducted on children from low socio economic status in Florida, USA found a relatively high prevalence of cavity.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0080">6</a>The coastal children are consist of children who living in coastal area in Ujung Tanah sub district, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia which high population in District of Ujung Tanah, Makassar with the characterize of parents in similar as a fisherman. Their consumption pattern almost the same in sugar dietary snack at the school and no care oral health. The Center public health (puskesmas) is only the one in their location near the coastal.MethodsStudy designCross sectional study were examined in Ujung Tanah subdistrict with multistage random sampling technique. SDN Cambayya was chosen because that is the nearer one school in coastal area in all school of Ujung Tanah District.Population and study settingThis research were examined over the period 18th April to 5th May 2019 in Ujung Tanah sub district, Makassar South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The children consists of 6–12 years old at SDN Cambayya. The subjects in this study were recruited from the inclusion criteria. The inclusion criteria were: Age, starting 6–12 years old and with caries, mixed dentition and no orthodontic treatment and health in comprehensive. The exclusion criteria were: No health in that situation, Special needs of children and orthodontic treatment.VariablesThe data to be measured from the samples are data from measuring the dental status. The variables are, dietary habits, and dental status for children were measured and recorded. Dieatry habits are consumption habits from children a day, what kind and duration of food consumption that risk caries factor were recorded. Dental status each sample were measured from decay(d), extraction indicated(e), filling(f) teeth score (def-t score).Data collectionThe result of def-t score were taken from the dental status each samples using diagnostic set to identify the caries. This cross sectional study were examined with multistage random sampling technique. The number of 54 children with ranges age of 6–12 years old, mixed dentition and their parent written the questionnaire form and informed consent to participate in this research. Children were classified according to their age into 7 groups, 6–12 years old. Moreover, they were categorized into their food consumption risk factor, sweet food, sour food and candy/chocolate. Intra oral examination was done using a mouth mirror and a dental probe which conform to WHO standards. Decay, extraction indicated, filling, was assessed using def index, which was introduced by Klein, Palmer and Knutson in 1938 and modified by WHO as a standard to assess the def-t. A tooth was considered decayed if there was a cavity was present; if a carious lesion and restoration were present. Each component was identified separately and added together to get the def-t as follows: decayed/untreated caries (d); extracted indicated/radix (e); filled/dental restorations for caries treatment (f); and teeth/index per tooth (t).Statistical analysisTo analyse the result, the data were to know the correlation between food consumption pattern of children and the def-t by the Spearman rho Test. Spearman's correlation coefficient was calculated. Result were considered significant at p value of ≤0.05.ResultsThe number of 54 children with ranges age of 6–12 years old, mixed dentition were measured by def-t index in SDN Cambayya, Ujung Tanah subdistrict, the coastal area in Makassar.Population of childrenChildren 6–12 years old had dental caries with mean def-t 6 year old 5.6±3.2, 7 year old 11±5.9, 8 year old 5.8±4.0, 9 year old 3.8±1.7, 10 year old 4.4±2.3, 11 year old 2.5±0.7 dan 12 year old 3.0±2.7. Each categories within each parameter were statistically significant in correlation to each variable for the caries risk factor of food consumption pattern. That the reason of caries dental in children.Deft and food risk factor consumption patternThe highest mean deft was children with age 7 years old (11±5.9), 8 years old (5.8±4.0), they always consumption the caries risk factor and can not receive the instruction of dental care. Children with low, age 11 years old (2.5±0.7) they beginning to receive the instruction of dental care and the healthy food for their teeth (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>).<elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia>The consumption of caries risk factor was negative correlated with deft (Spearman's rho), p value<0.005.The highest mean deft was for children who consume sweet food once a day (6.33±4.27), Sour food more than once a day (6.17±4.45) and candy/chocolate more than once a day (5.46±3.58). The lowest mean deft caries risk factor food consumption pattern who consume sweet food (3–6 times a day (1.50±0.70), sour food who never consume (2.80±1.64) and children consume candy/chocolate 3–6 times a day (2.50±2.0).All investigated dietary elements were statistically significant (p value<0.05) and there was correlation between deft and any of them except sweet food that had correlation with deft (rho=−2.660, p value=0.046), sour food (rho=−0.266, p value=0.045) and candy/chocolate (rho=−0.268, p value=0.044).DiscussionThis study investigated the prevalence of dental caries with consumption pattern of caries risk factor in school age 6–12 years old because as individual children grow, their dietary habits is always in their school and constantly change. The prevalence of caries in coastal children at Cambaya elementary school is highest in mixed dentition (deft) this is similar to what has been reported in Egypt, Cairo and Enugu, Nigeria.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0060">2,4</a> This school ages are spend much time at school and out of parents concern. They consume no health food for their teeth and no care about the oral health. Besides that, the center public health is the one for their area.In the current study, there was a significant negative correlation between deft and consumption sweet food, sour food and candy/chocolate, which is agreement in previous study in Egypt, Cairo. But another case when deft and nutrition and oral health there were association. This is agreement with previous study in India that the chronic malnutrition in growing children enhances the cariogenic potential from fermentable carbohydrates. In another study, a negative relationship between nutritional status and dental caries was seen.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0060">2,6–8</a> But in the present study in West Bengal India, the average decayed, extracted indicated, filling teeth (deft) in mixed dentition and permanent dentition was no significant difference (p>0.05).<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0095">9</a> This is similarly that WHO issued Sugar in diets, because the tooth decay is also the canary in the coal mine for other condition.