Rising to the Challenge of promoting research in primary care and nursing: Research productivity and professional view

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And participation of primary care professionals in the survey on perception." ] ] ] "textoCompleto" => "<elsevierMultimedia ident="tb0005"></elsevierMultimedia>IntroductionThe main mission of healthcare centres, regardless of the level of care, consists in caring for the health of the population and providing them with healthcare. Those centres which seek to improve the quality of service they provide also consider essential aspects to be teaching and research, in addition to a central focus on healthcare and its management. Since 2008, the worldwide financial crisis has marked a turning point in scientific research of health in the West.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0145">1,2</a> In Spain several initiatives and strategies have been followed to promote research,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0155">3,4</a> which is currently going through a critical time due to budget reductions.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0165">5</a>Primary healthcare, the pillar of the health system, is also going through a crisis and has increasingly limited resources, with no consolidation of a research culture. There are many recognised advantages to increasing research in primary care,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0170">6,7</a> including the importance of an essential healthcare level for the population's health outcome. However, it is not easy for teachers to combine their professional duties and research. The pressure of a high workload, the lack of tradition and culture of research and the difficulties in applying the outcome of basic research in the clinic are some of the most common and obvious obstacles.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0180">8,9</a> Although at least in theory, any healthcare professional may research, in practice, there is a greater tradition of this and better facilities in hospitals than in primary care centres. There is also a greater tradition to research among doctors than among nurses. It is therefore essential for the nursing discipline to continue advancing towards greater research.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0190">10–14</a> Increasing research among nurses means, among other multiple aspects, promoting synergies and alliances,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0190">10</a> and also adapting to current times, when care, according to Sánchez Gómez,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0200">12</a> is written down with a “4-coloured pen: vision, knowledge, sensitivity and research”. There is also the added factor of the different perception primary care doctors and nurses have regarding their respective functions and skills.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0215">15</a>In this context the Mútua Terrassa Group, which manages a university hospital of the University of Barcelona, 10 primary care centres and 20 socio-medical and community centres, among other resources, offers privately managed public healthcare. This is a century-old institution which created a foundation in 2001 to increase research. On 13th November 2015 the 1st Mútua Terrassa Primary Care Research Conference took place which was aimed at disseminating and reflecting specifically on primary care research. The strengths, needs and areas for improvement–several of which had already been previously detected–were analysed.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0220">16–18</a> The Mútua Terrassa professionals are characterised by their high motivation in training in research and improving scientific production.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0220">16</a> It is possible that a certain amount of idealisation exists with regards to research since it was observed that the 2 groups with the lowest scientific production–primary care and nursing–were the ones with the greatest motivation.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0220">16</a> The traditional Nursing Awards, currently in their 23rd edition, are notable for their visibility among the varied strategies applied by Mútua Terrassa for increasing research.The aim of this study was to contrast the evolution of scientific production which had taken place in this institution over the last 14 years, and analyse the perception of primary care doctors and nurses on research.MethodA two-stage transversal study: bibliometric analysis of scientific production and an opinion poll.Scientific productionThe scientific activity of health professionals of the Mútua Terrassa group obtained from scientific diaries was analysed. The number of publications was collected as indicators, the impact factor (IF) and the number of publications included in the first quartile. Medline and Web of Science (WoS) data bases were consulted. The IF and quartile were consulted in the Journal Citation Reports (JCR), ISI WoS and Thomson Reuters.In addition to analysing overall scientific production, 2 subgroups were defined: nursing and primary attention. Differentiation was also made between research itself (developed into teams completely formed by Mútua group professionals) and collaborative research (when the main researcher of the study did not belong to the institution).Professional opinionTransversal study based on a questionnaire to find out the opinion on research of primary care nurses and doctors. Two strategies were followed for sample selection, which was intentional. The first consisted in personally distributing the questionnaire to the participants of the Mútua Terrassa primary care research conferences, celebrated on 13th November 2015. Attendance at the conferences was recommended to the resident doctors and nurses by the teaching unit. In order to reach those primary care doctors and nurses who had not attended the research conferences, voluntary participation was personally requested of professionals who attended several meetings organised by the health centres, for the 2 weeks after the conferences were held. Respondents were offered the possibility of filling in the questionnaire in situ or sending it by internal mail. Anonymity and confidentiality were guaranteed. Primary care professionals were considered to be the doctors and nurses who worked in primary care in Mútua Terrassa and also family medicine and community specialists who worked in hospital emergencies departments and who chose to voluntarily participate in the research conferences.After revising the bibliography no questionnaire was located which would adapt completely to the aims of this study, and the authors therefore developed an ad hoc questionnaire for self-completion. The questionnaire contained 5 sections with a total of 40 variables: (1) socio-demographic data, (2) motivation and satisfaction with professional development, (3) research skills, (4) needs and possibilities in research and (5) suggestions. The following were included in the socio-demographic data: gender, age, years of professional practice, academic training, professional category, work centre, speciality and conference attendance. Four facets were asked about with regards to motivation and satisfaction which could or could not be present in the work of the health professional: care, teaching, research and management. In skills the following variables were included: researching in a team, reading up on the subject matters, attending congresses, collaborations, evidence-based medicine, designing projects, planning and executing projects, analysing data, providing new knowledge, level of English, scientific writing, obtaining financing. And in needs and possibilities in research: training in research, improvement in healthcare, importance in professional career, research in free time, inherent to my job, possibilities of researching, peer recognition, recognition by the institution, collaboration in research projects, research during working hours, leadership of projects. Finally, the section of suggestions included an open question. A scale of 1–10 was used (less to more). An initial technical validation was carried out (understanding and belonging), consulting with professionals with knowledge of research and questionnaire methodology, followed by a pilot test with 30 respondents.This study was authorised with approval from the Mútua Terrassa Clinical Research Ethics Committee and from management.Statistical analysisThe reliability of the tool was evaluated using the Cronbach alpha coefficient; content validity with a principal component analysis (PCA) with varimax rotation to measure each factor separately from the others. The meeting of requirements was confirmed prior to this. The distribution of responses to each variable was analysed, the sample suitability measurement of Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin was used and the Barlett sphericity test.The categorical variables were expressed as numbers and percentages and the quantitative with means and standard deviation. A scale from 1 to 10 was used (less to more). For the normality analysis the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used. To compare categorical variables the chi-square test was used and to compare means, the Student's t-test and ANOVA test were used.To contrast statistics, for bilateral significance, a p value under 0.05 was established. The SPSS 17.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) statistical package was used.ResultsThe Mútua Terrassa professionals responsible for scientific production and questionnaire participation are listed in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig. 1</a>. In the hospital 16% of them were doctors (n=74) and in primary care 1% (n=3) were doctors. Among the nurses, one had a doctorate and worked in the hospital and 4 were studying for a doctorate (3 in hospital and one in primary care).<elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia>The development of the Mútua Terrassa scientific production is listed in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Fig. 2</a> and showed an upward trend with occasional fluctuations. In 2014, the contribution of primary care to the institution research represented 2.8% of global IF, with 11 articles and IF=17.52. At this level of care 4.8% of the clinical trials were being performed. The nursing contribution represented 0.6% of the IF, with 4 articles and IF=3.23. Nurses collaborated in 100% of clinical trials, but without ever being the primary researcher. 69% of primary care research was from the centre and 31% was collaborative whilst in nursing 96% was from the centre and 4% collaborative. Hospital nurses collaborated in several scientific articles, including some of the first quartile. However, there were no publications in journals of the first quartile in primary care (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Fig. 2</a>).<elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia>124 people registered for the research conferences in primary care. In the questionnaire the overall rate of response was 51% (56% from those registered in the research conferences and 45% from those who did not attend but from whom collaboration was requested). The socio-demographic traits of the professionals are shown in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>. No differences were observed according to age or gender from among the professionals who attended the research conferences and those who did not, although there were differences in the professional category, as more doctors attended. All participants were primary care professionals: 90% worked in primary care and 10% in the hospital (mainly in the emergency departments). With regard to quality of information, over 95% of the interviewees responded to all the questions.<elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia>In the survey it was confirmed that the requisites for carrying out a PCA were met, with a Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin index of 0.812 and a statistically significant Barlett sphericity index of (p<0.001). The best solution was found in the PCA, both theoretically and through Kaiser statistical criteria and from the sedimentation diagram, a factorial solution of 3 primary components with varimax rotation was found, which explained 56% of the total variance. The skills formed a component which explained 33% of the variance (α of Cronbach=0.954; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">Table 2</a>); the second component formed the satisfaction with professional development together with the opportunity to research, which explained 13% variance (α of Cronbach=0.875; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0015">Table 3</a>); and finally motivation and research needs explained the 10%variance (α of Cronbach=0.801; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0020">Table 4</a>). The global Cronbach coefficient α was 0.922.<elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0010"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0015"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0020"></elsevierMultimedia>The self-perception data on skills in research is listed in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">Table 2</a>. The ability to research in a team was, at 6.87 points, the best scoring skill and the ability to obtain financing to research had the lowest score at 3.44 points. Differences were observed between the perception of nurses and doctors. However, with regard to skills, no statistically significant differences were observed between the attendees and non attendees of the research conferences in scores of any of the 12 skills studied.Self-perception on research needs and opportunities are shown in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0015">Table 3</a>. The interest in receiving training in research received the highest score, a mean of 8.46 points. Several differences were observed between the doctors and nurses scores (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0015">Table 3</a>). Some differences were also observed between professionals according to attendance at research conferences. Those who attended conferences gave a mean score of 1.63 points more, regarding research forming part of their work, with 1.52 more points regarding their possibilities of leading research projects, and 1.21 points more regarding their satisfaction with peer recognition towards research and 1.19 points more regarding their possibilities to research within working hours, compared with those who did not attend conferences.Self-perception on motivation and satisfaction with diverse facets of health professional work is listed in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0020">Table 4</a>. Care and teaching scored the highest, whilst satisfaction with research and management received scores under 5. There were no significant differences in motivation towards research among those who attended the research conferences (7.90 points) and those who did not (7.69 points) (p=0.459), but there were in satisfaction with research itself (attendees=4.75 vs non attendees=3.75 points; p=0.044).26% of respondents offered suggestions to improve research. A literal example of these suggestions if that “healthcare pressure is incompatible with proposing and executing research studies.” Despite having ideas about interesting areas of research study, it is difficult to carry out the work outside the working day and out of personal motivation, having time to put it into practise (difficulty in having time to do teaching, work meetings, coordination with colleagues to reflect on common projects, etc.). And another example is: “I think a lot of people would do major research projects, but a little more dedication is needed in the working day and greater recognition of what research involves. You cannot just depend on the willingness to do this out of work time, because people get burnt out”. In sum, we recommend reducing workload pressure, dedicating specific time to research within the working day, providing access to research training, to technical resources and to financing. They also showed the need to have leaders in research and requested facilities, as a minimum for those professionals with proven motivation towards research.DiscussionThis study was proof of the motivation and dedication of health professionals towards research. Following the creation of a foundation to increase research in 2001, a notable increase was observed, in both the quantity and quality of scientific production, and particularly in hospitals. Health professionals, with motivation and commitment, increased their research studies, even under adverse circumstances, such as those experienced after the economic recession.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0150">2,19</a> Scientific production of nursing and primary care tends to progressively increase in our institution. Despite the undeniable progresses,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0240">20</a> research into primary care nursing could still be considered insufficient if we compare it with its possible opportunities<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0245">21</a> and to the considerable importance of primary care in clinical practice.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0240">20–22</a> For this reason, we would still recommend investing in research training and in consolidating structure which support professionals in research.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0180">8,12,23</a> In Spain research budgets are lower than the European mean and have been considerably reduced due to the economic recession.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0220">16</a> Meanwhile, the importance of enhancing research in nursing is both nationally and internationally recognised, despite its associated difficulties.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0210">14,24,25</a>What stands out is the scientific production of the entity which increased considerably, even despite the fact that the financial crisis has reduced the clinical trials financed by the pharmaceutical industry.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0230">18</a> However, even so, the most consolidated research groups of the hospital increased their ability to obtain financing and notably grew. In our institution, as is habitual, scientific production together with researcher tradition, is higher in hospital than in primary care and also lower in nursing.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0170">6,24</a> The percentage of clinical trials performed in primary care matches those cited in other studies.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0185">9</a>As predicted, the majority of scientific production of nursing was developed in the hospital, and was related to the presence of nurses in consolidated multidisciplinary research groups. Furthermore, there were also projects led from primary care nursing. Although scientific productivity in primary care nursing is relatively low, it has both research led by the professionals in these areas and in projects in collaboration with other disciplines and institutions. Moreover, the doctors contributed the most to scientific production. All primary care healthcare professionals shared perceptions, with regards to their needs and opportunities to research, although the nurses stated they dedicated less free time than the doctors to research and they perceived they had less training than the doctors. Doctors predominated among the conference attendees and there was also a more positive appraisal of research, compared with the perception of those who did not attend the research conferences. The professionals stated they felt greater motivation and expectations towards the diverse facets of their work than satisfaction regarding how they would develop these aspects in reality.It is the intention of this study to keep the debate going about how to enhance research, specifically in nursing<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0210">14,15</a> and in primary care.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0175">7</a> The professionals state they are motivated to research and request greater resources, training and specific time to research within their working day, in keeping with what is already a known fact.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0220">16,17</a> A greater difference was observed between the hospital and primary care, both in the critical mass of researchers and in the volume of consolidated research. Motivation towards research seems to be omnipresent if we are guided by perception of the professionals,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0225">17</a> but in practise only a minority develop projects.Once again nursing and primary care professionals look favourably upon research and request that pressure from work lessens and that time and training resources increase.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0220">16,17</a> Without these changes, they believe they would have fewer opportunities to lead projects and they request at least one part of this activity be developed inside working hours. Extreme workload pressure probably impacted the teaching and researcher facets. The institution wishes to foster<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0180">8,23,26</a> quality reesearch,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0150">2</a> with research not depending exclusively on the motivation, willingness and free time that the professionals are willing to dedicate to it.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0160">4</a>With regard to the perception on research, the strongest point was the ability to research in a team and weakest in obtaining financing. These results coincide with the recommendation to train in research, working in consolidated groups. It is not surprising either that there is a current intense competition for not much financing.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0230">18</a> It would be ideal for an institution like the Mútua Terrassa group, where different levels of healthcare are integrated (hospital, primary care and socio-sanitary care) under private management,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0275">27</a> collaboration and communication between professionals of the different care levels were easy and fluid. The reality is that, although all parties wish to collaborate and be integrated, in practice it is still complex, both in care and in research.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0180">8,28</a>Among the limitations is that the study was conducted in a single institution, which conditions its representativeness. Moreover, the selection of professionals through a sample of convenience, limits the representativeness of the outcome obtains, as a selection bias is involved. It is probable that the professionals who participated were particularly highly motivated and had a higher interest in research. Furthermore, the findings from the questionnaires reflect the perception and opinion of the respondents and not necessary an objective reality. This would partly explain the variations observed among the professionals who attended the research conferences and those who did not. Finally, the questionnaire used was our own, and sought to debate and reflect on the research.To conclude, nursing and primary care professionals maintain their motivation towards research and prefer to be part of and collaborate with research teams, rather than lead projects. Scientific production trends also evolve favourably in these areas. One possible strategy to enhance research would be to continue supporting those professionals who had proved their ability to research, even under adverse circumstance. Contributions from nurses and primary care would invariably benefit the population's health and society as a whole. Acknowledgement of those who feel higher motivation towards research would be a stimulus and who with their personal efforts and free time, could contribute to improving the health of the people. Analysing where we are at and reflecting on the expectations and satisfaction of health professionals could help in making strategic decisions which would contribute to enhancing research. Finally, we would recommend attaching value to the benefits of approaching research from multidisciplinary teams where the contribution from the nursing and primary care professionals would probably be advantageous to all.Ethical approvalThis study was authorised by management and was carried out with approval from the Mútua Terrassa Clinical Research Ethics Committee.Conflict of interestsAll the authors work in the Mútua Terrassa health centre." "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [ "secciones" => array:12 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "xres852127" "titulo" => "Abstract" "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0005" "titulo" => "Objective" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0010" "titulo" => "Method" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0015" "titulo" => "Results" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0020" "titulo" => "Conclusions" ] ] ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xpalclavsec846701" "titulo" => "Keywords" ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "xres852126" "titulo" => "Resumen" "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0025" "titulo" => "Objetivo" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0030" "titulo" => "Método" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0035" "titulo" => "Resultados" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0040" "titulo" => "Conclusiones" ] ] ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xpalclavsec846700" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" ] 4 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0015" "titulo" => "Introduction" ] 5 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "sec0020" "titulo" => "Method" "secciones" => array:3 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0025" "titulo" => "Scientific production" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0030" "titulo" => "Professional opinion" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0035" "titulo" => "Statistical analysis" ] ] ] 6 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0040" "titulo" => "Results" ] 7 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0045" "titulo" => "Discussion" ] 8 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0050" "titulo" => "Ethical approval" ] 9 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0055" "titulo" => "Conflict of interests" ] 10 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xack285795" "titulo" => "Acknowledgements" ] 11 => array:1 [ "titulo" => "References" ] ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "2016-05-23" "fechaAceptado" => "2017-03-09" "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [ "en" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Keywords" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec846701" "palabras" => array:5 [ 0 => "Nursing research" 1 => "Perceptions" 2 => "Surveys and questionnaires" 3 => "Primary health care" 4 => "Bibliometrics" ] ] ] "es" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec846700" "palabras" => array:5 [ 0 => "Investigación en enfermería" 1 => "Percepción" 2 => "Encuestas y cuestionarios" 3 => "Atención Primaria" 4 => "Bibliometría" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:2 [ "en" => array:3 [ "titulo" => "Abstract" "resumen" => "ObjectiveTo analyse the evolution of scientific production in a privately managed public institution, and to explore the perceptions of primary healthcare professionals with regard to research. MethodThe institution includes a university hospital and 10 primary health centres, 673 physicians, and 747 nurses. A bibliometric analysis on scientific production was performed. A questionnaire was designed, with 5 sections (sociodemographic data, competences, needs, motivation and satisfaction s with research) and 40 items (scale of 1–10). Its understanding, pertinence and validity of content were analysed. ResultsIn 2014, the contribution of primary care to research accounted for 2.8% of the total impact factor of publications, and 4.8% of clinical trials. Nurses accounted for 0.6% of the impact factor, having published articles in first quartile journals. A total of 110 (51%) primary care professionals participated in the survey. The average motivation for research was 7.85 points and satisfaction with research 4.37 points. The interest in receiving training in research (8.46 points) was highlighted as well as the lack of leadership in research (2.93 points). Regarding competences, research in teams was highlighted (6.87 points), and obtaining funding was noted as a negative (3.44 points). ConclusionsResearch is experiencing a surge in all institutions, especially in hospitals. The primary care professionals expressed their motivation towards research and their dissatisfaction with the difficulties encountered, especially in obtaining funds." "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0005" "titulo" => "Objective" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0010" "titulo" => "Method" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0015" "titulo" => "Results" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0020" "titulo" => "Conclusions" ] ] ] "es" => array:3 [ "titulo" => "Resumen" "resumen" => "ObjetivoAnalizar la evolución de la producción científica en una institución de asistencia pública concertada con gestión privada, y conocer la percepción de los profesionales de atención primaria sobre la investigación. MétodoLa entidad engloba un hospital universitario y 10 centros de salud, 673 médicos y 747 enfermeras. Se realizó un análisis bibliométrico de la producción científica. Se diseñó un cuestionario, con 5 secciones (datos sociodemográficos, competencias, necesidades, motivación y satisfacción hacia la investigación) y 40 variables (escala, 1-10), para que fuese autocumplimentado por los profesionales de atención primaria. Se analizó su comprensión, pertinencia y validez de contenido. ResultadosEn 2014, la contribución de la atención primaria a la investigación global representó el 2,8% del total de factor de impacto de las publicaciones y el 4,8% de los ensayos clínicos. Las enfermeras contribuyeron con el 0,6% del factor de impacto, con publicaciones en revistas del primer cuartil. Participaron en la encuesta 110 (51%) profesionales de atención primaria. La motivación media hacia la investigación fue de 7,85 puntos y la satisfacción con ella de 4,37 puntos. Destacó el interés por recibir formación en investigación (8,46 puntos) y la falta de liderazgo en esta (2,93 puntos). Como competencia destacó la investigación en equipo (6,87 puntos) y negativamente la obtención de financiación (3,44 puntos). ConclusionesLa investigación aumenta en la institución, especialmente en el hospital. Los profesionales de atención primaria manifestaron motivación hacia la investigación e insatisfacción por sus dificultades y falta de recursos para investigar." "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0025" "titulo" => "Objetivo" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0030" "titulo" => "Método" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0035" "titulo" => "Resultados" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0040" "titulo" => "Conclusiones" ] ] ] ] "NotaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "☆" "nota" => "Please cite this article as: Giménez N, Caro C, Ponsa E, Perez Ortiz ÁM, Navazo I, Gavagnach M. El reto de potenciar la investigación en Atención Primaria y Enfermería: productividad científica y opinión del profesional. Enferm Clin. 2017;27:144–152." ] ] "multimedia" => array:7 [ 0 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 2546 "Ancho" => 2333 "Tamanyo" => 301384 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "Professionals in charge of the scientific production of Mútua Terrassa. And participation of primary care professionals in the survey on perception." ] ] 1 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0010" "etiqueta" => "Figure 2" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr2.jpeg" "Alto" => 1867 "Ancho" => 3420 "Tamanyo" => 464103 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "Evolution of total scientific production of Mútua Terrassa 2001–2014, and also in 2 areas to enhance: nursing and primary care." ] ] 2 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "tbl0005" "etiqueta" => "Table 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at1" "detalle" => "Table " "rol" => "short" ] ] "tabla" => array:2 [ "leyenda" => "SD: standard deviation." "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td-with-role" title="table-head ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">No.=110 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " colspan="2" align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Primary care research workshops</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Attend workshops n=73 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Do not attend No.=37 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Age, years, mean (SD) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">41 (10) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">41 (10) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Gender: male n (%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">15 (21) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">8 (22) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="3" align="left" valign="top"></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="3" align="left" valign="top">Professional category n (%)</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Nurses (n=44) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">18 (25) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">26 (70) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Doctors (n=54) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">43 (59) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">11 (30) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Resident doctors (n=10) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">10 (14) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0 (0) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Resident nurses (n=2) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">2 (2) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0 (0) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="3" align="left" valign="top"></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="3" align="left" valign="top">Workplace n (%)</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Primary care (n=100) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">70 (96) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">30 (81) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Hospital (n=10) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">3 (4) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">7 (19) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="3" align="left" valign="top"></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Years of practice, mean (SD) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">16 (11) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">18 (11) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab1438536.png" ] ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "General and socio-demographic features of primary care professionals of Mútua Terrassa." ] ] 3 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "tbl0010" "etiqueta" => "Table 2" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at2" "detalle" => "Table " "rol" => "short" ] ] "tabla" => array:3 [ "leyenda" => "SD: standard deviation." "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Skills \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Nurses n=44 Mean (DE) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Doctors n=62 Mean (DE) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Total<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005">a</a> n=110 Mean (DE) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">p \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Team research \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">6.36 (2.06) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">7.23 (1.92) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">6.87 (2.02) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.025 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Read up on \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">6.24 (1.86) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">7.30 (1.59) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">6.86 (1.78) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.002 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Congresses \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5.27 (2.25) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">6.69 (2.07) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">6.10 (2.25) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top"><0.001 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Collaborative work \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5.32 (2.36) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">6.39 (2.41) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5.95 (2.44) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.024 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Evidence-based medicine \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5.09 (2.00) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">6.47 (.95) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5.90 (2.08) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top"><0.001 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Project design \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5.16 (2.29) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5.55 (2.57) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5.39 (2.46) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.415 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Plan and execute projects \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4.91 (2.24) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5.70 (2.66) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5.38 (2.52) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.116 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Analyse data \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4.89 (2.21) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5.38 (2.55) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5.18 (2.42) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.305 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Contribute new knowledge \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4.51 (2.50) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5.10 (2.47) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4.85 (2.49) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.231 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">English \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">3.64 (2.55) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5.67 (2.46) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4.83 (2.68) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top"><0.001 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Scientific writing \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4.04 (2.19) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5.28 (2.56) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4.77 (2.48) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.010 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Obtain financing \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">3.20 (2.32) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">3.61 (2.53) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">3.44 (2.44) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.392 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab1438534.png" ] ] ] "notaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "tblfn0005" "etiqueta" => "a" "nota" => "Four people responded to the questionnaire, leaving the professional category blank (doctors or nurses)." ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "Self-perception of research skills. Ordered according to score given." ] ] 4 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "tbl0015" "etiqueta" => "Table 3" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at3" "detalle" => "Table " "rol" => "short" ] ] "tabla" => array:2 [ "leyenda" => "SD: standard deviation." "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Perceptions \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Nurses n=44 Mean (SD) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Doctors n=62 Mean (SD) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Total n=110 Mean (SD) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">p \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Training in research \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">7.93 (2.27) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">8.84 (1.22) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">8.46 (1.78) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.017 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Improves care \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">8.29 (1.81) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">8.36 (1.26) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">8.33 (1.52) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.811 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Importance in professional career \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">7.55 (2.27) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">8.30 (1.64) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">7.99 (1.95) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.063 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Research in free time \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5.36 (3.26) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">6.59 (2.69) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">6.07 (2.99) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.034 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Inherent to my job \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5.00 (2.49) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">6.13 (2.61) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5.66 (2.61) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.026 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Research opportunities \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5.64 (2.36) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5.39 (2.54) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5.50 (2.46) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.598 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Peer recognition \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5.04 (2.53) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5.53 (2.53) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5.33 (2.53) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.325 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Recognition from institution \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4.71 (2.68) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4.41 (2.46) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4.54 (2.55) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.551 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">I co-operate in research projects \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">3.20 (2.61) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4.30 (3.26) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">3.84 (3.04) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.064 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">I research during work time \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">3.24 (2.39) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4.13 (2.48) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">3.6 (2.47) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.067 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">I lead projects \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">2.48 (2.39) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">3.23 (2.84) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">2.93 (2.68) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.150 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab1438535.png" ] ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "Self-perception on needs and possibilities of research." ] ] 5 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "tbl0020" "etiqueta" => "Table 4" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at4" "detalle" => "Table " "rol" => "short" ] ] "tabla" => array:2 [ "leyenda" => "SD: standard deviation." "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td-with-role" title="table-head ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">Total n=110 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " colspan="2" align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Nurses n=44</th><th class="td" title="table-head " colspan="2" align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Doctors n=62</th><th class="td" title="table-head " colspan="2" align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">p</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Motivation Mean (SD) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Satisfaction Mean (SD) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Motivation Mean (SD) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Satisfaction Mean (SD) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Motivation \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Satisfaction \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Healthcare \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">8.76 (1.19) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">6.93 (2.26) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">8.71 (1.68) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">7.07 (1.99) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.876 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.750 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Teaching \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">7.89 (1.92) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">6.18 (2.55) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">8.11 (1.86) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5.46 (2.49) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.549 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.152 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Research \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">7.40 (1.98) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4.27 (2.25) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">8.17 (1.57) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4.44 (2.45) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.025 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.701 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Management \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">6.22 (2.67) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4.73 (2.58) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5.73 (2.63) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">3.75 (2.33) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.346 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.041 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab1438533.png" ] ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "Self-perception of motivation and satisfaction towards diverse facets of professional healthcare work." ] ] 6 => array:5 [ "identificador" => "tb0005" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATEXTO" "mostrarFloat" => false "mostrarDisplay" => true "texto" => array:1 [ "textoCompleto" => "What is known?The benefits of researching in nursing and primary health care are currently considered invaluable, despite the obstacles involved. Research is more consolidated in hospitals than in primary care and also more extended among doctors than among nurses.What is offered?In this study we reflect on how to enhance research in nursing and in primary care, from the perception of health professionals on their motivation, possibilities and skills. The contribution of nursing and primary healthcare to total scientific production of an institution is also quantified." ] ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0005" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:28 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0145" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Turbulent times in southern European science" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "F.N. Barrera" 1 => "J.L. 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Original Article

Rising to the Challenge of promoting research in primary care and nursing: Research productivity and professional view

El reto de potenciar la investigación en Atención Primaria y Enfermería: productividad científica y opinión del profesional

Nuria Giméneza,b,

Corresponding author

nuria.gimenez@uab.cat

Corresponding author.

, Conxi Caroa, Ester Ponsac, Ángel Mauricio Perez Ortizc, Inma Navazoc, Montse Gavagnachc

a Fundación para la Investigación Mútua Terrassa, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain

b Laboratorio de Toxicología, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain

c CAP Valldoreix, Fundación para la Investigación Mútua Terrassa, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain

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          "en" => "<p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Professionals in charge of the scientific production of M&#250;tua Terrassa&#46; And participation of primary care professionals in the survey on perception&#46;</p>"
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    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><elsevierMultimedia ident="tb0005"></elsevierMultimedia></p><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0075">Introduction</span><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The main mission of healthcare centres&#44; regardless of the level of care&#44; consists in caring for the health of the population and providing them with healthcare&#46; Those centres which seek to improve the quality of service they provide also consider essential aspects to be teaching and research&#44; in addition to a central focus on healthcare and its management&#46; Since 2008&#44; the worldwide financial crisis has marked a turning point in scientific research of health in the West&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0145"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#44;2</span></a> In Spain several initiatives and strategies have been followed to promote research&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0155"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3&#44;4</span></a> which is currently going through a critical time due to budget reductions&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0165"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a></p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Primary healthcare&#44; the pillar of the health system&#44; is also going through a crisis and has increasingly limited resources&#44; with no consolidation of a research culture&#46; There are many recognised advantages to increasing research in primary care&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0170"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6&#44;7</span></a> including the importance of an essential healthcare level for the population&#39;s health outcome&#46; However&#44; it is not easy for teachers to combine their professional duties and research&#46; The pressure of a high workload&#44; the lack of tradition and culture of research and the difficulties in applying the outcome of basic research in the clinic are some of the most common and obvious obstacles&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0180"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8&#44;9</span></a> Although at least in theory&#44; any healthcare professional may research&#44; in practice&#44; there is a greater tradition of this and better facilities in hospitals than in primary care centres&#46; There is also a greater tradition to research among doctors than among nurses&#46; It is therefore essential for the nursing discipline to continue advancing towards greater research&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0190"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10&#8211;14</span></a> Increasing research among nurses means&#44; among other multiple aspects&#44; promoting synergies and alliances&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0190"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a> and also adapting to current times&#44; when care&#44; according to S&#225;nchez G&#243;mez&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0200"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12</span></a> is written down with a &#8220;4-coloured pen&#58; vision&#44; knowledge&#44; sensitivity and research&#8221;&#46; There is also the added factor of the different perception primary care doctors and nurses have regarding their respective functions and skills&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0215"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15</span></a></p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In this context the M&#250;tua Terrassa Group&#44; which manages a university hospital of the University of Barcelona&#44; 10 primary care centres and 20 socio-medical and community centres&#44; among other resources&#44; offers privately managed public healthcare&#46; This is a century-old institution which created a foundation in 2001 to increase research&#46; On 13th November 2015 the 1st M&#250;tua Terrassa Primary Care Research Conference took place which was aimed at disseminating and reflecting specifically on primary care research&#46; The strengths&#44; needs and areas for improvement&#8211;several of which had already been previously detected&#8211;were analysed&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0220"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16&#8211;18</span></a> The