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Vol. 33. Issue 1.
Pages 14-21 (January - February 2023)
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Vol. 33. Issue 1.
Pages 14-21 (January - February 2023)
Original Article
How patients with diabetes experience physical activity promotion during nursing consultations in the Spanish context
Cómo experimentan los pacientes con diabetes la promoción de la actividad física durante las consultas de enfermería en el contexto español
Guillem Jabardo-Camprubía,
Corresponding author
guillem.jabardo@uvic.com

Corresponding author.
, Judit Bort-Roiga, Rafel Donat-Rocab, Montserrat Martín-Horcajoa, Anna Puig-Riberaa, Jim McKennac
a Sports and Physical Activity Research Group, Centre for Health, Social Research, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia, Vic, Barcelona, Spain
b School of Health Science UManresa, Podology, Biomechanic, Physiotherapy and Therapeutic Exercise (GRIBIPOFET) Research Group, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia, Manresa, Barcelona, Spain
c School of Sport, Leeds Becket University, Leeds, England
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Tables (2)
Table 1. Participation characteristics.
Table 2. Themes and sub themes emerged from the focus groups and interviews.
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Abstract
Objective

Although physical activity (PA) is a key behaviour for controlling Type 2 Diabetes, problematic adoption and/or adherence continues to impair disease management. This study aims to understand how patients with T2D live and experience nurses PA promotion during consultations in Spanish context.

Method

The present study is a qualitative research. In 2019–2020, pre-COVID-19, Twenty-two people living with T2D from Barcelona province contributed either to focus groups (n = 5) or to semi-structured interviews (n = 4). All interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analysed using conventional content analysis approach through constant comparative method.

Results

Data analysis revealed two major themes with sixteen subthemes. The two major themes include: “Intra-personal conscious PA adoption processes” and “Structural unconscious PA (non)adherence processes”.

Conclusion

Patients’ experiences reflect two concurrent and interconnected issues. First, most patients readily adopted new PA after encouragement from nurses, who were the main proponents of PA. Indeed, adoption seemed to be most nurses’ PA priority and it was effective for most patients. Second, few nurses discussed adherence, making it an almost universal problem and source of disappointment. For adherence, patients experience that nurses’ attention needs to focus on activating processes and skills that support continued involvement in already-adopted PA.

Keywords:
Exercise
Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Health behaviour
Delivery of health care
Qualitative research
Nurses
Resumen
Objetivo

Aunque la actividad física (AF) es un comportamiento clave para el control de la diabetes tipo 2 (DT2), los problemas de adopción-adherencia a la AF dificultan el manejo de la enfermedad. Este estudio tiene como objetivo entender cómo los pacientes con DT2 experimentan la promoción de la AF durante las consultas de enfermería en un contexto español.

Métodos

El presente estudio es de metodología cualitativa. Entre 2019–2020, en pre-COVID-19, veintidós pacientes con DT2 de la provincia de Barcelona participaron en cinco grupos focales y/o cuatro entrevistas semiestructuradas. Todas las reuniones fueren registradas, transcritas y analizadas usando el enfoque de análisis de contenido convencional a través del método comparativo constante.

Resultados

El análisis de datos reveló dos temas principales con dieciséis subtemas. Los dos temas principales fueron: “Procesos conscientes intrapersonales de adopción de la AF” y “Procesos inconscientes estructurales de (no) adherencia a la AF”.

Conclusión

La experiencia de los pacientes refleja dos problemas concurrentes e interconectados. En primer lugar, la mayoría de los pacientes adoptan rápidamente la AF después del apoyo de los/las enfermeros/as, los cuales fueron los principales promotores de la AF. En efecto, según los pacientes, la adopción de la AF parece ser la prioridad de la mayoría de los/las enfermeros/as. En segundo lugar, los pacientes perciben que pocos enfermeros/as dedican tiempo a la adherencia, lo que la convierte en un problema casi universal y una fuente de decepción para el paciente. Para la adherencia, los pacientes experimentan que la atención de los/las enfermeros/as debe centrarse en la activación de procesos y habilidades que apoyen la participación continua en la AF ya adoptada.

Palabras clave:
Ejercicio
Diabetes tipo 2
Comportamiento en salud
Atención primaria
Investigación cualitativa
Enfermeros y enfermeras

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