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0100">10</a>ConclusionFinally it could be concluded that in mixed dentition period, the caries incidence in Cambayya elementary school, Ujung Tanah sub district, Makassar, was negative correlated with sweet food, sour food and candy/chocolate, this can be seen in age of children, with 7–8 years old is highest because they can not receive the instruction about dental health. There is no health without oral health. Thus, public health programs and dentists should emphasize and counsel parents about the role of proper diet and nutrient supply to a child during the development period, in mixed dentition period as it influences not only general health but also the oral health of the individual.Conflict of interestThe authors declare no conflict of interest." "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [ "secciones" => array:10 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "xres1347497" "titulo" => "Abstract" "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0005" "titulo" => "Objective" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0010" "titulo" => "Methods" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0015" "titulo" => "Results" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0020" "titulo" => "Conclusion" ] ] ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xpalclavsec1239992" "titulo" => "Keywords" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0005" "titulo" => "Introduction" ] 3 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "sec0010" "titulo" => "Methods" "secciones" => array:5 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0015" "titulo" => "Study design" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0020" "titulo" => "Population and study setting" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0025" "titulo" => "Variables" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0030" "titulo" => "Data collection" ] 4 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0035" "titulo" => "Statistical analysis" ] ] ] 4 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "sec0040" "titulo" => "Results" "secciones" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0045" "titulo" => "Population of children" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0050" "titulo" => "Deft and food risk factor consumption pattern" ] ] ] 5 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0055" "titulo" => "Discussion" ] 6 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0060" "titulo" => "Conclusion" ] 7 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0065" "titulo" => "Conflict of interest" ] 8 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xack466652" "titulo" => "Acknowledgement" ] 9 => array:1 [ "titulo" => "References" ] ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "2019-10-02" "fechaAceptado" => "2019-10-17" "PalabrasClave" => array:1 [ "en" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Keywords" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec1239992" "palabras" => array:3 [ 0 => "Dental caries" 1 => "Def-t" 2 => "Mixed dentition" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:1 [ "en" => array:3 [ "titulo" => "Abstract" "resumen" => "ObjectiveMastication is conductor for children to get the nutrition. Poor dietary habits will impact to be caries and premature loss as beginning of disfunction mastication as a point for the nutrition. The aim of this research are to know the influent of food consumption to caries at coastal children in Ujung Tanah subdistrict, Makasaar. MethodsThis cross sectional study were examined over the period 18th April to 5th May 2019 in Ujung Tanah subdistrict with multistage random sampling technique. The children consists of 6–12 years old. Dietary habits, and dental status for children were measured and recorded. Dental status was measure with DEF-T score for mixed dentition 6–12 years old. ResultsChildren had dental caries with mean def-t 6 year old 5.6±3.2, 7 year old 11±5.9, 8 year old 5.8±4.0, 9 year old 3.8±1.7, 10 year old 4.4±2.3, 11 year old 2.5±0.7 dan 12 year old 3.0±2.7 The def-t was correlated with dietary habits and dental health status. Deft-t was correlated with caries risk factor consumption of sweet food, sour food and candies/chocolate. ConclusionThis present study showed and clarifies the significant risk factor consumption statistically significant to caries at coastal children in Ujung Tanah subdistrict, Makassar." "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0005" "titulo" => "Objective" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0010" "titulo" => "Methods" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0015" "titulo" => "Results" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0020" "titulo" => "Conclusion" ] ] ] ] "NotaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "☆" "nota" => "Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the 1st International Conference on Nutrition and Public Health (ICNPH 2019). Full-text and the content of it is under responsibility of authors of the article." ] ] "multimedia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 1812 "Ancho" => 2508 "Tamanyo" => 189625 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "Etiology of childhood caries.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0055">1</a>" ] ] 1 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "tbl0005" "etiqueta" => "Table 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at1" "detalle" => "Table " "rol" => "short" ] ] "tabla" => array:2 [ "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col">Parametric \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col">Categories \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col">Mean±SD \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="2" align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Correlation</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">p-Value \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Coefficient \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " rowspan="7" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " rowspan="7" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Age</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">6 years \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">5.6667±3.21455 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " rowspan="7" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.005<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005">*</a></td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " rowspan="7" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">−0.365</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">7 years \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">11.0000±5.95819 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">8 years \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">5.8667±4.08598 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">9 years \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">3.8333±1.72354 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">10 years \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">4.4000±2.31900 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">11 years \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">2.5±0.70711 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">12 years \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">3.0±2.70801 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="6" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " rowspan="6" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">2</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " rowspan="6" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Sweet food</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">More than once a day \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">5.4286±3.58334 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " rowspan="6" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.046<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005">*</a></td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " rowspan="6" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">−2.660</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Once a day \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">6.3333±4.27112 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">3–6 times a day \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1.5000±0.70711 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1–2 times a week \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">2.2500±1.25831 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Less than 3 times a month \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">3.6667±3.21455 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Never \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1±0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="6" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " rowspan="6" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">3</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " rowspan="6" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Sour food</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">More than once a day \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">6.1739±4.45842 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " rowspan="6" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.045<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005">*</a></td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " rowspan="6" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">−0.266</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Once a day \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">5.2000±3.56971 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">3–6 times a day \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">4.3333±2.17945 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1–2 times a week \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">3.3333±1.52753 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Less than 3 times a month \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">3.5000±4.94975 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Never \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">2.8000±1.64317 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="6" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " rowspan="6" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">4</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " rowspan="6" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Candy/chocolate</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">More than once a day \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">5.4615±3.58980 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " rowspan="6" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.044<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005">*</a></td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " rowspan="6" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">−0.268</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Once a day \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">5.0769±4.23205 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">3–6 times a day \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">2.5000±2.08167 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1–2 times a week \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">– \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Less than 3 times a month \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">– \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Never \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1±0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab2312076.png" ] ] ] "notaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "tblfn0005" "etiqueta" => "*" "nota" => "Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level." ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "Statistical analysis of food consumption pattern and deft with Spearman's correlation." ] ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0015" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:10 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0055" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Early childhood caries: prevalence, risk factors, and prevention" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "S. 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Lusy Damayantia,

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lusyAD671@gmail.com

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, Andi Zulkiflib, Ridwan Amiruddinb, Sukri Palutturic

a Public Health Science,Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia

b Department Epidemology of Public Health Faculty, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia

c Department Administration and Health Policy of Public Health Faculty, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia

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          "en" => "<p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Etiology of childhood caries&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a></p>"
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    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Introduction</span><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Caries in childhood has been on the increase in many population include among children especially in disadvantage population in social economic&#46; Caries in childhood is define as the presence of decayed&#44; missing&#44; extraction indicated and filling teeth in primary or mixed dentition&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> In serious condition in clinical appearance as such of rapid developmental of caries&#44; it can be affects the premature loss&#46; When this premature loss it is beginning a new problem for the children quality of life&#46; They can not get the nutrition as well as they need&#44; and finally it will be disruption growth and development of children&#46; The good nutrition should be better in chidren they have to make their life in good quality&#46; On this ages of children that they are spend their much time at school&#44; they will consumption of food dental caries risk factor of food and snack of school&#46; They did not know that the food is good for their teeth or not&#46; That is why in school ages we find the caries in 6&#8211;12 years old&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0060"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2&#44;3</span></a> Dental caries is one of the common dental diseases in children&#44; although it is a preventable disease&#46; The etiological factor of dental caries include susceptible tooth&#44; time&#44; cariogenic diet and plaque&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0070"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> In development countries&#44; caries in children ranges from 32&#37; to 80&#37; in Poland&#44; Canada and United States&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#44;4</span></a> Dietary practices also one of play a significant development of childhood caries especially is it contains high level of fermentable carbohydrates&#44; the child is at higher risk for dental caries&#46; Feeding of high sugar containing food at night may increase the caries&#46; Besides the other etiological of caries&#44; cariogenic microorganism&#44; diet and environmental factors &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig&#46; 1</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig&#46; 1</a> describe that cariogenic microorganism there are <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Streptococcus Mutans</span> and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Streptococcus sobrinus</span> most common microorganism associated with Childhood caries&#46; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Lactobacili</span> also participate in the development of caries&#46; Saliva has a protective role against dental