M&#250;tua Terrassa professionals are characterised by their high motivation in training in research and improving scientific production&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0220"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16</span></a> It is possible that a certain amount of idealisation exists with regards to research since it was observed that the 2 groups with the lowest scientific production&#8211;primary care and nursing&#8211;were the ones with the greatest motivation&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0220"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16</span></a> The traditional Nursing Awards&#44; currently in their 23rd edition&#44; are notable for their visibility among the varied strategies applied by M&#250;tua Terrassa for increasing research&#46;</p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The aim of this study was to contrast the evolution of scientific production which had taken place in this institution over the last 14 years&#44; and analyse the perception of primary care doctors and nurses on research&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0080">Method</span><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A two-stage transversal study&#58; bibliometric analysis of scientific production and an opinion poll&#46;</p><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0085">Scientific production</span><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The scientific activity of health professionals of the M&#250;tua Terrassa group obtained from scientific diaries was analysed&#46; The number of publications was collected as indicators&#44; the impact factor &#40;IF&#41; and the number of publications included in the first quartile&#46; Medline and Web of Science &#40;WoS&#41; data bases were consulted&#46; The IF and quartile were consulted in the Journal Citation Reports &#40;JCR&#41;&#44; ISI WoS and Thomson Reuters&#46;</p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In addition to analysing overall scientific production&#44; 2 subgroups were defined&#58; nursing and primary attention&#46; Differentiation was also made between research itself &#40;developed into teams completely formed by M&#250;tua group professionals&#41; and collaborative research &#40;when the main researcher of the study did not belong to the institution&#41;&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0090">Professional opinion</span><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Transversal study based on a questionnaire to find out the opinion on research of primary care nurses and doctors&#46; Two strategies were followed for sample selection&#44; which was intentional&#46; The first consisted in personally distributing the questionnaire to the participants of the M&#250;tua Terrassa primary care research conferences&#44; celebrated on 13th November 2015&#46; Attendance at the conferences was recommended to the resident doctors and nurses by the teaching unit&#46; In order to reach those primary care doctors and nurses who had not attended the research conferences&#44; voluntary participation was personally requested of professionals who attended several meetings organised by the health centres&#44; for the 2 weeks after the conferences were held&#46; Respondents were offered the possibility of filling in the questionnaire in situ or sending it by internal mail&#46; Anonymity and confidentiality were guaranteed&#46; Primary care professionals were considered to be the doctors and nurses who worked in primary care in M&#250;tua Terrassa and also family medicine and community specialists who worked in hospital emergencies departments and who chose to voluntarily participate in the research conferences&#46;</p><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">After revising the bibliography no questionnaire was located which would adapt completely to the aims of this study&#44; and the authors therefore developed an ad hoc questionnaire for self-completion&#46; The questionnaire contained 5 sections with a total of 40 variables&#58; &#40;1&#41; socio-demographic data&#44; &#40;2&#41; motivation and satisfaction with professional development&#44; &#40;3&#41; research skills&#44; &#40;4&#41; needs and possibilities in research and &#40;5&#41; suggestions&#46; The following were included in the socio-demographic data&#58; gender&#44; age&#44; years of professional practice&#44; academic training&#44; professional category&#44; work centre&#44; speciality and conference attendance&#46; Four facets were asked about with regards to motivation and satisfaction which could or could not be present in the work of the health professional&#58; care&#44; teaching&#44; research and management&#46; In skills the following variables were included&#58; researching in a team&#44; reading up on the subject matters&#44; attending congresses&#44; collaborations&#44; evidence-based medicine&#44; designing projects&#44; planning and executing projects&#44; analysing data&#44; providing new knowledge&#44; level of English&#44; scientific writing&#44; obtaining financing&#46; And in needs and possibilities in research&#58; training in research&#44; improvement in healthcare&#44; importance in professional career&#44; research in free time&#44; inherent to my job&#44; possibilities of researching&#44; peer recognition&#44; recognition by the institution&#44; collaboration in research projects&#44; research during working hours&#44; leadership of projects&#46; Finally&#44; the section of suggestions included an open question&#46; A scale of 1&#8211;10 was used &#40;less to more&#41;&#46; An initial technical validation was carried out &#40;understanding and belonging&#41;&#44; consulting with professionals with knowledge of research and questionnaire methodology&#44; followed by a pilot test with 30 respondents&#46;</p><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This study was authorised with approval from the M&#250;tua Terrassa Clinical Research Ethics Committee and from management&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0095">Statistical analysis</span><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The reliability of the tool was evaluated using the Cronbach alpha coefficient&#59; content validity with a principal component analysis &#40;PCA&#41; with varimax rotation to measure each factor separately from the others&#46; The meeting of requirements was confirmed prior to this&#46; The distribution of responses to each variable was analysed&#44; the sample suitability measurement of Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin was used and the Barlett sphericity test&#46;</p><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The categorical variables were expressed as numbers and percentages and the quantitative with means and standard deviation&#46; A scale from 1 to 10 was used &#40;less to more&#41;&#46; For the normality analysis the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used&#46; To compare categorical variables the chi-square test was used and to compare means&#44; the Student&#39;s <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">t</span>-test and ANOVA test were used&#46;</p><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">To contrast statistics&#44; for bilateral significance&#44; a <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span> value under 0&#46;05 was established&#46; The SPSS 17&#46;0 &#40;SPSS Inc&#46;&#44; Chicago&#44; IL&#44; USA&#41; statistical package was used&#46;</p></span></span><span id="sec0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0100">Results</span><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The M&#250;tua Terrassa professionals responsible for scientific production and questionnaire participation are listed in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig&#46; 1</a>&#46; In the hospital 16&#37; of them were doctors &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>74&#41; and in primary care 1&#37; &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3&#41; were doctors&#46; Among the nurses&#44; one had a doctorate and worked in the hospital and 4 were studying for a doctorate &#40;3 in hospital and one in primary care&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The development of the M&#250;tua Terrassa scientific production is listed in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Fig&#46; 2</a> and showed an upward trend with occasional fluctuations&#46; In 2014&#44; the contribution of primary care to the institution research represented 2&#46;8&#37; of global IF&#44; with 11 articles and IF<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>17&#46;52&#46; At this level of care 4&#46;8&#37; of the clinical trials were being performed&#46; The nursing contribution represented 0&#46;6&#37; of the IF&#44; with 4 articles and IF<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3&#46;23&#46; Nurses collaborated in 100&#37; of clinical trials&#44; but without ever being the primary researcher&#46; 69&#37; of primary care research was from the centre and 31&#37; was collaborative whilst in nursing 96&#37; was from the centre and 4&#37; collaborative&#46; Hospital nurses collaborated in several scientific articles&#44; including some of the first quartile&#46; However&#44; there were no publications in journals of the first quartile in primary care &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Fig&#46; 2</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0095" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">124 people registered for the research conferences in primary care&#46; In the questionnaire the overall rate of response was 51&#37; &#40;56&#37; from those registered in the research conferences and 45&#37; from those who did not attend but from whom collaboration was requested&#41;&#46; The socio-demographic traits of the professionals are shown in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>&#46; No differences were observed according to age or gender from among the professionals who attended the research conferences and those who did not&#44; although there were differences in the professional category&#44; as more doctors attended&#46; All participants were primary care professionals&#58; 90&#37; worked in primary care and 10&#37; in the hospital &#40;mainly in the emergency departments&#41;&#46; With regard to quality of information&#44; over 95&#37; of the interviewees responded to all the questions&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In the survey it was confirmed that the requisites for carrying out a PCA were met&#44; with a Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin index of 0&#46;812 and a statistically significant Barlett sphericity index of &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;001&#41;&#46; The best solution was found in the PCA&#44; both theoretically and through Kaiser statistical criteria and from the sedimentation diagram&#44; a factorial solution of 3 primary components with varimax rotation was found&#44; which explained 56&#37; of the total variance&#46; The skills formed a component which explained 33&#37; of the variance &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">&#945;</span> of Cronbach<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;954&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">Table 2</a>&#41;&#59; the second component formed the satisfaction with professional development together with the opportunity to research&#44; which explained 13&#37; variance &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">&#945;</span> of Cronbach<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;875&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0015">Table 3</a>&#41;&#59; and finally motivation and research needs explained the 10&#37;variance &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">&#945;</span> of Cronbach<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;801&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0020">Table 4</a>&#41;&#46; The global Cronbach coefficient <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">&#945;</span> was 0&#46;922&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0010"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0015"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0020"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0105" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The self-perception data on skills in research is listed in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">Table 2</a>&#46; The ability to research in a team was&#44; at 6&#46;87 points&#44; the best scoring skill and the ability to obtain financing to research had the lowest score at 3&#46;44 points&#46; Differences were observed between the perception of nurses and doctors&#46; However&#44; with regard to skills&#44; no statistically significant differences were observed between the attendees and non attendees of the research conferences in scores of any of the 12 skills studied&#46;</p><p id="par0110" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Self-perception on research needs and opportunities are shown in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0015">Table 3</a>&#46; The interest in receiving training in research received the highest score&#44; a mean of 8&#46;46 points&#46; Several differences were observed between the doctors and nurses scores &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0015">Table 3</a>&#41;&#46; Some differences were also observed between professionals according to attendance at research conferences&#46; Those who attended conferences gave a mean score of 1&#46;63 points more&#44; regarding