Letter to the Editor
The importance of the patient safety culture in the clinical field
La importancia de la cultura de seguridad del paciente en el ámbito clínico
Claudia Patricia Cañadas-Aragón
Enfermería, Coordinación de Estudios Clínicos, Clínica Sebastián de Belalcázar, Clínica Colsanitas, Grupo Keralty, Cali, Colombia
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Despite the efforts of many, figures based on studies conducted around the world continue to average drastic drastic rate of adverse events, due to the cost in many lives, the emotional impact on both families and professionals and the financial cost.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> Adverse events in hospitalized patients are occurring more and more frequently due to the increase in complexity of medical care, which implies a greater risk of making a human error inherent to care, constituting a serious threat to patient safety. Average figures indicate that approximately one in ten patients admitted to a clinic or hospital suffers an adverse event, which can range from minor harm to death.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> It would be simplistic to say that figures like these irrefutably prove that we continue to provide unsafe care to our patients, and sometimes staff training is not enough to achieve adequate patient care, where staff habits and beliefs play a major role in improving care. Being safe depends, to a large extent, on the person him or herself. When looking in detail at the causes of adverse events, we find factors inherent to human will, and it is common to find, among these, inadequate communication, lack of teamwork, personalistic attitudes that prioritize one’s knowledge over that of others, especially those at a lower level in the hierarchy, etc.</p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Intending to ensure the safety of patient care, healthcare institutions have put in place some different policies, courses, and procedures; however, one of the main recommendations is the implementation of a patient safety culture, which involves having a proactive mindset that values the identification and prevention of errors, effective communication, continuous learning and constant improvement.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> It, therefore, encompasses the values, attitudes, perceptions, and behaviours that prevail in a healthcare setting, and plays a critical role in preventing errors and improving the quality of care.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0020"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> Recent studies reveal that it is critical to continuously assess safety culture to diagnose areas for improvement to promote the quality and safety of patient care,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> and it is for this reason that nurses are considered a key patient safety link between patients themselves and other healthcare professionals since they play a key role in promoting a patient safety culture. First of all, it is important, in our work as nurses, that we are conscious of the need to promote and increase our skills in providing safety and security. With this in mind, it can be said that the healthcare professional must learn to communicate properly, establishing communication with built-in redundancy between the sender and the receiver; working as a team; allowing leadership over the task to be assigned to the most expert; asking for help or asking about what you do not know before acting, understanding that all together we are smarter than ourselves in isolation; constantly identifying the risks that arise in daily work and doing whatever is necessary to avoid these; relying less and less on memory and checking more frequently through the use of checklists. We need to be an example to others as regards these behaviour patterns and adhere to the institution’s care guidelines. This is based not only on the large number of adverse events that take place in the world on a day-to-day basis but also on the principles of wanting to be and ought to be. If healthcare professionals improve their attitude, they will surely obtain better results and will avoid adverse events, as it is precisely one’s own attitude that healthcare professional can themselves control.</p><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0005">Funding</span><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">No funding was received for the production of this research.</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Conflict of interest</span><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">None stated by the author.</p></span></span>" "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [ "secciones" => array:3 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0005" "titulo" => "Funding" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0010" "titulo" => "Conflict of interest" ] 2 => array:1 [ "titulo" => "References" ] ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0005" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:5 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0005" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "The global burden of unsafe medical care: analytic modelling of observational studies" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "A.K. Jha" 1 => "I. Larizgoitia" 2 => "C. Audera-Lopez" 3 => "N. Prasopa-Plaizier" 4 => "H. Waters" 5 => "D.W. Bates" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1136/bmjqs-2012-001748" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "BMJ Qual Saf" "fecha" => "2013" "volumen" => "22" "paginaInicial" => "809" "paginaFinal" => "815" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24048616" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0010" "etiqueta" => "2" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Eventos adversos y acciones esenciales para la seguridad del paciente" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "N.A. Riera-Vázquez" 1 => "G. Gutiérrez-Alba" 2 => "H. Reyes-Morales" 3 => "P. Pavón-León" 4 => "M.C. Gogeascoechea-Trejo" 5 => "J. 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