caries development by providing the main defense system&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> Dental caries has a multifactorial etiology in which there is interplay of four principal factors&#58; the host &#40;saliva and teeth&#41;&#44; microorganism &#40;plaque&#41;&#44; environment factors &#40;substrate and diet&#41; and time&#46; The risk of dental caries can be evaluated by analyzing and integrating several causative factors such as fluoride&#44; microorganism plaque&#44; diet and salivary activity&#44; and social and life style related bahavioural factors&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#44;5</span></a> Most studies on early childhood caries reported the percentage of lesions that remain at a certain grade over a period of time&#44; but did not attempt to estimate the time needed for carious lesion to progress from the enamel into outer and innerzones of the dentin&#46; A study conducted on children from low socio economic status in Florida&#44; USA found a relatively high prevalence of cavity&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0080"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a></p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The coastal children are consist of children who living in coastal area in Ujung Tanah sub district&#44; Makassar&#44; South Sulawesi&#44; Indonesia which high population in District of Ujung Tanah&#44; Makassar with the characterize of parents in similar as a fisherman&#46; Their consumption pattern almost the same in sugar dietary snack at the school and no care oral health&#46; The Center public health &#40;puskesmas&#41; is only the one in their location near the coastal&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">Methods</span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0045">Study design</span><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Cross sectional study were examined in Ujung Tanah subdistrict with multistage random sampling technique&#46; SDN Cambayya was chosen because that is the nearer one school in coastal area in all school of Ujung Tanah District&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0050">Population and study setting</span><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This research were examined over the period 18th April to 5th May 2019 in Ujung Tanah sub district&#44; Makassar South Sulawesi&#44; Indonesia&#46; The children consists of 6&#8211;12 years old at SDN Cambayya&#46; The subjects in this study were recruited from the inclusion criteria&#46; The inclusion criteria were&#58; Age&#44; starting 6&#8211;12 years old and with caries&#44; mixed dentition and no orthodontic treatment and health in comprehensive&#46; The exclusion criteria were&#58; No health in that situation&#44; Special needs of children and orthodontic treatment&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0055">Variables</span><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The data to be measured from the samples are data from measuring the dental status&#46; The variables are&#44; dietary habits&#44; and dental status for children were measured and recorded&#46; Dieatry habits are consumption habits from children a day&#44; what kind and duration of food consumption that risk caries factor were recorded&#46; Dental status each sample were measured from decay&#40;d&#41;&#44; extraction indicated&#40;e&#41;&#44; filling&#40;f&#41; teeth score &#40;def-t score&#41;&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0060">Data collection</span><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The result of def-t score were taken from the dental status each samples using diagnostic set to identify the caries&#46; This cross sectional study were examined with multistage random sampling technique&#46; The number of 54 children with ranges age of 6&#8211;12 years old&#44; mixed dentition and their parent written the questionnaire form and informed consent to participate in this research&#46; Children were classified according to their age into 7 groups&#44; 6&#8211;12 years old&#46; Moreover&#44; they were categorized into their food consumption risk factor&#44; sweet food&#44; sour food and candy&#47;chocolate&#46; Intra oral examination was done using a mouth mirror and a dental probe which conform to WHO standards&#46; Decay&#44; extraction indicated&#44; filling&#44; was assessed using def index&#44; which was introduced by Klein&#44; Palmer and Knutson in 1938 and modified by WHO as a standard to assess the def-t&#46; A tooth was considered decayed if there was a cavity was present&#59; if a carious lesion and restoration were present&#46; Each component was identified separately and added together to get the def-t as follows&#58; decayed&#47;untreated caries &#40;d&#41;&#59; extracted indicated&#47;radix &#40;e&#41;&#59; filled&#47;dental restorations for caries treatment &#40;f&#41;&#59; and teeth&#47;index per tooth &#40;t&#41;&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0065">Statistical analysis</span><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">To analyse the result&#44; the data were to know the correlation between food consumption pattern of children and the def-t by the Spearman rho Test&#46; Spearman&#39;s correlation coefficient was calculated&#46; Result were considered significant at <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span> value of &#8804;0&#46;05&#46;</p></span></span><span id="sec0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0070">Results</span><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The number of 54 children with ranges age of 6&#8211;12 years old&#44; mixed dentition were measured by def-t index in SDN Cambayya&#44; Ujung Tanah subdistrict&#44; the coastal area in Makassar&#46;</p><span id="sec0045" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0075">Population of children</span><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Children 6&#8211;12 years old had dental caries with mean def-t 6 year old 5&#46;6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3&#46;2&#44; 7 year old 11<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>5&#46;9&#44; 8 year old 5&#46;8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>4&#46;0&#44; 9 year old 3&#46;8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1&#46;7&#44; 10 year old 4&#46;4<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2&#46;3&#44; 11 year old 2&#46;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;7 dan 12 year old 3&#46;0<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2&#46;7&#46; Each categories within each parameter were statistically significant in correlation to each variable for the caries risk factor of food consumption pattern&#46; That the reason of caries dental in children&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0050" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0080">Deft and food risk factor consumption pattern</span><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The highest mean deft was children with age 7 years old &#40;11<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>5&#46;9&#41;&#44; 8 years old &#40;5&#46;8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>4&#46;0&#41;&#44; they always consumption the caries risk factor and can not receive the instruction of dental care&#46; Children with low&#44; age 11 years old &#40;2&#46;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;7&#41; they beginning to receive the instruction of dental care and the healthy food for their teeth &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The consumption of caries risk factor was negative correlated with deft &#40;Spearman&#39;s