research forming part of their work&#44; with 1&#46;52 more points regarding their possibilities of leading research projects&#44; and 1&#46;21 points more regarding their satisfaction with peer recognition towards research and 1&#46;19 points more regarding their possibilities to research within working hours&#44; compared with those who did not attend conferences&#46;</p><p id="par0115" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Self-perception on motivation and satisfaction with diverse facets of health professional work is listed in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0020">Table 4</a>&#46; Care and teaching scored the highest&#44; whilst satisfaction with research and management received scores under 5&#46; There were no significant differences in motivation towards research among those who attended the research conferences &#40;7&#46;90 points&#41; and those who did not &#40;7&#46;69 points&#41; &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;459&#41;&#44; but there were in satisfaction with research itself &#40;attendees<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>4&#46;75 vs non attendees<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3&#46;75 points&#59; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;044&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0120" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">26&#37; of respondents offered suggestions to improve research&#46; A literal example of these suggestions if that &#8220;healthcare pressure is incompatible with proposing and executing research studies&#46;&#8221; Despite having ideas about interesting areas of research study&#44; it is difficult to carry out the work outside the working day and out of personal motivation&#44; having time to put it into practise &#40;difficulty in having time to do teaching&#44; work meetings&#44; coordination with colleagues to reflect on common projects&#44; etc&#46;&#41;&#46; And another example is&#58; &#8220;I think a lot of people would do major research projects&#44; but a little more dedication is needed in the working day and greater recognition of what research involves&#46; You cannot just depend on the willingness to do this out of work time&#44; because people get burnt out&#8221;&#46; In sum&#44; we recommend reducing workload pressure&#44; dedicating specific time to research within the working day&#44; providing access to research training&#44; to technical resources and to financing&#46; They also showed the need to have leaders in research and requested facilities&#44; as a minimum for those professionals with proven motivation towards research&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0045" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0105">Discussion</span><p id="par0125" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This study was proof of the motivation and dedication of health professionals towards research&#46; Following the creation of a foundation to increase research in 2001&#44; a notable increase was observed&#44; in both the quantity and quality of scientific production&#44; and particularly in hospitals&#46; Health professionals&#44; with motivation and commitment&#44; increased their research studies&#44; even under adverse circumstances&#44; such as those experienced after the economic recession&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0150"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2&#44;19</span></a> Scientific production of nursing and primary care tends to progressively increase in our institution&#46; Despite the undeniable progresses&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0240"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20</span></a> research into primary care nursing could still be considered insufficient if we compare it with its possible opportunities<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0245"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21</span></a> and to the considerable importance of primary care in clinical practice&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0240"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20&#8211;22</span></a> For this reason&#44; we would still recommend investing in research training and in consolidating structure which support professionals in research&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0180"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8&#44;12&#44;23</span></a> In Spain research budgets are lower than the European mean and have been considerably reduced due to the economic recession&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0220"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16</span></a> Meanwhile&#44; the importance of enhancing research in nursing is both nationally and internationally recognised&#44; despite its associated difficulties&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0210"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14&#44;24&#44;25</span></a></p><p id="par0130" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">What stands out is the scientific production of the entity which increased considerably&#44; even despite the fact that the financial crisis has reduced the clinical trials financed by the pharmaceutical industry&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0230"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span></a> However&#44; even so&#44; the most consolidated research groups of the hospital increased their ability to obtain financing and notably grew&#46; In our institution&#44; as is habitual&#44; scientific production together with researcher tradition&#44; is higher in hospital than in primary care and also lower in nursing&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0170"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6&#44;24</span></a> The percentage of clinical trials performed in primary care matches those cited in other studies&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0185"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9</span></a></p><p id="par0135" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">As predicted&#44; the majority of scientific production of nursing was developed in the hospital&#44; and was related to the presence of nurses in consolidated multidisciplinary research groups&#46; Furthermore&#44; there were also projects led from primary care nursing&#46; Although scientific productivity in primary care nursing is relatively low&#44; it has both research led by the professionals in these areas and in projects in collaboration with other disciplines and institutions&#46; Moreover&#44; the doctors contributed the most to scientific production&#46; All primary care healthcare professionals shared perceptions&#44; with regards to their needs and opportunities to research&#44; although the nurses stated they dedicated less free time than the doctors to research and they perceived they had less training than the doctors&#46; Doctors predominated among the conference attendees and there was also a more positive appraisal of research&#44; compared with the perception of those who did not attend the research conferences&#46; The professionals stated they felt greater motivation and expectations towards the diverse facets of their work than satisfaction regarding how they would develop these aspects in reality&#46;</p><p id="par0140" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">It is the intention of this study to keep the debate going about how to enhance research&#44; specifically in nursing<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0210"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14&#44;15</span></a> and in primary care&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0175"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a> The professionals state they are motivated to research and request greater resources&#44; training and specific time to research within their working day&#44; in keeping with what is already a known fact&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0220"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16&#44;17</span></a> A greater difference was observed between the hospital and primary care&#44; both in the critical mass of researchers and in the volume of consolidated research&#46; Motivation towards research seems to be omnipresent if we are guided by perception of the professionals&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0225"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a> but in practise only a minority develop projects&#46;</p><p id="par0145" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Once again nursing and primary care professionals look favourably upon research and request that pressure from work lessens and that time and training resources increase&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0220"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16&#44;17</span></a> Without these changes&#44; they believe they would have fewer opportunities to lead projects and they request at least one part of this activity be developed inside working hours&#46; Extreme workload pressure probably impacted the teaching and researcher facets&#46; The institution wishes to foster<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0180"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8&#44;23&#44;26</span></a> quality reesearch&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0150"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> with research not depending exclusively on the motivation&#44; willingness and free time that the professionals are willing to dedicate to it&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0160"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a></p><p id="par0150" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">With regard to the perception on research&#44; the strongest point was the ability to research in a team and weakest in obtaining financing&#46; These results coincide with the recommendation to train in research&#44; working in consolidated groups&#46; It is not surprising either that there is a current intense competition for not much financing&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0230"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span></a> It would be ideal for an institution like the M&#250;tua Terrassa group&#44; where different levels of healthcare are integrated &#40;hospital&#44; primary care and socio-sanitary care&#41; under private management&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0275"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">27</span></a> collaboration and communication between professionals of the different care levels were easy and fluid&#46; The reality is that&#44; although all parties wish to collaborate and be integrated&#44; in practice it is still complex&#44; both in care and in research&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0180"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8&#44;28</span></a></p><p id="par0155" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Among the limitations is that the study was conducted in a single institution&#44; which conditions its representativeness&#46; Moreover&#44; the selection of professionals through a sample of convenience&#44; limits the representativeness of the outcome obtains&#44; as a selection bias is involved&#46; It is probable that the professionals who participated were particularly highly motivated and had a higher interest in research&#46; Furthermore&#44; the findings from the questionnaires reflect the perception and opinion of the respondents and not necessary an objective reality&#46; This would partly explain the variations observed among the professionals who attended the research conferences and those who did not&#46; Finally&#44; the questionnaire used was our own&#44; and sought to debate and reflect on the research&#46;</p><p id="par0160" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">To conclude&#44; nursing and primary care professionals maintain their motivation towards research and prefer to be part of and collaborate with research teams&#44; rather than lead projects&#46; Scientific production trends also evolve favourably in these areas&#46; One possible strategy to enhance research would be to continue supporting those professionals who had proved their ability to research&#44; even under adverse circumstance&#46; Contributions from nurses and primary care would invariably benefit the population&#39;s health and society as a whole&#46; Acknowledgement of those who feel higher motivation towards research would be a stimulus and who with their personal efforts and free time&#44; could contribute to improving the health of the people&#46; Analysing where we are at and reflecting on the expectations and satisfaction of health professionals could help in making strategic decisions which would contribute to enhancing research&#46; Finally&#44; we would recommend attaching value to the benefits of approaching research from multidisciplinary teams where the contribution from the nursing and primary care professionals would probably be advantageous to all&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0050" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0110">Ethical approval</span><p id="par0165" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This study was authorised by management and was carried out with approval from the M&#250;tua Terrassa Clinical Research Ethics Committee&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0055" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0115">Conflict of interests</span><p id="par0170" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">All the authors work in the M&#250;tua Terrassa health centre&#46;</p></span></span>"
