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Vol. 14. Issue 3.
Pages 88-95 (January 2003)
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Vol. 14. Issue 3.
Pages 88-95 (January 2003)
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Calidad de vida y mortalidad a largo plazo en pacientes con síndrome de distrés respiratorio agudo
Long term of quality of life and mortality in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) patients
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Dolors Ortiz Chinchilla1
Corresponding author
DOrtiz@cspt.es

Correspondencia: Servicio de Medicina Intensiva Corporación Sanitaria Parc Taulí Parc Taulí, s/n 08208 Sabadell, Barcelona. España.
, M.ª Rosa Jam Gatell
Diplomado Enfermería. Servicio de Medicina Intensiva. Corporación
Sanitaria Parc Taulí. Sabadell. Barcelona. España.
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Resumen
Introducción

El síndrome de distrés respiratorio agudo ha estado siempre asociado a una elevada y persistente mortalidad, a pesar de los avances tecnológicos y de las múltiples investigaciones realizadas. Evaluamos en un estudio prospectivo los cambios habidos en la calidad de vida y mortalidad de los pacientes diagnosticados de síndrome de distrés respiratorio agudo, utilizando indicadores de calidad de vida. Determinar si la estrategia posicional empleada influye en un descenso de la mortalidad.

Material y métodos

Combinamos la escala de Karnofsky, actividades de la vida diaria y percepción de calidad de vida para valorar la calidad de vida previa al ingreso y 6 meses después del alta de 59 pacientes diagnosticados de síndrome de distrés respiratorio agudo. Comparamos las variables que podían incidir sobre la mortalidad, edad, estancia, gravedad de la enfermedad, esfuerzo asistencial de enfermería e indicadores de calidad de vida. Se valoró la mortalidad según la estrategia posicional empleada: decúbito supino y decúbito prono.

Resultados

La mortalidad global de pacientes con síndrome de distrés respiratorio agudo fue del 57%. Las variables que incidieron sobre la mortalidad fueron la edad, el esfuerzo asistencial de enfermería y los indicadores de calidad de vida. No se encontraron diferencias significativas entre los pacientes que se posicionaron en decúbito prono o decúbito supino. Todos los indicadores de calidad de vida estaban disminuidos a los 6 meses después del alta del paciente con respecto al ingreso.

Discusión

La mortalidad de los pacientes afectos de síndrome de distrés respiratorio agudo se encuentra dentro de la razón descrita por otros autores y no está condicionada por la estrategia posicional empleada. La calidad de vida de los supervivientes se deteriora moderadamente, lo que es atribuible a la enfermedad crónica o residual pulmonar.

Palabras clave:
Calidad de vida
Mortalidad
Síndrome distrés respiratorio agudo
Cuidados intensivos
Summary
Introduction

Although advanced technology and make many researches, the acute respiratory distress syndrome has been associated to high mortality.We prospectively evaluated the quality of life and mortality changes in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome, was used quality of life indicators, as well as we determinated if positional strategie will be have an influence to fallingoff in mortality.

Material and methods

We combined the Karnosfky scale, daily live activities index, and the perception of quality of life scale to assess previously quality of life before admission to the intensive care unit and 6 moths after realese for 59 patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Mortality was compared with age, stay, severity of disease, nine equivalent manpower score and quality of life indicators. We evaluated mortality according to position strategie supine-position or pronposition.

Results

Mortality was to the 57%. Three significant variables related with mortality were identified: age, nine equivalent manpower score and quality of life indicators. We didn’t find any significant differentiate between positioning strategies. All of quality of life indicators were decrease six months after discharge to the intensive care unit.

Discussion

Mortality from patients acute respiratory distress syndrome is described between ratio for others authors, as well as it doesn’t condittioned for positional estrategie used. The quality of life of survivors have deteriorated moderately, it was attributable to chronic disease.

Key words:
Quality of life
Mortality
Acute respiratory distress syndrome
Intensive care
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Copyright © 2003. Elsevier España, S.L. y Sociedad Española de Enfermería Intensiva
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