rho&#41;&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span> value<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;005&#46;</p><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The highest mean deft was for children who consume sweet food once a day &#40;6&#46;33<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>4&#46;27&#41;&#44; Sour food more than once a day &#40;6&#46;17<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>4&#46;45&#41; and candy&#47;chocolate more than once a day &#40;5&#46;46<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3&#46;58&#41;&#46; The lowest mean deft caries risk factor food consumption pattern who consume sweet food &#40;3&#8211;6 times a day &#40;1&#46;50<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;70&#41;&#44; sour food who never consume &#40;2&#46;80<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1&#46;64&#41; and children consume candy&#47;chocolate 3&#8211;6 times a day &#40;2&#46;50<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2&#46;0&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">All investigated dietary elements were statistically significant &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span> value<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;05&#41; and there was correlation between deft and any of them except sweet food that had correlation with deft &#40;rho<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#8722;2&#46;660&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span> value<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;046&#41;&#44; sour food &#40;rho<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#8722;0&#46;266&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span> value<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;045&#41; and candy&#47;chocolate &#40;rho<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#8722;0&#46;268&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span> value<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;044&#41;&#46;</p></span></span><span id="sec0055" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0085">Discussion</span><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This study investigated the prevalence of dental caries with consumption pattern of caries risk factor in school age 6&#8211;12 years old because as individual children grow&#44; their dietary habits is always in their school and constantly change&#46; The prevalence of caries in coastal children at Cambaya elementary school is highest in mixed dentition &#40;deft&#41; this is similar to what has been reported in Egypt&#44; Cairo and Enugu&#44; Nigeria&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0060"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2&#44;4</span></a> This school ages are spend much time at school and out of parents concern&#46; They consume no health food for their teeth and no care about the oral health&#46; Besides that&#44; the center public health is the one for their area&#46;</p><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In the current study&#44; there was a significant negative correlation between deft and consumption sweet food&#44; sour food and candy&#47;chocolate&#44; which is agreement in previous study in Egypt&#44; Cairo&#46; But another case when deft and nutrition and oral health there were association&#46; This is agreement with previous study in India that the chronic malnutrition in growing children enhances the cariogenic potential from fermentable carbohydrates&#46; In another study&#44; a negative relationship between nutritional status and dental caries was seen&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0060"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2&#44;6&#8211;8</span></a> But in the present study in West Bengal India&#44; the average decayed&#44; extracted indicated&#44; filling teeth &#40;deft&#41; in mixed dentition and permanent dentition was no significant difference &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;05&#41;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0095"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9</span></a> This is similarly that WHO issued Sugar in diets&#44; because the tooth decay is also the canary in the coal mine for other condition&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0100"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a></p></span><span id="sec0060" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0090">Conclusion</span><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Finally it could be concluded that in mixed dentition period&#44; the caries incidence in Cambayya elementary school&#44; Ujung Tanah sub district&#44; Makassar&#44; was negative correlated with sweet food&#44; sour food and candy&#47;chocolate&#44; this can be seen in age of children&#44; with 7&#8211;8 years old is highest because they can not receive the instruction about dental health&#46; There is no health without oral health&#46; Thus&#44; public health programs and dentists should emphasize and counsel parents about the role of proper diet and nutrient supply to a child during the development period&#44; in mixed dentition period as it influences not only general health but also the oral health of the individual&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0065" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0095">Conflict of interest</span><p id="par0100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors declare no conflict of interest&#46;</p></span></span>"
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        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Objective</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Mastication is conductor for children to get the nutrition&#46; Poor dietary habits will impact to be caries and premature loss as beginning of disfunction mastication as a point for the nutrition&#46; The aim of this research are to know the influent of food consumption to caries at coastal children in Ujung Tanah subdistrict&#44; Makasaar&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Methods</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">This cross sectional study were examined over the period 18th April to 5th May 2019 in Ujung Tanah subdistrict with multistage random sampling technique&#46; The children consists of 6&#8211;12 years old&#46; Dietary habits&#44; and dental status for children were measured and recorded&#46; Dental status was measure with DEF-T score for mixed dentition 6&#8211;12 years old&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0020">Results</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Children had dental caries with mean def-t 6 year old 5&#46;6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3&#46;2&#44; 7 year old 11<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>5&#46;9&#44; 8 year old 5&#46;8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>4&#46;0&#44; 9 year old 3&#46;8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1&#46;7&#44; 10 year old 4&#46;4<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2&#46;3&#44; 11 year old 2&#46;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;7 dan 12 year old 3&#46;0<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2&#46;7 The def-t was correlated with dietary habits and dental health status&#46; Deft-t was correlated with caries risk factor consumption of sweet food&#44; sour food and candies&#47;chocolate&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Conclusion</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">This present study showed and clarifies the significant risk factor consumption statistically significant to caries at coastal children in Ujung Tanah subdistrict&#44; Makassar&#46;</p></span>"