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    "fechaRecibido" => "2016-05-23"
    "fechaAceptado" => "2017-03-09"
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            0 => "Nursing research"
            1 => "Perceptions"
            2 => "Surveys and questionnaires"
            3 => "Primary health care"
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            2 => "Encuestas y cuestionarios"
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        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Objective</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">To analyse the evolution of scientific production in a privately managed public institution&#44; and to explore the perceptions of primary healthcare professionals with regard to research&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Method</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The institution includes a university hospital and 10 primary health centres&#44; 673 physicians&#44; and 747 nurses&#46; A bibliometric analysis on scientific production was performed&#46; A questionnaire was designed&#44; with 5 sections &#40;sociodemographic data&#44; competences&#44; needs&#44; motivation and satisfaction s with research&#41; and 40 items &#40;scale of 1&#8211;10&#41;&#46; Its understanding&#44; pertinence and validity of content were analysed&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0020">Results</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">In 2014&#44; the contribution of primary care to research accounted for 2&#46;8&#37; of the total impact factor of publications&#44; and 4&#46;8&#37; of clinical trials&#46; Nurses accounted for 0&#46;6&#37; of the impact factor&#44; having published articles in first quartile journals&#46; A total of 110 &#40;51&#37;&#41; primary care professionals participated in the survey&#46; The average motivation for research was 7&#46;85 points and satisfaction with research 4&#46;37 points&#46; The interest in receiving training in research &#40;8&#46;46 points&#41; was highlighted as well as the lack of leadership in research &#40;2&#46;93 points&#41;&#46; Regarding competences&#44; research in teams was highlighted &#40;6&#46;87 points&#41;&#44; and obtaining funding was noted as a negative &#40;3&#46;44 points&#41;&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Conclusions</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Research is experiencing a surge in all institutions&#44; especially in hospitals&#46; The primary care professionals expressed their motivation towards research and their dissatisfaction with the difficulties encountered&#44; especially in obtaining funds&#46;</p></span>"
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        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Objetivo</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Analizar la evoluci&#243;n de la producci&#243;n cient&#237;fica en una instituci&#243;n de asistencia p&#250;blica concertada con gesti&#243;n privada&#44; y conocer la percepci&#243;n de los profesionales de atenci&#243;n primaria sobre la investigaci&#243;n&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">M&#233;todo</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La entidad engloba un hospital universitario y 10 centros de salud&#44; 673 m&#233;dicos y 747 enfermeras&#46; Se realiz&#243; un an&#225;lisis bibliom&#233;trico de la producci&#243;n cient&#237;fica&#46; Se dise&#241;&#243; un cuestionario&#44; con 5 secciones &#40;datos sociodemogr&#225;ficos&#44; competencias&#44; necesidades&#44; motivaci&#243;n y satisfacci&#243;n hacia la investigaci&#243;n&#41; y 40 variables &#40;escala&#44; 1-10&#41;&#44; para que fuese autocumplimentado por los profesionales de atenci&#243;n primaria&#46; Se analiz&#243; su comprensi&#243;n&#44; pertinencia y validez de contenido&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0045">Resultados</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">En 2014&#44; la contribuci&#243;n de la atenci&#243;n primaria a la investigaci&#243;n global represent&#243; el 2&#44;8&#37; del total de factor de impacto de las publicaciones y el 4&#44;8&#37; de los ensayos cl&#237;nicos&#46; Las enfermeras contribuyeron con el 0&#44;6&#37; del factor de impacto&#44; con publicaciones en revistas del primer cuartil&#46; Participaron en la encuesta 110 &#40;51&#37;&#41; profesionales de atenci&#243;n primaria&#46; La motivaci&#243;n media hacia la investigaci&#243;n fue de 7&#44;85 puntos y la satisfacci&#243;n con ella de 4&#44;37 puntos&#46; Destac&#243; el inter&#233;s por recibir formaci&#243;n en investigaci&#243;n &#40;8&#44;46 puntos&#41; y la falta de liderazgo en esta &#40;2&#44;93 puntos&#41;&#46; Como competencia destac&#243; la investigaci&#243;n en equipo &#40;6&#44;87 puntos&#41; y negativamente la obtenci&#243;n de financiaci&#243;n &#40;3&#44;44 puntos&#41;&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0050">Conclusiones</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La investigaci&#243;n aumenta en la instituci&#243;n&#44; especialmente en el hospital&#46; Los profesionales de atenci&#243;n primaria manifestaron motivaci&#243;n hacia la investigaci&#243;n e insatisfacci&#243;n por sus dificultades y falta de recursos para investigar&#46;</p></span>"
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                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td-with-role" title="table-head ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">No&#46;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>110&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " colspan="2" align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Primary care research workshops</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Attend workshops<br>n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>73&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Do not attend<br>No&#46;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>37&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Age&#44; years&#44; mean &#40;SD&#41;</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">41 &#40;10&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">41 &#40;10&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Gender&#58; male n &#40;&#37;&#41;</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">8 &#40;22&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="3" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="3" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Professional category n &#40;&#37;&#41;</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Nurses &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>44&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">18 &#40;25&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">26 &#40;70&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Doctors &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>54&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">43 &#40;59&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">11 &#40;30&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Resident doctors &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>10&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">10 &#40;14&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0 &#40;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Resident nurses &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">2 &#40;2&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0 &#40;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="3" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="3" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Workplace n &#40;&#37;&#41;</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Primary care &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>100&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">70 &#40;96&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">30 &#40;81&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Hospital &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>10&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">3 &#40;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">7 &#40;19&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="3" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Years of practice&#44; mean &#40;SD&#41;</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">16 &#40;11&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">18 &#40;11&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
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          "en" => "<p id="spar0055" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">General and socio-demographic features of primary care professionals of M&#250;tua Terrassa&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
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          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0070" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">SD&#58; standard deviation&#46;</p>"
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                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Skills&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Nurses<br>n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>44<br>Mean &#40;DE&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Doctors<br>n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>62<br>Mean &#40;DE&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Total<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a><br>n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>110<br>Mean &#40;DE&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Team research&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">6&#46;36 &#40;2&#46;06&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">7&#46;23 &#40;1&#46;92&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">6&#46;87 &#40;2&#46;02&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;025&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Read up on&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">6&#46;24 &#40;1&#46;86&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">7&#46;30 &#40;1&#46;59&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">6&#46;86 &#40;1&#46;78&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;002&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Congresses&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">5&#46;27 &#40;2&#46;25&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">6&#46;69 &#40;2&#46;07&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">6&#46;10 &#40;2&#46;25&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#60;0&#46;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Collaborative work&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">5&#46;32 &#40;2&#46;36&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">6&#46;39 &#40;2&#46;41&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">5&#46;95 &#40;2&#46;44&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;024&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Evidence-based medicine&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">5&#46;09 &#40;2&#46;00&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">6&#46;47 &#40;&#46;95&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">5&#46;90 &#40;2&#46;08&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#60;0&#46;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Project design&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">5&#46;16 &#40;2&#46;29&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">5&#46;55 &#40;2&#46;57&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">5&#46;39 &#40;2&#46;46&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;415&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Plan and execute projects&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">4&#46;91 &#40;2&#46;24&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">5&#46;70 &#40;2&#46;66&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">5&#46;38 &#40;2&#46;52&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;116&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Analyse data&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">4&#46;89 &#40;2&#46;21&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">5&#46;38 &#40;2&#46;55&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">5&#46;18 &#40;2&#46;42&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;305&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Contribute new knowledge&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">4&#46;51 &#40;2&#46;50&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">5&#46;10 &#40;2&#46;47&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">4&#46;85 &#40;2&#46;49&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;231&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">English&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">3&#46;64 &#40;2&#46;55&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">5&#46;67 &#40;2&#46;46&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">4&#46;83 &#40;2&#46;68&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#60;0&#46;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Scientific writing&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">4&#46;04 &#40;2&#46;19&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">5&#46;28 &#40;2&#46;56&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">4&#46;77 &#40;2&#46;48&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;010&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Obtain financing&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">3&#46;20 &#40;2&#46;32&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">3&#46;61 &#40;2&#46;53&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">3&#46;44 &#40;2&#46;44&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;392&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
