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Inicio Enfermería Clínica (English Edition) Efficacy of an educational intervention in the management of an inhalation devic...
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Vol. 32. Issue 4.
Pages 279-283 (July - August 2022)
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Vol. 32. Issue 4.
Pages 279-283 (July - August 2022)
Brief Original Article
Efficacy of an educational intervention in the management of an inhalation device among nursing professionals of an emergency department
Eficacia de una intervención educativa en el manejo de un dispositivo de inhalación entre profesionales de enfermería de un servicio de emergencias
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Guadalupe Graciaa, Vanesa Romina Ruiza, Bernardo Martínezb, María Florencia Grande-Rattib,c,
Corresponding author
, Germán Federico Mayera
a Sección de Rehabilitación y Cuidados Respiratorios del Paciente Crítico, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
b Central de Emergencias de Adultos, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
c Área de Investigación en Medicina Interna, Servicio de Clínica Médica, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Abstract
Objective

To explore the most frequent errors of the inhalation technique (main topic for the pharmacological treatment of exacerbations of asthma and/or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) in the nursing staff of an emergency department, and to evaluate the efficacy of an educational intervention.

Methods

Prospective quasi-experimental study, carried out in a hospital in Argentina during 2019. For the evaluation of the nursing staff, the steps of the Separ-Alat Consensus were used. The educational intervention consisted of oral explanation and visual demonstration of the inhalation technique. Paired data analysis was performed, and absolute and relative frequencies were calculated with their respective 95% confidence intervals.

Results

A consecutive sample of 72 nurses was included, of which 95.83% (95%CI 88.30–99.13) made at least one error in the baseline assessment. The most frequent errors were the lack of indication to the patient to exhale prior to inhalation (83.72%), forgetting to remove the air chamber and repeat the steps before the second dose (81.40%). After immediate evaluation after receiving the educational intervention, 74.42% (95%CI 58.83–86.49) corrected the technique. However, at one month, 53.49% (23/43; 95%CI 37.66–68.86) performed the technique correctly.

Conclusions

The educational intervention could be effective in correcting errors in this practice, although its effects tend to fade over time. Therefore, we consider periodic and systematic education relevant to maintain a correct inhalation technique among professionals.

Keywords:
Education
Education continuing
Health personnel
Pulmonary disease
Chronic obstructive
Asthma
Nebulizers and vaporizers
Resumen
Objetivo

Explorar los errores más frecuentes de la técnica inhalatoria (pilar para el tratamiento farmacológico de las exacerbaciones de asma y/o enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica) en enfermeras de un servicio de emergencias, y evaluar la eficacia de una intervención educativa.

Métodos

Estudio cuasiexperimental prospectivo, realizado en un hospital de Argentina durante 2019. Para la evaluación de enfermeras, se utilizaron los pasos del Consenso Separ-Alat. La intervención educativa consistió en explicación oral y demostración visual de la técnica inhalatoria. Se realizó análisis de datos pareados, y se calcularon las frecuencias absolutas y relativas con sus respectivos intervalos de confianza de 95%.

Resultados

Se incluyó una muestra consecutiva de 72 enfermeros, de los cuales el 95,83% (IC95% 88,30–99,13) cometieron al menos un error en la evaluación basal. Los errores más frecuentes fueron la falta de indicación al paciente de espirar previo a la inhalación (83,72%), el olvido de retirar la aerocámara y repetir los pasos antes de la segunda dosis (81,40%). Tras la evaluación inmediata después de recibir la intervención educativa, el 74,42% (IC95% 58,83–86,49) corrigió la técnica. Sin embargo, al mes el 53,49% (23/43; IC95% 37,66–68,86) realizaba la técnica correctamente.

Conclusiones

La intervención educativa puede ser eficaz para subsanar errores en esta práctica, aunque sus efectos tienden a extinguirse con el tiempo. Por ende, consideramos relevante la educación periódica y sistemática para mantener una técnica de inhalación correcta entre los profesionales.

Palabras clave:
Educación
Educación continua
Personal de la salud
Enfermedades pulmonares
Asma
Nebulizadores y vaporizadores

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