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        "etiqueta" => "Table 1"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "detalles" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "at1"
            "detalle" => "Table "
            "rol" => "short"
          ]
        ]
        "tabla" => array:2 [
          "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "tabla" => array:1 [
                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td-with-role" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col">No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col">Parametric&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col">Categories&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col">Mean<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>SD&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="2" align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Correlation</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>-Value&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Coefficient&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " rowspan="7" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " rowspan="7" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Age</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">6 years&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">5&#46;6667<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3&#46;21455&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " rowspan="7" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;005<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005">&#42;</a></td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " rowspan="7" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#8722;0&#46;365</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">7 years&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">11&#46;0000<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>5&#46;95819&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">8 years&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">5&#46;8667<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>4&#46;08598&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">9 years&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3&#46;8333<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1&#46;72354&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">10 years&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">4&#46;4000<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2&#46;31900&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">11 years&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2&#46;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;70711&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">12 years&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3&#46;0<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2&#46;70801&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="6" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " rowspan="6" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " rowspan="6" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sweet food</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">More than once a day&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">5&#46;4286<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3&#46;58334&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " rowspan="6" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;046<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005">&#42;</a></td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " rowspan="6" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#8722;2&#46;660</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Once a day&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">6&#46;3333<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>4&#46;27112&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3&#8211;6 times a day&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#46;5000<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;70711&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#8211;2 times a week&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2&#46;2500<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1&#46;25831&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Less than 3 times a month&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3&#46;6667<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3&#46;21455&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Never&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="6" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " rowspan="6" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " rowspan="6" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sour food</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">More than once a day&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">6&#46;1739<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>4&#46;45842&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " rowspan="6" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;045<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005">&#42;</a></td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " rowspan="6" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#8722;0&#46;266</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Once a day&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">5&#46;2000<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3&#46;56971&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3&#8211;6 times a day&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">4&#46;3333<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2&#46;17945&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#8211;2 times a week&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3&#46;3333<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1&#46;52753&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Less than 3 times a month&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3&#46;5000<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>4&#46;94975&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Never&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2&#46;8000<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1&#46;64317&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="6" align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">5&#46;0769<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>4&#46;23205&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">1&#8211;2 times a week&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "S&#46; Mandal"
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                            2 => "S&#46; Sarkar"
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                            4 => "S&#46; Kar"
                            5 => "B&#46;A&#46; Bazmi"
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                      "doi" => "10.4103/0970-4388.148976"
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                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "No Health without Oral Healt&#58; how the dental community can leverage the NCD agenda to deliver on the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals"
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                        0 => array:2 [
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                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:2 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "FDI World Dental Federation"
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