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              "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0005">Four people responded to the questionnaire&#44; leaving the professional category blank &#40;doctors or nurses&#41;&#46;</p>"
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          "en" => "<p id="spar0065" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Self-perception of research skills&#46; Ordered according to score given&#46;</p>"
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                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Perceptions&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Nurses<br>n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>44<br>Mean &#40;SD&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Doctors<br>n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>62<br>Mean &#40;SD&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Total<br>n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>110<br>Mean &#40;SD&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Training in research&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">7&#46;93 &#40;2&#46;27&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">8&#46;84 &#40;1&#46;22&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">8&#46;46 &#40;1&#46;78&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;017&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Improves care&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">8&#46;29 &#40;1&#46;81&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">8&#46;36 &#40;1&#46;26&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">8&#46;33 &#40;1&#46;52&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;811&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Importance in professional career&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">7&#46;55 &#40;2&#46;27&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">8&#46;30 &#40;1&#46;64&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">7&#46;99 &#40;1&#46;95&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;063&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Research in free time&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">5&#46;36 &#40;3&#46;26&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">6&#46;59 &#40;2&#46;69&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">6&#46;07 &#40;2&#46;99&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;034&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Inherent to my job&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">5&#46;00 &#40;2&#46;49&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">6&#46;13 &#40;2&#46;61&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">5&#46;66 &#40;2&#46;61&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;026&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Research opportunities&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">5&#46;64 &#40;2&#46;36&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">5&#46;39 &#40;2&#46;54&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">5&#46;50 &#40;2&#46;46&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;598&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Peer recognition&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">5&#46;04 &#40;2&#46;53&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">5&#46;53 &#40;2&#46;53&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">5&#46;33 &#40;2&#46;53&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;325&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Recognition from institution&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">4&#46;71 &#40;2&#46;68&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">4&#46;41 &#40;2&#46;46&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">4&#46;54 &#40;2&#46;55&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;551&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">I co-operate in research projects&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">3&#46;20 &#40;2&#46;61&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">4&#46;30 &#40;3&#46;26&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">3&#46;84 &#40;3&#46;04&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;064&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">I research during work time&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">3&#46;24 &#40;2&#46;39&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">4&#46;13 &#40;2&#46;48&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">3&#46;6 &#40;2&#46;47&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;067&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">I lead projects&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">2&#46;48 &#40;2&#46;39&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">3&#46;23 &#40;2&#46;84&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">2&#46;93 &#40;2&#46;68&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;150&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
              ]
              "imagenFichero" => array:1 [
                0 => "xTab1438535.png"
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spar0075" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Self-perception on needs and possibilities of research&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
      5 => array:8 [
        "identificador" => "tbl0020"
        "etiqueta" => "Table 4"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "detalles" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "at4"
            "detalle" => "Table "
            "rol" => "short"
          ]
        ]
        "tabla" => array:2 [
          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0090" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">SD&#58; standard deviation&#46;</p>"
          "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "tabla" => array:1 [
                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td-with-role" title="table-head ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">Total<br>n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>110&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " colspan="2" align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Nurses<br>n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>44</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " colspan="2" align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Doctors<br>n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>62</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " colspan="2" align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span></th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Motivation<br>Mean &#40;SD&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Satisfaction<br>Mean &#40;SD&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Motivation<br>Mean &#40;SD&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Satisfaction<br>Mean &#40;SD&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Motivation&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Satisfaction&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Healthcare&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">8&#46;76 &#40;1&#46;19&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">6&#46;93 &#40;2&#46;26&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">8&#46;71 &#40;1&#46;68&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">7&#46;07 &#40;1&#46;99&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;876&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;750&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Teaching&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">7&#46;89 &#40;1&#46;92&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">6&#46;18 &#40;2&#46;55&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">8&#46;11 &#40;1&#46;86&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">5&#46;46 &#40;2&#46;49&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;549&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;152&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Research&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">7&#46;40 &#40;1&#46;98&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">4&#46;27 &#40;2&#46;25&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">8&#46;17 &#40;1&#46;57&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">4&#46;44 &#40;2&#46;45&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;025&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;701&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Management&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">6&#46;22 &#40;2&#46;67&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">4&#46;73 &#40;2&#46;58&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">5&#46;73 &#40;2&#46;63&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">3&#46;75 &#40;2&#46;33&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;346&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;041&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
              ]
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                0 => "xTab1438533.png"
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        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spar0085" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Self-perception of motivation and satisfaction towards diverse facets of professional healthcare work&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
      6 => array:5 [
        "identificador" => "tb0005"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATEXTO"
        "mostrarFloat" => false
        "mostrarDisplay" => true
        "texto" => array:1 [
          "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0065">What is known&#63;</span><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The benefits of researching in nursing and primary health care are currently considered invaluable&#44; despite the obstacles involved&#46; Research is more consolidated in hospitals than in primary care and also more extended among doctors than among nurses&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0070">What is offered&#63;</span><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In this study we reflect on how to enhance research in nursing and in primary care&#44; from the perception of health professionals on their motivation&#44; possibilities and skills&#46; The contribution of nursing and primary healthcare to total scientific production of an institution is also quantified&#46;</p></span></span>"
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "bibliografia" => array:2 [
      "titulo" => "References"
      "seccion" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "bibs0005"
          "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:28 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0145"
              "etiqueta" => "1"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Turbulent times in southern European science"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "F&#46;N&#46; Barrera"
                            1 => "J&#46;L&#46; Neira"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61714-0"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Lancet"
                        "fecha" => "2012"
                        "volumen" => "380"
                        "paginaInicial" => "1229"
                        "paginaFinal" => "1230"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23040860"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            1 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0150"
              "etiqueta" => "2"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Economic crisis&#44; health systems and health in Europe&#58; impact and implications for policy"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "M&#46;C&#46; Portillo"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:4 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Nurs Manage"
                        "fecha" => "2016"
                        "volumen" => "23"
                        "paginaInicial" => "15"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            2 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0155"
              "etiqueta" => "3"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Valoraci&#243;n de la investigaci&#243;n que se realiza en los hospitales espa&#241;oles"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [
                            0 => "J&#46;L&#46; Puerta"
                            1 => "J&#46;M&#46; Mart&#237;n-Moreno"
                            2 => "S&#46; Bravo"
                            3 => "J&#46;A&#46; Guti&#233;rrez-Fuentes"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1016/j.rce.2011.01.001"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Rev Clin Esp"
                        "fecha" => "2011"
                        "volumen" => "211"
                        "paginaInicial" => "169"
                        "paginaFinal" => "178"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21420671"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            3 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0160"
              "etiqueta" => "4"
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