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Inicio Enfermería Clínica (English Edition) Men’s mourning experiences for the death of a loved one: An integrative review
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Original Article
Pre-proof, online 14 November 2024
Men’s mourning experiences for the death of a loved one: An integrative review
Experiencias de duelo en hombres por la muerte de un ser querido: revisión integrativa
Daniel Martínez-Esquivela,
Corresponding author
alu0101456164@ull.edu.es

Corresponding author.
, Maureen Araya-Solísb, Alfonso Miguel García-Hernándeza
a Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Médicas y Farmacéuticas, Desarrollo y Calidad de Vida, Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de la Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
b Escuela de Enfermería, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
Highlights

  • The mourning process in men has multiple courses depending on the context.

  • Men’s mourning experiences involve adaptive or maladaptive coping.

  • Men perceive an ambivalence to experiencing bereavement in solitude or in company.

  • Grief is shaped by traditional constructs and new masculinities.

  • Men need public policies to recognise their mourning process.

Article information
Abstract
Objective

To analyze the current state of knowledge regarding men's mourning experiences following the death of a loved one.

Method

An integrative review was conducted using quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-methods studies published in English or Spanish between 2017 and 2022 that investigated men's mourning experiences. Studies focused on grief in participants with different sexes or gender identities, maladaptive grief, persistent complex bereavement disorder, prolonged grief disorder, bereavement over pets, or losses other than a human death were excluded. Additionally, reviews, books, theses, editorials, and opinion pieces were not included. The search was conducted in CINAHL, PubMed, and Scopus in 2023. JBI tools were used for quality appraisal, and the analysis employed the constant comparative method.

Results

Our analysis of eight English-language documents with evidence levels IV-VI, informed by the Socioecological Model of Men's Grief, revealed that factors at individual, interpersonal, community, and public policy sublevels interact significantly to shape men's grief experiences. Themes emerged along a continuum of intuitive and instrumental coping responses, including adaptive and maladaptive coping strategies, loneliness and social support needs, the influence of societal constructions of masculinity and the grieving process in men.

Conclusions

Men’s mourning experiences are complex and multifaceted, influenced by diverse expressions of masculinity and the interaction of various contextual factors. The Mental Health Nursing Process should prioritize understanding and addressing the unique experiences of bereaved men.

Keywords:
Bereavement
Men
Masculinity
Death
Grief
Resumen
Objetivo

Analizar el estado actual del conocimiento sobre las experiencias de duelo en hombres por la muerte de un ser querido.

Método

Revisión integrativa. Se incluyeron estudios cuantitativos, cualitativos y mixtos sobre las experiencias de duelo en hombres, en texto completo en inglés o español, del año 2017 al 2022. Se excluyeron revisiones, libros, tesis, editoriales y opiniones; investigaciones sobre el duelo que reclutaron participantes con: diferente sexo o identidad de género; duelo inadaptado, trastorno de duelo complejo persistente, trastorno de duelo prolongado; duelo por una mascota o pérdidas distintas a la muerte de una persona. La búsqueda se ejecutó en CINAHL, PudMed y Scopus durante el 2023. La evaluación se realizó con las herramientas de JBI. El análisis se elaboró con el método de comparación constante.

Resultados

La muestra fue de 8 documentos escritos en inglés con niveles de evidencia entre IV y VI. Considerando el Modelo Socio-ecológico del Duelo en Hombres, las experiencias de duelo en hombres se conformaron por interacciones complejas entre subniveles de factores individuales, interpersonales, comunitarios y de políticas públicas, de los que se derivaron temas como afrontamiento adaptativo o desadaptativo, soledad y compañía, constructo social de la masculinidad y proceso de duelo en hombres, presentes en un continuum de respuestas de afrontamiento intuitivas e instrumentales.

Conclusiones

Las experiencias de duelo en hombres son amplias, influenciadas por la multiplicidad de masculinidades y la interacción de distintos factores del contexto. El Proceso de Enfermería de Salud Mental debería centrarse en las vivencias del doliente.

Palabras clave:
Aflicción
Hombres
Masculinidad
Muerte
Pesar

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